Start tracking XSD/e with git after version 3.0.03.0.0

185 files changed, 13295 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/README b/examples/cxx/hybrid/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ee55a90
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/README
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+This directory contains a number of examples that show how to
+use the Embedded C++/Hybrid mapping. The following list gives
+an overview of each example. See the README files in example
+directories for more information on each example.
+
+hello
+  A simple "Hello, world!" example that shows how to parse XML
+  documents.
+
+library
+  Shows how to handle more complex data structures, modify the
+  object model, and serialize the modified object model back to
+  XML.
+  
+minimal
+  Shows how to perform parsing and serialization as well as use the
+  object model when the mapping is configured without support for
+  STL, iostream, or C++ exceptions.
+
+multiroot
+  Shows how to parse XML vocabularies with multiple root elements.
+
+wildcard
+  Shows how to parse, store in the object model, and serialize XML
+  data matched by XML Schema wildcards (any and anyAttribute).
+
+filter
+  Shows how to filter the XML data during parsing and object model
+  during serialization.
+
+streaming
+  Shows how to perform partially event-driven, partially in-memory
+  XML processing.
+
+compositors
+  Shows how to create, access, and modify object models with complex
+  nested choice and sequence compositors.
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/compositors/README b/examples/cxx/hybrid/compositors/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b02a023
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/compositors/README
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+This example shows how to create, access, and modify object models with
+complex nested choice and sequence compositors in the Embedded C++/Hybrid
+mapping.
+
+For more information about nested compositors see Section 4.4, "Compositors"
+in the Embedded C++/Hybrid Mapping Getting Started Guide.
+
+
+The example consists of the following files:
+
+compositors.xsd
+  XML Schema which defines a number of types with nested compositors.
+
+compositors.hxx
+compositors.cxx
+
+  Object model classes. These are generated by the XSD/e compiler from
+  compositors.xsd.
+
+driver.cxx
+  Driver for the example. It shows how to create, access, and modify object
+  models that use nested choice and sequence compositors. The driver does
+  not produce any output.
+  
+
+To run the example simply execute:
+
+$ ./driver
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/compositors/compositors.xsd b/examples/cxx/hybrid/compositors/compositors.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..85f0db7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/compositors/compositors.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/compositors/compositors.xsd
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="simple_choice">
+    <xsd:choice>
+      <xsd:element name="a" type="xsd:int"/>
+      <xsd:element name="b" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0"/>
+      <xsd:element name="c" type="xsd:boolean" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xsd:choice>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="nested_choice">
+    <xsd:sequence>
+      <xsd:choice minOccurs="0">
+        <xsd:element name="a" type="xsd:int"/>
+        <xsd:sequence>
+          <xsd:element name="b" type="xsd:int"/>
+          <xsd:element name="c" type="xsd:boolean"/>
+        </xsd:sequence>
+      </xsd:choice>
+      <xsd:element name="d" type="xsd:int"/>
+    </xsd:sequence>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="nested_sequence">
+    <xsd:sequence maxOccurs="unbounded">
+      <xsd:element name="a" type="xsd:int"/>
+      <xsd:sequence minOccurs="0">
+        <xsd:element name="b" type="xsd:int"/>
+        <xsd:element name="c" type="xsd:boolean"/>
+      </xsd:sequence>
+    </xsd:sequence>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+</xsd:schema>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/compositors/driver.cxx b/examples/cxx/hybrid/compositors/driver.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5d7dd01
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/compositors/driver.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/compositors/driver.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#include "compositors.hxx"
+
+int
+main (int, char*[])
+{
+  // Simple choice.
+  //
+  simple_choice sc;
+
+  sc.a (123); // Automatically sets arm to a_tag.
+
+  switch (sc.choice_arm ())
+  {
+  case simple_choice::a_tag:
+    {
+      sc.a ()++;
+      break;
+    }
+  case simple_choice::b_tag:
+    {
+      // The b element is optional so we first need to check
+      // if it is present.
+      //
+      if (sc.b_present ())
+      {
+        sc.b_present (false);
+      }
+
+      break;
+    }
+  case simple_choice::c_tag:
+    {
+      // The c element is a sequence.
+      //
+      simple_choice::c_sequence& s = sc.c ();
+
+      for (simple_choice::c_iterator i = s.begin (); i != s.end(); ++i)
+      {
+        *i = !*i;
+      }
+
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+
+
+  // Nested choice.
+  //
+  nested_choice nc;
+
+  // Initialize the choice with the 'sequence' arm.
+  //
+  nc.choice_present (true);
+  nested_choice::choice_type& c = nc.choice ();
+  c.choice_arm (nested_choice::choice_type::sequence_tag);
+  c.sequence ().b (123);
+  c.sequence ().c (true);
+
+  nc.d (456);
+
+
+  // Nested sequence.
+  //
+  nested_sequence ns;
+  nested_sequence::sequence_sequence& s = ns.sequence ();
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i)
+  {
+    nested_sequence::sequence_type x;
+    x.a (i);
+
+    if (i % 2)
+    {
+      // Initialize the nested sequence.
+      //
+      x.sequence1_present (true);
+      x.sequence1 ().b (i);
+      x.sequence1 ().c (true);
+    }
+
+    s.push_back (x);
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/compositors/makefile b/examples/cxx/hybrid/compositors/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2bab6e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/compositors/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+# file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/compositors/makefile
+# author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+# copyright : Copyright (c) 2005-2009 Code Synthesis Tools CC
+# license   : GNU GPL v2 + exceptions; see accompanying LICENSE file
+
+include $(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))../../../../build/bootstrap.make
+
+xsd := compositors.xsd
+cxx := driver.cxx
+
+obj := $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(cxx:.cxx=.o) $(xsd:.xsd=.o))
+dep := $(obj:.o=.o.d)
+
+xsde.l             := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l
+xsde.l.cpp-options := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l.cpp-options
+
+driver := $(out_base)/driver
+clean  := $(out_base)/.clean
+
+# Build.
+#
+$(driver): $(obj) $(xsde.l)
+
+$(obj) $(dep): $(xsde.l.cpp-options)
+
+gen := $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=.hxx)       \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=.cxx)
+
+$(gen): $(out_root)/xsde/xsde
+$(gen): xsde := $(out_root)/xsde/xsde
+$(gen): xsde_options += --generate-inline
+
+$(call include-dep,$(dep))
+
+# Convenience alias for default target.
+#
+.PHONY: $(out_base)/
+$(out_base)/: $(driver)
+
+
+# Clean.
+#
+.PHONY: $(clean)
+
+$(clean): $(driver).o.clean                                \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(obj))                           \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(dep))                           \
+  $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(xsd:.xsd=.cxx.xsd.clean))
+
+
+# How to.
+#
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/o-e.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-o.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-d.make)
+$(call include,$(scf_root)/xsde/hybrid/xsd-cxx.make)
+
+
+# Dependencies.
+#
+$(call import,$(src_root)/xsde/makefile)
+$(call import,$(src_root)/libxsde/xsde/makefile)
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/filter/README b/examples/cxx/hybrid/filter/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6ff8f76
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/filter/README
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+This example shows how to filter the XML data during parsing and object
+model during serialization in the Embedded C++/Hybrid mapping. Filtering
+allows only parts of the XML document to be parsed into the object model
+or only parts of the object model to be serialized to XML.
+
+This example uses the parser and serializer customization mechanisms
+provided by the C++/Hybrid mapping. For more information, see Section
+4.8, "Customizing the Object Model" and Section 6.1, "Customizing
+Parsers and Serializers" in the Embedded C++/Hybrid Mapping Getting
+Started Guide.
+
+The example consists of the following files:
+
+people.xsd
+  XML Schema which describes a collection of person records.
+
+people.xml
+  Sample XML instance document.
+
+people.hxx
+people.cxx
+
+people-pskel.hxx
+people-pskel.cxx
+people-pimpl.hxx
+people-pimpl.cxx
+
+people-pskel.hxx
+people-pskel.cxx
+people-pimpl.hxx
+people-pimpl.cxx
+  Object model (the first pair of files), parser skeletons (the second
+  pair), parser implementations (the third pair), serializer skeletons
+  (the fourth pair), and serializer implementations (the fifth pair).
+  These files are generated by the XSD/e compiler from people.xsd. The 
+  --generate-parser, --generate-serializer, and --generate-aggregate
+  options were used to request the generation of the parsing and 
+  serialization code. The --custom-parser option was used to customize
+  the people_pimpl parser implementation. The --custom-serializer
+  option was used to customize the people_simpl serializer 
+  implementation.
+
+people-custom-pimpl.hxx
+people-custom-pimpl.cxx
+  Custom people parser implementation. It uses the implementation
+  generated by the XSD/e compiler as a base and overrides the person()
+  callback to filter the records being parsed.
+
+people-custom-simpl.hxx
+people-custom-simpl.cxx
+  Custom people serializer implementation. It uses the implementation
+  generated by the XSD/e compiler as a base and overrides the 
+  person_next() callbacks to filter the records being serialized.
+
+driver.cxx
+  Driver for the example. It first sets the filter parameters on the
+  parser object and then calls it to construct the object model from
+  the input XML file. Only records matching the parser filter end up
+  in the object model. The driver then prints the content of the object
+  model to STDERR. Finally, the driver sets the filter parameters on
+  the serializer object and calls it to serialize the object model back
+  to XML. Only records matching the serializer filter end up in the
+  resulting XML.
+
+To run the example on the sample XML instance document simply execute:
+
+$ ./driver people.xml
+
+The example reads from STDIN if input file is not specified:
+
+$ ./driver <people.xml
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/filter/driver.cxx b/examples/cxx/hybrid/filter/driver.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9bc9f64
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/filter/driver.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/filter/driver.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#include <memory>   // std::auto_ptr
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "people.hxx"
+
+#include "people-pimpl.hxx"
+#include "people-simpl.hxx"
+
+using namespace std;
+
+int
+main (int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+  const char* input;
+
+  if (argc < 2)
+  {
+    input = "STDIN";
+    cerr << "XML file not specified, reading from STDIN" << endl;
+  }
+  else
+    input = argv[1];
+
+  try
+  {
+    // Parse.
+    //
+    people_paggr people_p;
+    people_pimpl& root_p = people_p.root_parser ();
+
+    // Initialize the filter.
+    //
+    root_p.age_filter (1, 30);
+
+    xml_schema::document_pimpl doc_p (root_p, people_p.root_name ());
+
+    people_p.pre ();
+
+    if (argc < 2)
+      doc_p.parse (cin);
+    else
+      doc_p.parse (argv[1]);
+
+    auto_ptr<people> ppl (people_p.post ());
+
+    // Print what we've got.
+    //
+    people::person_sequence& ps = ppl->person ();
+
+    for (people::person_iterator i = ps.begin (); i != ps.end (); ++i)
+    {
+      cerr << "first:  " << i->first_name () << endl
+           << "last:   " << i->last_name () << endl
+           << "gender: " << i->gender () << endl
+           << "age:    " << i->age () << endl
+           << endl;
+    }
+
+    // Serialize.
+    //
+    people_saggr people_s;
+    people_simpl& root_s = people_s.root_serializer ();
+
+    // Initialize the filter.
+    //
+    gender g;
+    g.assign ("female");
+    root_s.gender_filter (g);
+
+    xml_schema::document_simpl doc_s (root_s, people_s.root_name ());
+
+    people_s.pre (*ppl);
+    doc_s.serialize (cout);
+    people_s.post ();
+  }
+  catch (const xml_schema::parser_exception& e)
+  {
+    cerr << input << ":" << e.line () << ":" << e.column () << ": "
+         << e.text () << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+  catch (const xml_schema::serializer_exception& e)
+  {
+    cerr << "error: " << e.text () << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+  catch (const std::ios_base::failure&)
+  {
+    cerr << input << ": unable to open or read/write failure" << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/filter/makefile b/examples/cxx/hybrid/filter/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4273a59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/filter/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+# file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/filter/makefile
+# author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+# copyright : Copyright (c) 2005-2009 Code Synthesis Tools CC
+# license   : GNU GPL v2 + exceptions; see accompanying LICENSE file
+
+include $(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))../../../../build/bootstrap.make
+
+xsd := people.xsd
+cxx := driver.cxx people-custom-pimpl.cxx people-custom-simpl.cxx
+
+obj := $(addprefix $(out_base)/,\
+$(cxx:.cxx=.o)       \
+$(xsd:.xsd=.o)       \
+$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.o) \
+$(xsd:.xsd=-pimpl.o) \
+$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.o) \
+$(xsd:.xsd=-simpl.o))
+
+dep := $(obj:.o=.o.d)
+
+xsde.l             := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l
+xsde.l.cpp-options := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l.cpp-options
+
+driver := $(out_base)/driver
+clean  := $(out_base)/.clean
+
+# Build.
+#
+$(driver): $(obj) $(xsde.l)
+
+$(obj) $(dep): $(xsde.l.cpp-options)
+
+gen := $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=.hxx)       \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=.cxx)       \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.hxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.cxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pimpl.hxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pimpl.cxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.hxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.cxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-simpl.hxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-simpl.cxx)
+
+$(gen): $(out_root)/xsde/xsde
+$(gen): xsde := $(out_root)/xsde/xsde
+$(gen): xsde_options += --generate-parser --generate-serializer \
+--generate-aggregate \
+--custom-parser people=people_base_pimpl/people-custom-pimpl.hxx \
+--custom-serializer people=people_base_simpl/people-custom-simpl.hxx
+
+$(call include-dep,$(dep))
+
+# Convenience alias for default target.
+#
+.PHONY: $(out_base)/
+$(out_base)/: $(driver)
+
+
+# Clean.
+#
+.PHONY: $(clean)
+
+$(clean): $(driver).o.clean                                \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(obj))                           \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(dep))                           \
+  $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(xsd:.xsd=.cxx.xsd.clean))
+
+
+# How to.
+#
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/o-e.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-o.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-d.make)
+$(call include,$(scf_root)/xsde/hybrid/xsd-cxx.make)
+
+
+# Dependencies.
+#
+$(call import,$(src_root)/xsde/makefile)
+$(call import,$(src_root)/libxsde/xsde/makefile)
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/filter/people-custom-pimpl.cxx b/examples/cxx/hybrid/filter/people-custom-pimpl.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e8a096f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/filter/people-custom-pimpl.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/filter/people-custom-pimpl.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+// Include people-pimpl.hxx (which includes people-custom-pimpl.hxx)
+// instead of people-custom-pimpl.hxx.
+//
+#include "people-pimpl.hxx"
+
+void people_pimpl::
+age_filter (unsigned short min, unsigned short max)
+{
+  min_age_ = min;
+  max_age_ = max;
+}
+
+void people_pimpl::
+person (const ::person& p)
+{
+  // Check if the age constraints are met.
+  //
+  unsigned short age = p.age ();
+
+  if (age >= min_age_ && age <= max_age_)
+    people_base_pimpl::person (p);
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/filter/people-custom-pimpl.hxx b/examples/cxx/hybrid/filter/people-custom-pimpl.hxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1856811
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/filter/people-custom-pimpl.hxx
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/filter/people-custom-pimpl.hxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#ifndef PEOPLE_CUSTOM_PIMPL_HXX
+#define PEOPLE_CUSTOM_PIMPL_HXX
+
+// Customized people parser implementation.
+//
+class people_pimpl: public people_base_pimpl
+{
+public:
+  void
+  age_filter (unsigned short min, unsigned short max);
+
+  virtual void
+  person (const ::person&);
+
+private:
+  unsigned short min_age_;
+  unsigned short max_age_;
+};
+
+#endif // PEOPLE_CUSTOM_PIMPL_HXX
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/filter/people-custom-simpl.cxx b/examples/cxx/hybrid/filter/people-custom-simpl.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3e7d9ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/filter/people-custom-simpl.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/filter/people-custom-simpl.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+// Include people-simpl.hxx (which includes people-custom-simpl.hxx)
+// instead of people-custom-simpl.hxx.
+//
+#include "people-simpl.hxx"
+
+void people_simpl::
+gender_filter (gender g)
+{
+  gender_ = g;
+}
+
+bool people_simpl::
+person_next ()
+{
+  // See if we have any more person records with the gender we
+  // are interested in.
+  //
+  people::person_const_iterator& i = people_base_simpl_state_.person_;
+  people::person_const_iterator& e = people_base_simpl_state_.person_end_;
+
+  for (; i != e; ++i)
+  {
+    if (i->gender () == gender_)
+      break;
+  }
+
+  return i != e;
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/filter/people-custom-simpl.hxx b/examples/cxx/hybrid/filter/people-custom-simpl.hxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c3df238
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/filter/people-custom-simpl.hxx
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/filter/people-custom-simpl.hxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#ifndef PEOPLE_CUSTOM_SIMPL_HXX
+#define PEOPLE_CUSTOM_SIMPL_HXX
+
+// Customized people serializer implementation.
+//
+class people_simpl: public people_base_simpl
+{
+public:
+  void
+  gender_filter (gender);
+
+  virtual bool
+  person_next ();
+
+private:
+  gender gender_;
+};
+
+#endif // PEOPLE_CUSTOM_SIMPL_HXX
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/filter/people.xml b/examples/cxx/hybrid/filter/people.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2a3fd11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/filter/people.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/filter/people.xml
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<people xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+        xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="people.xsd">
+
+  <person>
+    <first-name>John</first-name>
+    <last-name>Doe</last-name>
+    <gender>male</gender>
+    <age>32</age>
+  </person>
+
+  <person>
+    <first-name>Jane</first-name>
+    <last-name>Doe</last-name>
+    <gender>female</gender>
+    <age>28</age>
+  </person>
+
+  <person>
+    <first-name>Joe</first-name>
+    <last-name>Dirt</last-name>
+    <gender>male</gender>
+    <age>25</age>
+  </person>
+
+</people>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/filter/people.xsd b/examples/cxx/hybrid/filter/people.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bb6e5dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/filter/people.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/filter/people.xsd
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
+
+  <xsd:simpleType name="gender">
+    <xsd:restriction base="xsd:string">
+      <xsd:enumeration value="male"/>
+      <xsd:enumeration value="female"/>
+    </xsd:restriction>
+  </xsd:simpleType>
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="person">
+    <xsd:sequence>
+      <xsd:element name="first-name" type="xsd:string"/>
+      <xsd:element name="last-name" type="xsd:string"/>
+      <xsd:element name="gender" type="gender"/>
+      <xsd:element name="age" type="xsd:unsignedShort"/>
+    </xsd:sequence>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="people">
+    <xsd:sequence>
+      <xsd:element name="person" type="person" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xsd:sequence>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:element name="people" type="people"/>
+
+</xsd:schema>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/hello/README b/examples/cxx/hybrid/hello/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dd5a2bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/hello/README
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+This is a "Hello, world!" example that shows how to use the Embedded
+C++/Hybrid mapping to parse XML documents.
+
+The example consists of the following files:
+
+hello.xsd
+  XML Schema which describes "hello" instance documents.
+
+hello.xml
+  Sample XML instance document.
+
+hello.hxx
+hello.cxx
+
+hello-pskel.hxx
+hello-pskel.cxx
+hello-pimpl.hxx
+hello-pimpl.cxx
+  Object model (the first pair of files), parser skeletons (the
+  second pair) and parser implementations (the third pair). These
+  files are generated by the XSD/e compiler from hello.xsd. The
+  --generate-parser and --generate-aggregate options were used
+  to request the generation of the parsing code.
+
+driver.cxx
+  Driver for the example. It first calls the parser that
+  constructs the object model from the input XML file. It
+  then prints the content of the object model to STDERR.
+
+To run the example on the sample XML instance document simply
+execute:
+
+$ ./driver hello.xml
+
+The example reads from STDIN if input file is not specified:
+
+$ ./driver <hello.xml
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/hello/driver.cxx b/examples/cxx/hybrid/hello/driver.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ac99149
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/hello/driver.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/hello/driver.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "hello.hxx"
+#include "hello-pimpl.hxx"
+
+using namespace std;
+
+int
+main (int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+  const char* input;
+
+  if (argc < 2)
+  {
+    input = "STDIN";
+    cerr << "XML file not specified, reading from STDIN" << endl;
+  }
+  else
+    input = argv[1];
+
+  try
+  {
+    // Parse.
+    //
+    hello_paggr hello_p;
+
+    xml_schema::document_pimpl doc_p (hello_p.root_parser (),
+                                      hello_p.root_name ());
+    hello_p.pre ();
+
+    if (argc < 2)
+      doc_p.parse (cin);
+    else
+      doc_p.parse (argv[1]);
+
+    hello* h = hello_p.post ();
+
+    // Print what we've got.
+    //
+    for (hello::name_const_iterator i = h->name ().begin ();
+         i != h->name ().end ();
+         ++i)
+    {
+      cout << h->greeting () << ", " << *i << "!" << endl;
+    }
+
+    delete h;
+  }
+  catch (const xml_schema::parser_exception& e)
+  {
+    cerr << input << ":" << e.line () << ":" << e.column () << ": "
+         << e.text () << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+  catch (const std::ios_base::failure&)
+  {
+    cerr << input << ": unable to open or read failure" << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/hello/hello.xml b/examples/cxx/hybrid/hello/hello.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..32e70f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/hello/hello.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/hello/hello.xml
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<hello xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+       xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="hello.xsd">
+
+  <greeting>Hello</greeting>
+
+  <name>sun</name>
+  <name>moon</name>
+  <name>world</name>
+
+</hello>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/hello/hello.xsd b/examples/cxx/hybrid/hello/hello.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..66ea021
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/hello/hello.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/hello/hello.xsd
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="hello">
+    <xsd:sequence>
+      <xsd:element name="greeting" type="xsd:string"/>
+      <xsd:element name="name" type="xsd:string" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xsd:sequence>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:element name="hello" type="hello"/>
+
+</xsd:schema>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/hello/makefile b/examples/cxx/hybrid/hello/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b347837
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/hello/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+# file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/hello/makefile
+# author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+# copyright : Copyright (c) 2005-2009 Code Synthesis Tools CC
+# license   : GNU GPL v2 + exceptions; see accompanying LICENSE file
+
+include $(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))../../../../build/bootstrap.make
+
+xsd := hello.xsd
+cxx := driver.cxx
+
+obj := $(addprefix $(out_base)/,\
+$(cxx:.cxx=.o)       \
+$(xsd:.xsd=.o)       \
+$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.o) \
+$(xsd:.xsd=-pimpl.o))
+
+dep := $(obj:.o=.o.d)
+
+xsde.l             := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l
+xsde.l.cpp-options := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l.cpp-options
+
+driver := $(out_base)/driver
+clean  := $(out_base)/.clean
+
+# Build.
+#
+$(driver): $(obj) $(xsde.l)
+
+$(obj) $(dep): $(xsde.l.cpp-options)
+
+gen := $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=.hxx)       \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=.cxx)       \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.hxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.cxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pimpl.hxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pimpl.cxx)
+
+$(gen): $(out_root)/xsde/xsde
+$(gen): xsde := $(out_root)/xsde/xsde
+$(gen): xsde_options += --generate-parser --generate-aggregate
+
+$(call include-dep,$(dep))
+
+# Convenience alias for default target.
+#
+.PHONY: $(out_base)/
+$(out_base)/: $(driver)
+
+
+# Clean.
+#
+.PHONY: $(clean)
+
+$(clean): $(driver).o.clean                                \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(obj))                           \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(dep))                           \
+  $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(xsd:.xsd=.cxx.xsd.clean))
+
+
+# How to.
+#
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/o-e.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-o.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-d.make)
+$(call include,$(scf_root)/xsde/hybrid/xsd-cxx.make)
+
+
+# Dependencies.
+#
+$(call import,$(src_root)/xsde/makefile)
+$(call import,$(src_root)/libxsde/xsde/makefile)
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/library/README b/examples/cxx/hybrid/library/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b44c462
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/library/README
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+This example shows how to use the Embedded C++/Hybrid mapping to parse
+XML documents into an in-memory object model, modify this object model,
+and serialize it back to XML.
+
+The example consists of the following files:
+
+library.xsd
+  XML Schema which describes a library of books.
+
+library.xml
+  Sample XML instance document.
+
+library.hxx
+library.cxx
+
+library-pskel.hxx
+library-pskel.cxx
+library-pimpl.hxx
+library-pimpl.cxx
+
+library-pskel.hxx
+library-pskel.cxx
+library-pimpl.hxx
+library-pimpl.cxx
+  Object model (the first pair of files), parser skeletons (the
+  second pair), parser implementations (the third pair), serializer
+  skeletons (the fourth pair), and serializer implementations (the
+  fifth pair). These files are generated by the XSD/e compiler from
+  library.xsd. The --generate-parser, --generate-serializer, and 
+  --generate-aggregate options were used to request the generation
+  of the parsing and serialization code.
+
+driver.cxx
+  Driver for the example. It first calls the parser that constructs
+  the object model from the input XML file. It then prints the content
+  of the object model to STDERR. Finally, the driver modifies the
+  object model and calls the serializer to serialize it back to XML.
+
+To run the example on the sample XML instance document simply execute:
+
+$ ./driver library.xml
+
+The example reads from STDIN if input file is not specified:
+
+$ ./driver <library.xml
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/library/driver.cxx b/examples/cxx/hybrid/library/driver.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2bde50d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/library/driver.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/library/driver.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#include <memory>   // std::auto_ptr
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "library.hxx"
+
+#include "library-pimpl.hxx"
+#include "library-simpl.hxx"
+
+using namespace std;
+
+int
+main (int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+  const char* input;
+
+  if (argc < 2)
+  {
+    input = "STDIN";
+    cerr << "XML file not specified, reading from STDIN" << endl;
+  }
+  else
+    input = argv[1];
+
+  try
+  {
+    using namespace library;
+
+    // Parse.
+    //
+    catalog_paggr catalog_p;
+
+    xml_schema::document_pimpl doc_p (
+      catalog_p.root_parser (),
+      catalog_p.root_namespace (),
+      catalog_p.root_name ());
+
+    catalog_p.pre ();
+
+    if (argc < 2)
+      doc_p.parse (cin);
+    else
+      doc_p.parse (argv[1]);
+
+    auto_ptr<catalog> c (catalog_p.post ());
+
+    // Print what we've got.
+    //
+    catalog::book_sequence& books (c->book ());
+
+    for (catalog::book_const_iterator i = books.begin ();
+         i != books.end ();
+         ++i)
+    {
+      cerr << "ISBN         : " << i->isbn () << endl
+           << "Title        : " << i->title () << endl
+           << "Genre        : " << i->genre () << endl;
+
+      for (book::author_const_iterator j = i->author ().begin ();
+           j != i->author ().end ();
+           ++j)
+      {
+        cerr << "Author       : " << j->name () << endl;
+
+        xml_schema::date born (j->born ());
+
+        cerr << "  Born       : "
+             << born.year () << '-'
+             << born.month () << '-'
+             << born.day () << endl;
+
+        if (j->died_present ())
+        {
+          xml_schema::date died (j->died ());
+
+          cerr << "  Died       : "
+               << died.year () << '-'
+               << died.month () << '-'
+               << died.day () << endl;
+        }
+      }
+
+      cerr  << "Available    : " << i->available () << endl;
+    }
+
+    // Remove all unavailable books.
+    //
+    for (catalog::book_iterator j = books.begin (); j != books.end ();)
+    {
+      if (!j->available ())
+        j = books.erase (j);
+      else
+        ++j;
+    }
+
+    // Insert a new book.
+    //
+    {
+      auto_ptr<book> b (new book);
+      b->available (true);
+
+      isbn n;
+      n.base_value (679776443);
+      b->isbn (n);
+
+      title t;
+      t.assign ("Dead Souls");
+      b->title (t);
+
+      genre g;
+      g.assign ("philosophy");
+      b->genre (g);
+
+      author a;
+      a.name ("Nikolai Gogol");
+      a.born (xml_schema::date (1809, 3, 31));
+      b->author ().push_back (a);
+
+      books.insert (books.begin (), b.release ());
+    }
+
+    // Serialize.
+    //
+    catalog_saggr catalog_s;
+
+    xml_schema::document_simpl doc_s (
+      catalog_s.root_serializer (),
+      catalog_s.root_namespace (),
+      catalog_s.root_name ());
+
+    doc_s.add_prefix ("lib", "http://www.codesynthesis.com/library");
+    doc_s.add_schema ("http://www.codesynthesis.com/library", "library.xsd");
+
+    catalog_s.pre (*c);
+    doc_s.serialize (cout);
+    catalog_s.post ();
+  }
+  catch (const xml_schema::parser_exception& e)
+  {
+    cerr << input << ":" << e.line () << ":" << e.column () << ": "
+         << e.text () << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+  catch (const xml_schema::serializer_exception& e)
+  {
+    cerr << "error: " << e.text () << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+  catch (const std::ios_base::failure&)
+  {
+    cerr << input << ": unable to open or read/write failure" << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/library/library.xml b/examples/cxx/hybrid/library/library.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6c75d3c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/library/library.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/library/library.xml
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<lib:catalog xmlns:lib="http://www.codesynthesis.com/library"
+             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+	     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.codesynthesis.com/library library.xsd">
+
+  <book available="false">
+    <isbn>0679760806</isbn>
+    <title>The Master and Margarita</title>
+    <genre>fiction</genre>
+
+    <author>
+      <name>Mikhail Bulgakov</name>
+      <born>1891-05-15</born>
+      <died>1940-03-10</died>
+    </author>
+  </book>
+
+
+  <book available="true" >
+    <isbn>0679600841</isbn>
+    <title>War and Peace</title>
+    <genre>history</genre>
+
+    <author>
+      <name>Leo Tolstoy</name>
+      <born>1828-09-09</born>
+      <died>1910-11-20</died>
+    </author>
+  </book>
+
+
+  <book available="false">
+    <isbn>0679420290</isbn>
+    <title>Crime and Punishment</title>
+    <genre>philosophy</genre>
+
+    <author>
+      <name>Fyodor Dostoevsky</name>
+      <born>1821-11-11</born>
+      <died>1881-02-09</died>
+    </author>
+  </book>
+
+</lib:catalog>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/library/library.xsd b/examples/cxx/hybrid/library/library.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d276894
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/library/library.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/library/library.xsd
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
+            xmlns:lib="http://www.codesynthesis.com/library"
+            targetNamespace="http://www.codesynthesis.com/library">
+
+  <xsd:simpleType name="isbn">
+    <xsd:restriction base="xsd:unsignedInt"/>
+  </xsd:simpleType>
+
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="title">
+    <xsd:simpleContent>
+      <xsd:extension base="xsd:string">
+        <xsd:attribute name="lang" type="xsd:string"/>
+      </xsd:extension>
+    </xsd:simpleContent>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+
+  <xsd:simpleType name="genre">
+    <xsd:restriction base="xsd:string">
+      <xsd:enumeration value="romance"/>
+      <xsd:enumeration value="fiction"/>
+      <xsd:enumeration value="horror"/>
+      <xsd:enumeration value="history"/>
+      <xsd:enumeration value="philosophy"/>
+    </xsd:restriction>
+  </xsd:simpleType>
+
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="author">
+    <xsd:sequence>
+      <xsd:element name="name" type="xsd:string"/>
+      <xsd:element name="born" type="xsd:date"/>
+      <xsd:element name="died" type="xsd:date" minOccurs="0"/>
+    </xsd:sequence>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="book">
+    <xsd:sequence>
+      <xsd:element name="isbn" type="lib:isbn"/>
+      <xsd:element name="title" type="lib:title"/>
+      <xsd:element name="genre" type="lib:genre"/>
+      <xsd:element name="author" type="lib:author" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xsd:sequence>
+    <xsd:attribute name="available" type="xsd:boolean" use="required"/>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="catalog">
+    <xsd:sequence>
+      <xsd:element name="book" type="lib:book" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xsd:sequence>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+
+  <xsd:element name="catalog" type="lib:catalog"/>
+
+</xsd:schema>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/library/makefile b/examples/cxx/hybrid/library/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..91f6997
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/library/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+# file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/library/makefile
+# author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+# copyright : Copyright (c) 2005-2009 Code Synthesis Tools CC
+# license   : GNU GPL v2 + exceptions; see accompanying LICENSE file
+
+include $(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))../../../../build/bootstrap.make
+
+xsd := library.xsd
+cxx := driver.cxx
+
+obj := $(addprefix $(out_base)/,\
+$(cxx:.cxx=.o)       \
+$(xsd:.xsd=.o)       \
+$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.o) \
+$(xsd:.xsd=-pimpl.o) \
+$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.o) \
+$(xsd:.xsd=-simpl.o))
+
+dep := $(obj:.o=.o.d)
+
+xsde.l             := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l
+xsde.l.cpp-options := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l.cpp-options
+
+driver := $(out_base)/driver
+clean  := $(out_base)/.clean
+
+# Build.
+#
+$(driver): $(obj) $(xsde.l)
+
+$(obj) $(dep): $(xsde.l.cpp-options)
+
+gen := $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=.hxx)       \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=.cxx)       \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.hxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.cxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pimpl.hxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pimpl.cxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.hxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.cxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-simpl.hxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-simpl.cxx)
+
+$(gen): $(out_root)/xsde/xsde
+$(gen): xsde := $(out_root)/xsde/xsde
+$(gen): xsde_options += --generate-parser --generate-serializer \
+--generate-aggregate
+
+$(call include-dep,$(dep))
+
+# Convenience alias for default target.
+#
+.PHONY: $(out_base)/
+$(out_base)/: $(driver)
+
+
+# Clean.
+#
+.PHONY: $(clean)
+
+$(clean): $(driver).o.clean                                \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(obj))                           \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(dep))                           \
+  $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(xsd:.xsd=.cxx.xsd.clean))
+
+
+# How to.
+#
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/o-e.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-o.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-d.make)
+$(call include,$(scf_root)/xsde/hybrid/xsd-cxx.make)
+
+
+# Dependencies.
+#
+$(call import,$(src_root)/xsde/makefile)
+$(call import,$(src_root)/libxsde/xsde/makefile)
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/makefile b/examples/cxx/hybrid/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d3f0729
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+# file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/makefile
+# author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+# copyright : Copyright (c) 2006-2009 Code Synthesis Tools CC
+# license   : GNU GPL v2 + exceptions; see accompanying LICENSE file
+
+include $(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))../../../build/bootstrap.make
+
+examples := compositors
+
+ifeq ($(xsde_iostream),y)
+ifeq ($(xsde_exceptions),y)
+
+examples += hello multiroot streaming
+
+ifeq ($(xsde_stl),y)
+examples += library wildcard filter
+endif
+
+endif
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(xsde_stl),n)
+ifeq ($(xsde_exceptions),n)
+examples += minimal
+endif
+endif
+
+default   := $(out_base)/
+clean     := $(out_base)/.clean
+
+.PHONY: $(default) $(clean)
+
+$(default): $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(addsuffix /,$(examples)))
+$(clean): $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(addsuffix /.clean,$(examples)))
+
+$(foreach e,$(examples),$(call import,$(src_base)/$e/makefile))
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/minimal/README b/examples/cxx/hybrid/minimal/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bba2467
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/minimal/README
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+This example shows how to perform parsing and serialization as well as
+use the object model when the Embedded C++/Hybrid mapping is configured
+without support for STL, iostream, or C++ exceptions.
+
+The example consists of the following files:
+
+people.xsd
+  XML Schema which describes a collection of person records.
+
+people.xml
+  Sample XML instance document.
+
+people.hxx
+people.cxx
+
+people-pskel.hxx
+people-pskel.cxx
+people-pimpl.hxx
+people-pimpl.cxx
+
+people-pskel.hxx
+people-pskel.cxx
+people-pimpl.hxx
+people-pimpl.cxx
+  Object model (the first pair of files), parser skeletons (the second
+  pair), parser implementations (the third pair), serializer skeletons
+  (the fourth pair), and serializer implementations (the fifth pair).
+  These files are generated by the XSD/e compiler from people.xsd. The
+  --generate-parser, --generate-serializer, --generate-aggregate, 
+  --no-stl, --no-iostream, and --no-exceptions options were used to
+  request the generation of the parsing and  serialization code as well
+  as to disable the use of STL, iostream, and C++ exceptions.
+
+driver.cxx
+  Driver for the example. It first calls the parser that constructs the
+  object model from the input XML file. It then prints the content of
+  the object model to STDERR. Finally, the driver modifies the object
+  model and calls the serializer to serialize it back to XML.
+
+To run the example on the sample XML instance document simply execute:
+
+$ ./driver people.xml
+
+The example reads from STDIN if input file is not specified:
+
+$ ./driver <people.xml
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/minimal/driver.cxx b/examples/cxx/hybrid/minimal/driver.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e876b6f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/minimal/driver.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,265 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/minimal/driver.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#include "people.hxx"
+
+#include "people-pimpl.hxx"
+#include "people-simpl.hxx"
+
+using namespace std;
+
+// eVC++ 4.0 does not like using xml_schema::strdupx;
+//
+inline char*
+strdupx (const char* s)
+{
+  return xml_schema::strdupx (s);
+}
+
+struct writer: xml_schema::writer
+{
+  virtual bool
+  write (const char* s, size_t n)
+  {
+    return fwrite (s, n, 1, stdout) == 1;
+  }
+
+  virtual bool
+  flush ()
+  {
+    return fflush (stdout) == 0;
+  }
+};
+
+int
+main (int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+  const char* input;
+
+  if (argc < 2)
+  {
+    input = "STDIN";
+    fprintf (stderr, "XML file not specified, reading from STDIN\n");
+  }
+  else
+    input = argv[1];
+
+  // Open the file or use STDIN.
+  //
+  FILE* f = argc > 1 ? fopen (argv[1], "rb") : stdin;
+
+  if (f == 0)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "%s: unable to open\n", input);
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  // Parse.
+  //
+  using xml_schema::parser_error;
+
+  parser_error pe;
+  bool io_error = false;
+  people* ppl = 0;
+
+  do
+  {
+    people_paggr people_p;
+    xml_schema::document_pimpl doc_p (people_p.root_parser (),
+                                      people_p.root_name ());
+
+    if (pe = doc_p._error ())
+      break;
+
+    people_p.pre ();
+
+    if (pe = people_p._error ())
+      break;
+
+    char buf[4096];
+
+    do
+    {
+      size_t s = fread (buf, 1, sizeof (buf), f);
+
+      if (s != sizeof (buf) && ferror (f))
+      {
+        io_error = true;
+        break;
+      }
+
+      doc_p.parse (buf, s, feof (f) != 0);
+      pe = doc_p._error ();
+
+    } while (!pe && !feof (f));
+
+    if (io_error || pe)
+      break;
+
+    ppl = people_p.post ();
+
+    pe = people_p._error ();
+
+  } while (false);
+
+  if (argc > 1)
+    fclose (f);
+
+  // Handle parsing errors.
+  //
+  if (io_error)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "%s: read failure\n", input);
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  if (pe)
+  {
+    switch (pe.type ())
+    {
+    case parser_error::sys:
+      {
+        fprintf (stderr, "%s: %s\n", input, pe.sys_text ());
+        break;
+      }
+    case parser_error::xml:
+      {
+        fprintf (stderr, "%s:%lu:%lu: %s\n",
+                 input, pe.line (), pe.column (), pe.xml_text ());
+        break;
+      }
+#ifdef XSDE_PARSER_VALIDATION
+    case parser_error::schema:
+      {
+        fprintf (stderr, "%s:%lu:%lu: %s\n",
+                 input, pe.line (), pe.column (), pe.schema_text ());
+        break;
+      }
+#endif
+    case parser_error::app:
+      {
+        fprintf (stderr, "%s:%lu:%lu: application error %d\n",
+                 input, pe.line (), pe.column (), pe.app_code ());
+        break;
+      }
+    default:
+      break;
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  // Print what we've got.
+  //
+  people::person_sequence& ps = ppl->person ();
+
+  for (people::person_const_iterator i = ps.begin (); i != ps.end (); ++i)
+  {
+    printf ("first: %s\n" "last: %s\n" "gender: %s\n" "age: %hu\n\n",
+            i->first_name (),
+            i->last_name (),
+            i->gender ().base_value (),
+            i->age ());
+  }
+
+  // Remove people that are younger than 30.
+  //
+  for (people::person_iterator j = ps.begin (); j != ps.end ();)
+  {
+    if (j->age () < 30)
+      j = ps.erase (j);
+    else
+      ++j;
+  }
+
+  // Insert a new person.
+  //
+  {
+    person* p = new person;
+    p->first_name (strdupx ("Joe"));
+    p->last_name (strdupx ("Dirt"));
+    p->age (36);
+
+    gender* g = new gender;
+    g->base_value (strdupx ("male"));
+    p->gender (g);
+
+    ps.insert (ps.begin (), p);
+  }
+
+  // Serialize.
+  //
+  using xml_schema::serializer_error;
+
+  serializer_error se;
+  writer w;
+
+  do
+  {
+    people_saggr people_s;
+    xml_schema::document_simpl doc_s (people_s.root_serializer (),
+                                      people_s.root_name ());
+
+    doc_s.add_no_namespace_schema ("people.xsd");
+
+    if (se = doc_s._error ())
+      break;
+
+    people_s.pre (*ppl);
+
+    if (se = people_s._error ())
+      break;
+
+    doc_s.serialize (w);
+
+    if (se = doc_s._error ())
+      break;
+
+    people_s.post ();
+
+    se = people_s._error ();
+
+  } while (false);
+
+  delete ppl;
+
+  // Handle serializer errors.
+  //
+  if (se)
+  {
+    switch (se.type ())
+    {
+    case serializer_error::sys:
+      {
+        fprintf (stderr, "error: %s\n", se.sys_text ());
+        break;
+      }
+    case serializer_error::xml:
+      {
+        fprintf (stderr, "error: %s\n", se.xml_text ());
+        break;
+      }
+#ifdef XSDE_SERIALIZER_VALIDATION
+    case serializer_error::schema:
+      {
+        fprintf (stderr, "error: %s\n", se.schema_text ());
+        break;
+      }
+#endif
+    case serializer_error::app:
+      {
+        fprintf (stderr, "application error: %d\n", se.app_code ());
+        break;
+      }
+    default:
+      break;
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/minimal/makefile b/examples/cxx/hybrid/minimal/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3401af6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/minimal/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+# file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/minimal/makefile
+# author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+# copyright : Copyright (c) 2005-2009 Code Synthesis Tools CC
+# license   : GNU GPL v2 + exceptions; see accompanying LICENSE file
+
+include $(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))../../../../build/bootstrap.make
+
+xsd := people.xsd
+cxx := driver.cxx
+
+obj := $(addprefix $(out_base)/,\
+$(cxx:.cxx=.o)       \
+$(xsd:.xsd=.o)       \
+$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.o) \
+$(xsd:.xsd=-pimpl.o) \
+$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.o) \
+$(xsd:.xsd=-simpl.o))
+
+dep := $(obj:.o=.o.d)
+
+xsde.l             := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l
+xsde.l.cpp-options := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l.cpp-options
+
+driver := $(out_base)/driver
+clean  := $(out_base)/.clean
+
+# Build.
+#
+$(driver): $(obj) $(xsde.l)
+
+$(obj) $(dep): $(xsde.l.cpp-options)
+
+gen := $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=.hxx)       \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=.cxx)       \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.hxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.cxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pimpl.hxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pimpl.cxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.hxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.cxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-simpl.hxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-simpl.cxx)
+
+$(gen): $(out_root)/xsde/xsde
+$(gen): xsde := $(out_root)/xsde/xsde
+$(gen): xsde_options += --generate-parser --generate-serializer \
+--generate-aggregate
+
+$(call include-dep,$(dep))
+
+# Convenience alias for default target.
+#
+.PHONY: $(out_base)/
+$(out_base)/: $(driver)
+
+
+# Clean.
+#
+.PHONY: $(clean)
+
+$(clean): $(driver).o.clean                                \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(obj))                           \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(dep))                           \
+  $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(xsd:.xsd=.cxx.xsd.clean))
+
+
+# How to.
+#
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/o-e.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-o.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-d.make)
+$(call include,$(scf_root)/xsde/hybrid/xsd-cxx.make)
+
+
+# Dependencies.
+#
+$(call import,$(src_root)/xsde/makefile)
+$(call import,$(src_root)/libxsde/xsde/makefile)
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/minimal/people.xml b/examples/cxx/hybrid/minimal/people.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..83f71cf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/minimal/people.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/minimal/people.xml
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<people xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+        xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="people.xsd">
+
+  <person>
+    <first-name>John</first-name>
+    <last-name>Doe</last-name>
+    <gender>male</gender>
+    <age>32</age>
+  </person>
+
+  <person>
+    <first-name>Jane</first-name>
+    <last-name>Doe</last-name>
+    <gender>female</gender>
+    <age>28</age>
+  </person>
+
+</people>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/minimal/people.xsd b/examples/cxx/hybrid/minimal/people.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d5c2995
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/minimal/people.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/minimal/people.xsd
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
+
+  <xsd:simpleType name="gender">
+    <xsd:restriction base="xsd:string">
+      <xsd:enumeration value="male"/>
+      <xsd:enumeration value="female"/>
+    </xsd:restriction>
+  </xsd:simpleType>
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="person">
+    <xsd:sequence>
+      <xsd:element name="first-name" type="xsd:string"/>
+      <xsd:element name="last-name" type="xsd:string"/>
+      <xsd:element name="gender" type="gender"/>
+      <xsd:element name="age" type="xsd:unsignedShort"/>
+    </xsd:sequence>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="people">
+    <xsd:sequence>
+      <xsd:element name="person" type="person" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xsd:sequence>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:element name="people" type="people"/>
+
+</xsd:schema>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/multiroot/README b/examples/cxx/hybrid/multiroot/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3a7cfae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/multiroot/README
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+This example shows how to parse XML vocabularies with multiple root
+elements using the Embedded C++/Hybrid mapping.
+
+The example consists of the following files:
+
+protocol.xsd
+  XML Schema which defines a simple bank account protocol with
+  requests such as withdraw and deposit.
+
+balance.xml
+withdraw.xml
+deposit.xml
+  Sample XML instances for the protocol requests.
+
+protocol.hxx
+protocol.cxx
+
+protocol-pskel.hxx
+protocol-pskel.cxx
+protocol-pimpl.hxx
+protocol-pimpl.cxx
+  Object model (the first pair of files), parser skeletons (the
+  second pair) and parser implementations (the third pair). These
+  files are generated by the XSD/e compiler from protocol.xsd. The
+  --generate-parser and --generate-aggregate options were used to
+  request the generation of the parsing code.
+
+driver.cxx
+  Driver for the example. It implements a custom document parser
+  that determines which request is being parsed and uses the
+  corresponding parser implementation. The document parser
+  intentionally does not support the deposit request to show how
+  to handle unknown documents. The driver first calls the parser
+  that constructs the object model from the input XML file. It
+  then prints the content of the object model to STDERR.
+
+To run the example on the sample XML request documents simply
+execute:
+
+$ ./driver balance.xml
+$ ./driver withdraw.xml
+$ ./driver deposit.xml
+
+The example reads from STDIN if input file is not specified:
+
+$ ./driver <balance.xml
+$ ./driver <withdraw.xml
+$ ./driver <deposit.xml
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/multiroot/balance.xml b/examples/cxx/hybrid/multiroot/balance.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9cffa83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/multiroot/balance.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/multiroot/balance.xml
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<p:balance xmlns:p="http://www.codesynthesis.com/protocol"
+           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+	   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.codesynthesis.com/protocol protocol.xsd">
+
+  <account>123456789</account>
+
+</p:balance>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/multiroot/deposit.xml b/examples/cxx/hybrid/multiroot/deposit.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6b5ed30
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/multiroot/deposit.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/multiroot/deposit.xml
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<p:deposit xmlns:p="http://www.codesynthesis.com/protocol"
+           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+	   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.codesynthesis.com/protocol protocol.xsd">
+
+  <account>123456789</account>
+  <amount>1000000</amount>
+
+</p:deposit>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/multiroot/driver.cxx b/examples/cxx/hybrid/multiroot/driver.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5611222
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/multiroot/driver.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/multiroot/driver.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "protocol.hxx"
+#include "protocol-pimpl.hxx"
+
+using namespace std;
+using xml_schema::ro_string;
+
+namespace protocol
+{
+  // We are going to use our own "type ids" for the request types.
+  //
+  enum request_type
+  {
+    unknown_type,
+    balance_type,
+    withdraw_type
+  };
+
+  // Customize the xml_schema::document_pimpl object to handle our protocol
+  // vocabulary with multiple root elements.
+  //
+  class document_pimpl: public xml_schema::document_pimpl
+  {
+  public:
+    document_pimpl ()
+        : result_type_ (unknown_type)
+    {
+    }
+
+    request_type
+    result_type () const
+    {
+      return result_type_;
+    }
+
+    protocol::balance
+    balance () const
+    {
+      return balance_;
+    }
+
+    protocol::withdraw
+    withdraw () const
+    {
+      return withdraw_;
+    }
+
+  protected:
+    // This function is called to obtain the root element type parser.
+    // If the returned pointed is 0 then the whole document content
+    // is ignored. Note that the signature of this function varies
+    // depending on whether the runtime was built with polymorphism
+    // support.
+    //
+    virtual xml_schema::parser_base*
+#ifndef XSDE_POLYMORPHIC
+    start_root_element (const ro_string& ns,
+                        const ro_string& name)
+#else
+    start_root_element (const ro_string& ns,
+                        const ro_string& name,
+                        const char* /* xsi:type */)
+#endif
+    {
+      if (ns == "http://www.codesynthesis.com/protocol")
+      {
+        if (name == balance_p_.root_name ())
+        {
+          balance_p_.pre ();
+          return &balance_p_.root_parser ();
+        }
+        else if (name == "withdraw")
+        {
+          balance_p_.pre ();
+          return &withdraw_p_.root_parser ();
+        }
+
+        // Ignore unknown request.
+        //
+        return 0;
+      }
+      else
+      {
+        // This document is from the wrong namespace. If the runtime and
+        // the generated code are built with validation enabled then we
+        // can set an XML Schema error. Otherwise, we ignore it.
+        //
+#ifdef XSDE_PARSER_VALIDATION
+        context_.schema_error (
+          xml_schema::parser_schema_error::unexpected_element);
+#endif
+        return 0;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // This function is called to indicate the completion of document
+    // parsing. The parser argument contains the pointer returned by
+    // start_root_element.
+    //
+    virtual void
+    end_root_element (const ro_string& /* ns */,
+                      const ro_string& /* name */,
+                      xml_schema::parser_base* parser)
+    {
+      // We could have handled the result directly in this function
+      // instead of storing it in the result variables.
+      //
+      if (parser == &balance_p_.root_parser ())
+      {
+        result_type_ = balance_type;
+        balance_ = balance_p_.post ();
+      }
+      else if (parser == &withdraw_p_.root_parser ())
+      {
+        result_type_ = withdraw_type;
+        withdraw_ = withdraw_p_.post ();
+      }
+      else
+        result_type_ = unknown_type;
+    }
+
+
+  public:
+    // If we need to be able to reset and reuse the parser after
+    // an error then we also need to override reset() and reset
+    // the root parsers. We can also get smarter here by caching
+    // the parser that was used last and only reset that. Note
+    // that you always need to call _reset() from the base.
+    //
+    virtual void
+    reset ()
+    {
+      xml_schema::document_pimpl::reset ();
+
+      balance_p_.reset ();
+      withdraw_p_.reset ();
+    }
+
+  private:
+    // Result.
+    //
+    request_type result_type_;
+    protocol::balance balance_;
+    protocol::withdraw withdraw_;
+
+    // Parsers for various root elements.
+    //
+    balance_paggr balance_p_;
+    withdraw_paggr withdraw_p_;
+  };
+}
+
+int
+main (int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+  const char* input;
+
+  if (argc < 2)
+  {
+    input = "STDIN";
+    cerr << "XML file not specified, reading from STDIN" << endl;
+  }
+  else
+    input = argv[1];
+
+  try
+  {
+    using namespace protocol;
+
+    // Parse.
+    //
+    document_pimpl doc_p;
+
+    // pre() and post() are called as part of the start_root_element()
+    // and end_root_element() calls.
+    //
+    if (argc < 2)
+      doc_p.parse (std::cin);
+    else
+      doc_p.parse (argv[1]);
+
+    // Print what we've got.
+    //
+    switch (doc_p.result_type ())
+    {
+    case balance_type:
+      {
+        balance b (doc_p.balance ());
+        cerr << "balance request for acc# " << b.account () << endl;
+        break;
+      }
+    case withdraw_type:
+      {
+        withdraw w (doc_p.withdraw ());
+        cerr << "withdrawal request for acc# " << w.account () << ", "
+             << "amount: " << w.amount () << endl;
+        break;
+      }
+    case unknown_type:
+      {
+        cerr << "unknown request" << endl;
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  catch (const xml_schema::parser_exception& e)
+  {
+    cerr << input << ":" << e.line () << ":" << e.column () << ": "
+         << e.text () << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+  catch (const std::ios_base::failure&)
+  {
+    cerr << input << ": unable to open or read failure" << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/multiroot/makefile b/examples/cxx/hybrid/multiroot/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1426d38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/multiroot/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+# file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/multiroot/makefile
+# author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+# copyright : Copyright (c) 2005-2009 Code Synthesis Tools CC
+# license   : GNU GPL v2 + exceptions; see accompanying LICENSE file
+
+include $(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))../../../../build/bootstrap.make
+
+xsd := protocol.xsd
+cxx := driver.cxx
+
+obj := $(addprefix $(out_base)/,\
+$(cxx:.cxx=.o)       \
+$(xsd:.xsd=.o)       \
+$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.o) \
+$(xsd:.xsd=-pimpl.o))
+
+dep := $(obj:.o=.o.d)
+
+xsde.l             := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l
+xsde.l.cpp-options := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l.cpp-options
+
+driver := $(out_base)/driver
+clean  := $(out_base)/.clean
+
+# Build.
+#
+$(driver): $(obj) $(xsde.l)
+
+$(obj) $(dep): $(xsde.l.cpp-options)
+
+gen := $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=.hxx)       \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=.cxx)       \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.hxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.cxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pimpl.hxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pimpl.cxx)
+
+$(gen): $(out_root)/xsde/xsde
+$(gen): xsde := $(out_root)/xsde/xsde
+$(gen): xsde_options += --generate-parser --generate-aggregate \
+--root-element-all
+
+$(call include-dep,$(dep))
+
+# Convenience alias for default target.
+#
+.PHONY: $(out_base)/
+$(out_base)/: $(driver)
+
+
+# Clean.
+#
+.PHONY: $(clean)
+
+$(clean): $(driver).o.clean                                \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(obj))                           \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(dep))                           \
+  $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(xsd:.xsd=.cxx.xsd.clean))
+
+
+# How to.
+#
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/o-e.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-o.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-d.make)
+$(call include,$(scf_root)/xsde/hybrid/xsd-cxx.make)
+
+
+# Dependencies.
+#
+$(call import,$(src_root)/xsde/makefile)
+$(call import,$(src_root)/libxsde/xsde/makefile)
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/multiroot/protocol.xsd b/examples/cxx/hybrid/multiroot/protocol.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..78a275d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/multiroot/protocol.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/multiroot/protocol.xsd
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
+            xmlns:p="http://www.codesynthesis.com/protocol"
+            targetNamespace="http://www.codesynthesis.com/protocol">
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="request">
+    <xsd:sequence>
+      <xsd:element name="account" type="xsd:unsignedInt"/>
+    </xsd:sequence>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="balance">
+    <xsd:complexContent>
+      <xsd:extension base="p:request"/>
+    </xsd:complexContent>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="withdraw">
+    <xsd:complexContent>
+      <xsd:extension base="p:request">
+        <xsd:sequence>
+          <xsd:element name="amount" type="xsd:unsignedInt"/>
+        </xsd:sequence>
+      </xsd:extension>
+    </xsd:complexContent>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="deposit">
+    <xsd:complexContent>
+      <xsd:extension base="p:request">
+        <xsd:sequence>
+          <xsd:element name="amount" type="xsd:unsignedInt"/>
+        </xsd:sequence>
+      </xsd:extension>
+    </xsd:complexContent>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:element name="balance" type="p:balance"/>
+  <xsd:element name="withdraw" type="p:withdraw"/>
+  <xsd:element name="deposit" type="p:deposit"/>
+
+</xsd:schema>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/multiroot/withdraw.xml b/examples/cxx/hybrid/multiroot/withdraw.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..36c7d6c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/multiroot/withdraw.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/multiroot/withdraw.xml
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<p:withdraw xmlns:p="http://www.codesynthesis.com/protocol"
+            xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+	    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.codesynthesis.com/protocol protocol.xsd">
+
+  <account>123456789</account>
+  <amount>1000000</amount>
+
+</p:withdraw>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/streaming/README b/examples/cxx/hybrid/streaming/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..216c370
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/streaming/README
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+This example shows how to perform partially event-driven, partially in-
+memory processing using the Embedded C++/Hybrid mapping. With partially
+event-driven parsing and serialization we can process parts of the
+document as they become available as well as handle documents that
+are too large to fit into memory.
+
+This example uses the parser and serializer customization mechanisms
+provided by the C++/Hybrid mapping. For more information, see Section
+4.8, "Customizing the Object Model" and Section 6.1, "Customizing
+Parsers and Serializers" in the Embedded C++/Hybrid Mapping Getting
+Started Guide.
+
+The example consists of the following files:
+
+position.xsd
+  XML Schema which describes a simple object position vocabulary.
+  The position is represented as a potentially large series of
+  latitude/longitude measurements.
+
+position.xml
+  Sample object position document.
+
+position.hxx
+position.cxx
+
+position-pskel.hxx
+position-pskel.cxx
+position-pimpl.hxx
+position-pimpl.cxx
+
+position-pskel.hxx
+position-pskel.cxx
+position-pimpl.hxx
+position-pimpl.cxx
+  Object model (the first pair of files), parser skeletons (the
+  second pair), parser implementations (the third pair), serializer
+  skeletons (the fourth pair), and serializer implementations (the
+  fifth pair). These files are generated by the XSD/e compiler from
+  position.xsd. The --generate-parser, --generate-serializer, and 
+  --generate-aggregate options were used to request the generation
+  of the parsing and serialization code. The --custom-parser option
+  was used to customize the object_pimpl parser implementation. The 
+  --custom-serializer option was used to customize the object_simpl
+  serializer implementation.
+
+object-pimpl.hxx
+object-pimpl.cxx
+  Custom object parser implementation. It calculates the average
+  latitude and longitude values as position measurements become
+  available. At the end it prints the object position based on
+  these calculations. 
+
+object-simpl.hxx
+object-simpl.cxx
+  Custom object serializer implementation. It performs a number of
+  measurements of the object position and serializes them as they
+  become available.
+
+driver.cxx
+  Driver for the example. It first calls the parser that calculates
+  and prints the object position without constructing the object 
+  model. It then serializes a new set of measurements which are
+  taken as serialization progresses.
+
+To run the example on the sample XML instance document simply execute:
+
+$ ./driver position.xml
+
+The example reads from STDIN if input file is not specified:
+
+$ ./driver <position.xml
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/streaming/driver.cxx b/examples/cxx/hybrid/streaming/driver.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ab2cd3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/streaming/driver.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/streaming/driver.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "position.hxx"
+
+#include "position-pimpl.hxx"
+#include "position-simpl.hxx"
+
+using namespace std;
+
+int
+main (int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+  const char* input;
+
+  if (argc < 2)
+  {
+    input = "STDIN";
+    cerr << "XML file not specified, reading from STDIN" << endl;
+  }
+  else
+    input = argv[1];
+
+  try
+  {
+    // Parse.
+    //
+    object_paggr object_p;
+
+    xml_schema::document_pimpl doc_p (
+      object_p.root_parser (),
+      object_p.root_name ());
+
+    object_p.pre ();
+
+    if (argc < 2)
+      doc_p.parse (cin);
+    else
+      doc_p.parse (argv[1]);
+
+    object_p.post (); // Ignore the NULL return value.
+
+    // Serialize.
+    //
+    object_saggr object_s;
+
+    xml_schema::document_simpl doc_s (
+      object_s.root_serializer (),
+      object_s.root_name ());
+
+    // Create an object instance. Its only purpose is to carry the
+    // object id. The position measurements will be supplied directly
+    // by the custom serializer.
+    //
+    object obj;
+    obj.id (456);
+
+    object_s.pre (obj);
+    doc_s.serialize (cout);
+    object_s.post ();
+  }
+  catch (const xml_schema::parser_exception& e)
+  {
+    cerr << input << ":" << e.line () << ":" << e.column () << ": "
+         << e.text () << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+  catch (const xml_schema::serializer_exception& e)
+  {
+    cerr << "error: " << e.text () << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+  catch (const std::ios_base::failure&)
+  {
+    cerr << input << ": unable to open or read/write failure" << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/streaming/makefile b/examples/cxx/hybrid/streaming/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9fbedb3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/streaming/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+# file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/streaming/makefile
+# author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+# copyright : Copyright (c) 2005-2009 Code Synthesis Tools CC
+# license   : GNU GPL v2 + exceptions; see accompanying LICENSE file
+
+include $(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))../../../../build/bootstrap.make
+
+xsd := position.xsd
+cxx := driver.cxx object-pimpl.cxx object-simpl.cxx
+
+obj := $(addprefix $(out_base)/,\
+$(cxx:.cxx=.o)       \
+$(xsd:.xsd=.o)       \
+$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.o) \
+$(xsd:.xsd=-pimpl.o) \
+$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.o) \
+$(xsd:.xsd=-simpl.o))
+
+dep := $(obj:.o=.o.d)
+
+xsde.l             := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l
+xsde.l.cpp-options := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l.cpp-options
+
+driver := $(out_base)/driver
+clean  := $(out_base)/.clean
+
+# Build.
+#
+$(driver): $(obj) $(xsde.l)
+
+$(obj) $(dep): $(xsde.l.cpp-options)
+
+gen := $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=.hxx)       \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=.cxx)       \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.hxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.cxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pimpl.hxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pimpl.cxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.hxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.cxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-simpl.hxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-simpl.cxx)
+
+$(gen): $(out_root)/xsde/xsde
+$(gen): xsde := $(out_root)/xsde/xsde
+$(gen): xsde_options += --generate-parser --generate-serializer \
+--generate-aggregate --custom-parser object=/object-pimpl.hxx \
+--custom-serializer object=/object-simpl.hxx
+
+$(call include-dep,$(dep))
+
+# Convenience alias for default target.
+#
+.PHONY: $(out_base)/
+$(out_base)/: $(driver)
+
+
+# Clean.
+#
+.PHONY: $(clean)
+
+$(clean): $(driver).o.clean                                \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(obj))                           \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(dep))                           \
+  $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(xsd:.xsd=.cxx.xsd.clean))
+
+
+# How to.
+#
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/o-e.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-o.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-d.make)
+$(call include,$(scf_root)/xsde/hybrid/xsd-cxx.make)
+
+
+# Dependencies.
+#
+$(call import,$(src_root)/xsde/makefile)
+$(call import,$(src_root)/libxsde/xsde/makefile)
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/streaming/object-pimpl.cxx b/examples/cxx/hybrid/streaming/object-pimpl.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3f45c79
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/streaming/object-pimpl.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/streaming/object-pimpl.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+// Include position-pimpl.hxx (which includes object-pimpl.hxx)
+// instead of object-pimpl.hxx.
+//
+#include "position-pimpl.hxx"
+
+using namespace std;
+
+void object_pimpl::
+pre ()
+{
+  // Initialize the variables.
+  //
+  count_ = 0;
+  avg_lat_ = 0.0;
+  avg_lon_ = 0.0;
+}
+
+void object_pimpl::
+id (unsigned int id)
+{
+  id_ = id;
+}
+
+void object_pimpl::
+position (const ::position& p)
+{
+  count_++;
+  avg_lat_ += p.lat ();
+  avg_lon_ += p.lon ();
+}
+
+object* object_pimpl::
+post_object ()
+{
+  avg_lat_ /= count_;
+  avg_lon_ /= count_;
+
+  cerr << "object " << id_ << ": " << avg_lat_ << " " << avg_lon_ << endl;
+
+  return 0; // We don't construct the object so return NULL.
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/streaming/object-pimpl.hxx b/examples/cxx/hybrid/streaming/object-pimpl.hxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8d59063
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/streaming/object-pimpl.hxx
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/streaming/object-pimpl.hxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#ifndef OBJECT_PIMPL_HXX
+#define OBJECT_PIMPL_HXX
+
+// Customized object parser implementation.
+//
+class object_pimpl: public object_pskel
+{
+public:
+  virtual void
+  pre ();
+
+  virtual void
+  id (unsigned int);
+
+  virtual void
+  position (const ::position&);
+
+  virtual object*
+  post_object ();
+
+private:
+  unsigned int id_;
+
+  unsigned int count_;
+  float avg_lat_;
+  float avg_lon_;
+};
+
+#endif // OBJECT_PIMPL_HXX
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/streaming/object-simpl.cxx b/examples/cxx/hybrid/streaming/object-simpl.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f23e0d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/streaming/object-simpl.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/streaming/object-simpl.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+// Include position-simpl.hxx (which includes object-simpl.hxx)
+// instead of object-simpl.hxx.
+//
+#include "position-simpl.hxx"
+
+// Position measurement instrument interface.
+//
+struct measurements
+{
+  float lat;
+  float lon;
+};
+
+measurements test_measurements [8] =
+{
+  {-33.8569F, 18.5083F},
+  {-33.8568F, 18.5083F},
+  {-33.8568F, 18.5082F},
+  {-33.8570F, 18.5083F},
+  {-33.8569F, 18.5084F},
+  {-33.8570F, 18.5084F},
+  {-33.8570F, 18.5082F},
+  {-33.8569F, 18.5082F}
+};
+
+static void
+measure_position (unsigned int n, float& lat, float& lon)
+{
+  // Call the instrument to measure the position.
+  //
+  lat = test_measurements[n].lat;
+  lon = test_measurements[n].lon;
+}
+
+// Serializer implementation.
+//
+void object_simpl::
+pre (const object& obj)
+{
+  // Cache the object id and determine how many position measuremenets
+  // we need to take.
+  //
+  id_ = obj.id ();
+  count_ = 8;
+}
+
+unsigned int object_simpl::
+id ()
+{
+  return id_;
+}
+
+bool object_simpl::
+position_next ()
+{
+  return count_ > 0;
+}
+
+const position& object_simpl::
+position ()
+{
+  count_--;
+  measure_position (count_, cur_pos_.lat (), cur_pos_.lon ());
+  return cur_pos_;
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/streaming/object-simpl.hxx b/examples/cxx/hybrid/streaming/object-simpl.hxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6b20399
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/streaming/object-simpl.hxx
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/streaming/object-simpl.hxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#ifndef OBJECT_SIMPL_HXX
+#define OBJECT_SIMPL_HXX
+
+// Customized object serializer implementation.
+//
+class object_simpl: public object_sskel
+{
+public:
+  virtual void
+  pre (const object&);
+
+  virtual unsigned int
+  id ();
+
+  virtual bool
+  position_next ();
+
+  virtual const ::position&
+  position ();
+
+private:
+  unsigned int id_;
+
+  unsigned int count_;
+  ::position cur_pos_;
+};
+
+#endif // OBJECT_SIMPL_HXX
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/streaming/position.xml b/examples/cxx/hybrid/streaming/position.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0943bb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/streaming/position.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/streaming/position.xml
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<object id="123">
+
+  <position lat="-33.8569" lon="18.5083"/>
+  <position lat="-33.8568" lon="18.5083"/>
+  <position lat="-33.8568" lon="18.5082"/>
+  <position lat="-33.8570" lon="18.5083"/>
+  <position lat="-33.8569" lon="18.5084"/>
+  <position lat="-33.8570" lon="18.5084"/>
+  <position lat="-33.8570" lon="18.5082"/>
+  <position lat="-33.8569" lon="18.5082"/>
+
+</object>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/streaming/position.xsd b/examples/cxx/hybrid/streaming/position.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..70b73f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/streaming/position.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/streaming/position.xsd
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
+
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="position">
+    <xsd:attribute name="lat" type="xsd:float" use="required"/>
+    <xsd:attribute name="lon" type="xsd:float" use="required"/>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="object">
+    <xsd:sequence>
+      <xsd:element name="position" type="position" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xsd:sequence>
+    <xsd:attribute name="id" type="xsd:unsignedInt" use="required"/>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:element name="object" type="object"/>
+
+</xsd:schema>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/README b/examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d54b081
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/README
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+This example shows how to parse, store in the object model, and serialize 
+XML data matched by XML Schema wildcards (any and anyAttribute) using the
+Embedded C++/Hybrid mapping.
+
+This example uses the object model as well as parser and serializer
+customization mechanisms provided by the C++/Hybrid mapping. For more
+information, see Section 4.8, "Customizing the Object Model" and Section
+6.1, "Customizing Parsers and Serializers" in the Embedded C++/Hybrid
+Mapping Getting Started Guide.
+
+The example consists of the following files:
+
+email.xsd
+  XML Schema which describes a simple email format with the
+  extensible envelope type.
+
+email.xml
+  Sample email message.
+
+email.hxx
+email.cxx
+
+email-pskel.hxx
+email-pskel.cxx
+email-pimpl.hxx
+email-pimpl.cxx
+
+email-pskel.hxx
+email-pskel.cxx
+email-pimpl.hxx
+email-pimpl.cxx
+  Object model (the first pair of files), parser skeletons (the
+  second pair), parser implementations (the third pair), serializer
+  skeletons (the fourth pair), and serializer implementations (the
+  fifth pair). These files are generated by the XSD/e compiler from
+  email.xsd. The --generate-parser, --generate-serializer, and 
+  --generate-aggregate options were used to request the generation of
+  the parsing and serialization code. The --custom-data option was
+  used to request addition of custom data to the envelope class in
+  the object model. The --custom-parser option was used to customize
+  the envelope_pimpl parser implementation. The --custom-serializer
+  option was used to customize the envelope_simpl serializer 
+  implementation.
+
+body.hxx
+body.cxx
+  Implementation of the body class. It is used to store the wildcard
+  data in the custom data sequence in the envelope class.
+
+envelope-pimpl.hxx
+envelope-pimpl.cxx
+  Custom envelope parser implementation. It uses the implementation
+  generated by the XSD/e compiler as a base and overrides the wildcard
+  callbacks to parse the wildcard content and store it as custom data
+  in the envelope object.
+
+envelope-simpl.hxx
+envelope-simpl.cxx
+  Custom envelope serializer implementation. It uses the implementation
+  generated by the XSD/e compiler as a base and overrides the wildcard
+  callbacks to serialize the wildcard content stored as custom data in
+  the envelope object.
+
+driver.cxx
+  Driver for the example. It first calls the parser that constructs the
+  email object from the input XML file. It then prints the content of
+  the email to STDERR. Finally, the driver creates a reply email and
+  calls the serializer to serialize it to XML.
+
+To run the example on the sample XML instance document simply execute:
+
+$ ./driver email.xml
+
+The example reads from STDIN if input file is not specified:
+
+$ ./driver <email.xml
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/body.cxx b/examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/body.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e6bd164
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/body.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/body.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#include "body.hxx"
+
+namespace email
+{
+  void body::
+  body_type (body::type t)
+  {
+    if (body_type_ == type_binary)
+    {
+      delete binary_;
+      binary_ = 0;
+    }
+
+    body_type_ = t;
+  }
+
+  void
+  destroy_body (void* p, size_t)
+  {
+    delete static_cast<body*> (p);
+  }
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/body.hxx b/examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/body.hxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..512a107
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/body.hxx
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/body.hxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#ifndef BODY_HXX
+#define BODY_HXX
+
+#include "email.hxx"
+
+namespace email
+{
+  // Custom email body type which can hold text or binary.
+  //
+  class body
+  {
+  public:
+    enum type
+    {
+      type_none,
+      type_text,
+      type_binary
+    };
+
+    body ()
+        : body_type_ (type_none), binary_ (0)
+    {
+    }
+
+    ~body ()
+    {
+      body_type (type_none);
+    }
+
+    type
+    body_type () const
+    {
+      return body_type_;
+    }
+
+    const std::string&
+    text () const
+    {
+      return text_;
+    }
+
+    void
+    text (const std::string& t)
+    {
+      body_type (type_text);
+      text_ = t;
+    }
+
+    const email::binary&
+    binary () const
+    {
+      return *binary_;
+    }
+
+    void
+    binary (email::binary* b)
+    {
+      body_type (type_binary);
+      binary_ = b;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    void
+    body_type (type t);
+
+    type body_type_;
+    std::string text_;
+    email::binary* binary_;
+  };
+
+  // Custom data destructor for body.
+  //
+  void
+  destroy_body (void*, size_t);
+}
+
+#endif // BODY_HXX
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/driver.cxx b/examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/driver.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eea5bc7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/driver.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/driver.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#include <string>   // memcpy
+#include <memory>   // std::auto_ptr
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "email.hxx"
+#include "body.hxx"
+
+#include "email-pimpl.hxx"
+#include "email-simpl.hxx"
+
+using namespace std;
+
+// Extended parser and serializer aggregates for the message
+// element. They add parser/serializer aggregates for the
+// wildcard elements.
+//
+namespace email
+{
+  class message_paggr_ex: public message_paggr
+  {
+  public:
+    message_paggr_ex ()
+    {
+      envelope_p_.text_parser (text_p_.root_parser ());
+      envelope_p_.binary_parser (binary_p_.root_parser ());
+    }
+
+  public:
+    text_paggr text_p_;
+    binary_paggr binary_p_;
+  };
+
+  class message_saggr_ex: public message_saggr
+  {
+  public:
+    message_saggr_ex ()
+    {
+      envelope_s_.text_serializer (text_s_.root_serializer ());
+      envelope_s_.binary_serializer (binary_s_.root_serializer ());
+    }
+
+  public:
+    text_saggr text_s_;
+    binary_saggr binary_s_;
+  };
+}
+
+int
+main (int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+  const char* input;
+
+  if (argc < 2)
+  {
+    input = "STDIN";
+    cerr << "XML file not specified, reading from STDIN" << endl;
+  }
+  else
+    input = argv[1];
+
+  try
+  {
+    using namespace email;
+
+    // Parse.
+    //
+    message_paggr_ex message_p;
+
+    xml_schema::document_pimpl doc_p (
+      message_p.root_parser (),
+      message_p.root_namespace (),
+      message_p.root_name ());
+
+    message_p.pre ();
+
+    if (argc < 2)
+      doc_p.parse (cin);
+    else
+      doc_p.parse (argv[1]);
+
+    auto_ptr<envelope> msg (message_p.post ());
+
+    // Print what we've got.
+    //
+    cerr << "To:      " << msg->to () << endl
+         << "From:    " << msg->from () << endl
+         << "Subject: " << msg->subject () << endl;
+
+    envelope::custom_data_sequence& body_seq (msg->custom_data ());
+
+    for (envelope::custom_data_iterator i = body_seq.begin ();
+         i != body_seq.end ();
+         ++i)
+    {
+      body* b = static_cast<body*> (*i);
+
+      switch (b->body_type ())
+      {
+      case body::type_text:
+        {
+          cerr << b->text () << endl
+               << endl;
+          break;
+        }
+      case body::type_binary:
+        {
+          const binary& bin = b->binary ();
+          cerr << "binary: " << bin.name () << " "
+               << "type: " << bin.mime () << endl
+               << endl;
+          break;
+        }
+      default:
+        {
+          cerr << "unexpected body type" << endl;
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Create a reply message.
+    //
+    auto_ptr<envelope> reply (new envelope);
+    reply->custom_data ().destructor (&destroy_body);
+
+    reply->to (msg->from ());
+    reply->from (msg->to ());
+    reply->subject ("Re: " + msg->subject ());
+
+    // Add a text body.
+    //
+    auto_ptr<body> b (new body);
+    b->text ("Hi!\n\n"
+             "Indeed nice pictures. Check out mine.\n\n"
+             "Jane");
+    reply->custom_data ().push_back (b.release ());
+
+    // Add a (fake) image.
+    //
+    auto_ptr<binary> pic (new binary);
+    pic->name ("pic.jpg");
+    pic->mime ("image/jpeg");
+    pic->size (3);
+    memcpy (pic->data (), "123", 3);
+
+    b = auto_ptr<body> (new body);
+    b->binary (pic.release ());
+    reply->custom_data ().push_back (b.release ());
+
+    // Serialize.
+    //
+    message_saggr_ex message_s;
+
+    xml_schema::document_simpl doc_s (
+      message_s.root_serializer (),
+      message_s.root_namespace (),
+      message_s.root_name ());
+
+    doc_s.add_prefix ("lib", "http://www.codesynthesis.com/email");
+    doc_s.add_schema ("http://www.codesynthesis.com/email", "email.xsd");
+
+    message_s.pre (*reply);
+    doc_s.serialize (cout);
+    message_s.post ();
+  }
+  catch (const xml_schema::parser_exception& e)
+  {
+    cerr << input << ":" << e.line () << ":" << e.column () << ": "
+         << e.text () << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+  catch (const xml_schema::serializer_exception& e)
+  {
+    cerr << "error: " << e.text () << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+  catch (const std::ios_base::failure&)
+  {
+    cerr << input << ": unable to open or read/write failure" << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/email.xml b/examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/email.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..75592f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/email.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/email.xml
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<eml:message xmlns:eml="http://www.codesynthesis.com/email"
+             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+	     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.codesynthesis.com/email email.xsd">
+
+  <to>Jane Doe &lt;jane@doe.com></to>
+  <from>John Doe &lt;john@doe.com></from>
+  <subject>Surfing pictures</subject>
+
+  <eml:text>
+Hi Jane,
+
+Here are cool pictures of me surfing.
+
+Cheers,
+John
+  </eml:text>
+
+  <eml:binary name="pic1.jpg" mime="image/jpeg">YmFzZTY0IGJpbmFyeQ==</eml:binary>
+  <eml:binary name="pic2.jpg" mime="image/jpeg">YmFzZTY0IGJpbmFyeQ==</eml:binary>
+
+</eml:message>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/email.xsd b/examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/email.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ca20df3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/email.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/email.xsd
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
+            xmlns:eml="http://www.codesynthesis.com/email"
+            targetNamespace="http://www.codesynthesis.com/email">
+
+  <!-- Predefined envolop body types. -->
+
+  <xsd:element name="text" type="xsd:string"/>
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="binary">
+    <xsd:simpleContent>
+      <xsd:extension base="xsd:base64Binary">
+        <xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" use="required"/>
+        <xsd:attribute name="mime" type="xsd:string" use="required"/>
+      </xsd:extension>
+    </xsd:simpleContent>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:element name="binary" type="eml:binary"/>
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="envelope">
+    <xsd:sequence>
+      <xsd:element name="to" type="xsd:string"/>
+      <xsd:element name="from" type="xsd:string"/>
+      <xsd:element name="subject" type="xsd:string"/>
+
+      <!-- Extensible envelope body. -->
+
+      <xsd:any namespace="##targetNamespace" processContents="strict"
+               maxOccurs="unbounded" />
+    </xsd:sequence>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:element name="message" type="eml:envelope"/>
+
+</xsd:schema>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/envelope-pimpl.cxx b/examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/envelope-pimpl.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..16bd2e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/envelope-pimpl.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/envelope-pimpl.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#include <memory> // std::auto_ptr
+
+#include "body.hxx"
+
+// Include email-pimpl.hxx (which includes envelope-pimpl.hxx)
+// instead of envelope-pimpl.hxx.
+//
+#include "email-pimpl.hxx"
+
+namespace email
+{
+  void envelope_pimpl::
+  _pre ()
+  {
+    // Set the custom data destructor.
+    //
+    envelope_base_pimpl_state_.envelope_->custom_data ().destructor (
+      &destroy_body);
+
+    envelope_base_pimpl::_pre ();
+  }
+
+  void envelope_pimpl::
+#ifndef XSDE_POLYMORPHIC
+  _start_any_element (const xml_schema::ro_string& ns,
+                      const xml_schema::ro_string& name)
+#else
+  _start_any_element (const xml_schema::ro_string& ns,
+                      const xml_schema::ro_string& name,
+                      const char*)
+#endif
+  {
+    // We use the depth_ counter to filter out nested elements
+    // and attributes for the content matched by the wildcard
+    // but which we don't know how to handle.
+    //
+    if (depth_++ == 0)
+    {
+      // Top-level (relative to this type) element matched by the
+      // any wildcard.
+      //
+      xml_schema::parser_base* p = 0;
+
+      if (ns == "http://www.codesynthesis.com/email")
+      {
+        if (name == "text")
+          p = text_p_;
+        else if (name == "binary")
+          p = binary_p_;
+
+        if (p != 0)
+        {
+          // If you are not using exceptions then you will need to add
+          // error propagation code. For more information on how to do
+          // this see the wildcard example for the C++/Parser mapping
+          // (examples/parser/ directory).
+          //
+          xml_schema::parser_context& ctx = _context ();
+          p->pre ();
+          p->_pre_impl (ctx);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  void envelope_pimpl::
+  _end_any_element (const xml_schema::ro_string& ns,
+                    const xml_schema::ro_string& name)
+  {
+    if (--depth_ == 0)
+    {
+      if (ns == "http://www.codesynthesis.com/email")
+      {
+        // Note that we don't call _post_impl() (corresponding to
+        // _pre_impl()) here. It is called automatically by the
+        // infrastructure.
+        //
+        envelope* env = envelope_base_pimpl_state_.envelope_;
+
+        if (name == "text")
+        {
+          std::auto_ptr<body> b (new body);
+          b->text (text_p_->post_string ());
+          env->custom_data ().push_back (b.release ());
+        }
+        else if (name == "binary")
+        {
+          std::auto_ptr<body> b (new body);
+          b->binary (binary_p_->post_binary ());
+          env->custom_data ().push_back (b.release ());
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  void envelope_pimpl::
+  _reset ()
+  {
+    // Note that we always need to call _reset() from the base.
+    //
+    envelope_base_pimpl::_reset ();
+
+    depth_ = 0;
+    text_p_->_reset ();
+    binary_p_->_reset ();
+  }
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/envelope-pimpl.hxx b/examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/envelope-pimpl.hxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..06eb26c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/envelope-pimpl.hxx
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/envelope-pimpl.hxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#ifndef ENVELOPE_PIMPL_HXX
+#define ENVELOPE_PIMPL_HXX
+
+namespace email
+{
+  // Customized envelope parser implementation. All wildcard events are
+  // routed to the _start_any_element, _end_any_element, _any_attribute,
+  // and _any_characters functions. We can dynamically select a parser
+  // from the _start_any_element after which all inner content will be
+  // automatically routed to this parser. At the end we will get a call
+  // to _end_any_element in which we can call post(), and save the data.
+  //
+  class envelope_pimpl: public envelope_base_pimpl
+  {
+  public:
+    envelope_pimpl ()
+        : depth_ (0), text_p_ (0), binary_p_ (0)
+    {
+    }
+
+    // Additional parsers for the wildcard content.
+    //
+    void
+    text_parser (xml_schema::string_pskel& p)
+    {
+      text_p_ = &p;
+    }
+
+    void
+    binary_parser (binary_pskel& p)
+    {
+      binary_p_ = &p;
+    }
+
+  public:
+    virtual void
+    _pre ();
+
+    // If the XSD runtime library was configured with polymorphism
+    // support, then _start_any_element has a third argument which
+    // is a dynamic type id that comes from xsi:type or substitution
+    // groups.
+    //
+#ifndef XSDE_POLYMORPHIC
+    virtual void
+    _start_any_element (const xml_schema::ro_string& ns,
+                        const xml_schema::ro_string& name);
+#else
+    virtual void
+    _start_any_element (const xml_schema::ro_string& ns,
+                        const xml_schema::ro_string& name,
+                        const char*);
+#endif
+
+    virtual void
+    _end_any_element (const xml_schema::ro_string& ns,
+                      const xml_schema::ro_string& name);
+
+    // If we need to be able to reset and reuse the parser after
+    // an error then we also need to override _reset() and reset
+    // the parsers that are used to handle wildcards.
+    //
+    virtual void
+    _reset ();
+
+  private:
+    std::size_t depth_;
+
+    // Parsers for the text and binary elements.
+    //
+  private:
+    xml_schema::string_pskel* text_p_;
+    binary_pskel* binary_p_;
+  };
+}
+
+#endif // ENVELOPE_PIMPL_HXX
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/envelope-simpl.cxx b/examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/envelope-simpl.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ae7bd00
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/envelope-simpl.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/envelope-simpl.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#include "body.hxx"
+
+// Include email-simpl.hxx (which includes envelope-simpl.hxx)
+// instead of envelope-simpl.hxx.
+//
+#include "email-simpl.hxx"
+
+namespace email
+{
+  void envelope_simpl::
+  _pre ()
+  {
+    // Initialize the body iterator.
+    //
+    i_ = envelope_base_simpl_state_.envelope_->custom_data ().begin ();
+  }
+
+  bool envelope_simpl::
+  any_next ()
+  {
+    envelope::custom_data_const_iterator end (
+      envelope_base_simpl_state_.envelope_->custom_data ().end ());
+
+    // See if there is a body that we know how to serialize.
+    //
+    for (; i_ != end; ++i_)
+    {
+      body::type t = static_cast<const body*> (*i_)->body_type ();
+
+      if (t == body::type_text || t == body::type_binary)
+        break;
+    }
+
+    return i_ != end;
+  }
+
+  void envelope_simpl::
+  any (std::string& ns, std::string& name)
+  {
+    ns = "http://www.codesynthesis.com/email";
+
+    switch (static_cast<const body*> (*i_)->body_type ())
+    {
+    case body::type_text:
+      {
+        name = "text";
+        break;
+      }
+    case body::type_binary:
+      {
+        name = "binary";
+        break;
+      }
+    default:
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  void envelope_simpl::
+  serialize_any ()
+  {
+    xml_schema::serializer_base* s = 0;
+    const body* b = static_cast<const body*> (*i_++);
+
+    // If you are not using exceptions then you will need to add
+    // error propagation code. For more information on how to do
+    // this see the wildcard example for the C++/Parser mapping
+    // (examples/parser/ directory).
+    //
+    switch (b->body_type ())
+    {
+    case body::type_text:
+      {
+        text_s_->pre (b->text ());
+        s = text_s_;
+        break;
+      }
+    case body::type_binary:
+      {
+        binary_s_->pre (b->binary ());
+        s = binary_s_;
+        break;
+      }
+    default:
+      break;
+    }
+
+    if (s != 0)
+    {
+      // If XML Schema validation is enabled then we need to check
+      // for error conditions.
+      //
+      xml_schema::serializer_context& ctx = _context ();
+
+      s->_pre_impl (ctx);
+
+#ifdef XSDE_SERIALIZER_VALIDATION
+      if (ctx.error_type ())
+        return;
+#endif
+      s->_serialize_attributes ();
+
+#ifdef XSDE_SERIALIZER_VALIDATION
+      if (ctx.error_type ())
+        return;
+#endif
+      s->_serialize_content ();
+
+#ifdef XSDE_SERIALIZER_VALIDATION
+      if (ctx.error_type ())
+        return;
+#endif
+      s->_post_impl ();
+
+#ifdef XSDE_SERIALIZER_VALIDATION
+      if (ctx.error_type ())
+        return;
+#endif
+      s->post ();
+    }
+  }
+
+  void envelope_simpl::
+  _reset ()
+  {
+    text_s_->_reset ();
+    binary_s_->_reset ();
+
+    // Note that we always need to call _reset() from the base.
+    //
+    envelope_base_simpl::_reset ();
+  }
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/envelope-simpl.hxx b/examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/envelope-simpl.hxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1de12bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/envelope-simpl.hxx
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/envelope-simpl.hxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#ifndef ENVELOPE_SIMPL_HXX
+#define ENVELOPE_SIMPL_HXX
+
+namespace email
+{
+  // Customized envelope serializer implementation. Here we implement
+  // the any_next, any, and serialize_any callbacks to serialize the
+  // wildcard content.
+  //
+  class envelope_simpl: public envelope_base_simpl
+  {
+  public:
+    envelope_simpl ()
+        : text_s_ (0), binary_s_ (0)
+    {
+    }
+
+    // Additional serializers for the wildcard content.
+    //
+    void
+    text_serializer (xml_schema::string_sskel& s)
+    {
+      text_s_ = &s;
+    }
+
+    void
+    binary_serializer (binary_sskel& s)
+    {
+      binary_s_ = &s;
+    }
+
+  public:
+    virtual void
+    _pre ();
+
+    virtual bool
+    any_next ();
+
+    virtual void
+    any (std::string& ns, std::string& name);
+
+    virtual void
+    serialize_any ();
+
+    // If we need to be able to reset and reuse the serializer
+    // after an error then we also need to override _reset() and
+    // reset the serializers that are used to handle wildcards.
+    //
+    virtual void
+    _reset ();
+
+  private:
+    envelope::custom_data_const_iterator i_;
+
+    // Serializers for the text and binary elements.
+    //
+  private:
+    xml_schema::string_sskel* text_s_;
+    binary_sskel* binary_s_;
+  };
+}
+
+#endif // ENVELOPE_SIMPL_HXX
diff --git a/examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/makefile b/examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..94d2fae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+# file      : examples/cxx/hybrid/wildcard/makefile
+# author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+# copyright : Copyright (c) 2005-2009 Code Synthesis Tools CC
+# license   : GNU GPL v2 + exceptions; see accompanying LICENSE file
+
+include $(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))../../../../build/bootstrap.make
+
+xsd := email.xsd
+cxx := driver.cxx body.cxx envelope-pimpl.cxx envelope-simpl.cxx
+
+obj := $(addprefix $(out_base)/,\
+$(cxx:.cxx=.o)       \
+$(xsd:.xsd=.o)       \
+$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.o) \
+$(xsd:.xsd=-pimpl.o) \
+$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.o) \
+$(xsd:.xsd=-simpl.o))
+
+dep := $(obj:.o=.o.d)
+
+xsde.l             := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l
+xsde.l.cpp-options := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l.cpp-options
+
+driver := $(out_base)/driver
+clean  := $(out_base)/.clean
+
+# Build.
+#
+$(driver): $(obj) $(xsde.l)
+
+$(obj) $(dep): $(xsde.l.cpp-options)
+
+gen := $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=.hxx)       \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=.cxx)       \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.hxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.cxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pimpl.hxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pimpl.cxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.hxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.cxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-simpl.hxx) \
+       $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-simpl.cxx)
+
+$(gen): $(out_root)/xsde/xsde
+$(gen): xsde := $(out_root)/xsde/xsde
+$(gen): xsde_options += --generate-parser --generate-serializer \
+--generate-aggregate --root-element-all --custom-data envelope \
+--custom-parser envelope=envelope_base_pimpl/envelope-pimpl.hxx \
+--custom-serializer envelope=envelope_base_simpl/envelope-simpl.hxx
+
+$(call include-dep,$(dep))
+
+# Convenience alias for default target.
+#
+.PHONY: $(out_base)/
+$(out_base)/: $(driver)
+
+
+# Clean.
+#
+.PHONY: $(clean)
+
+$(clean): $(driver).o.clean                                \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(obj))                           \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(dep))                           \
+  $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(xsd:.xsd=.cxx.xsd.clean))
+
+
+# How to.
+#
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/o-e.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-o.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-d.make)
+$(call include,$(scf_root)/xsde/hybrid/xsd-cxx.make)
+
+
+# Dependencies.
+#
+$(call import,$(src_root)/xsde/makefile)
+$(call import,$(src_root)/libxsde/xsde/makefile)
diff --git a/examples/cxx/makefile b/examples/cxx/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8b4a552
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# file      : examples/cxx/makefile
+# author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+# copyright : Copyright (c) 2006-2009 Code Synthesis Tools CC
+# license   : GNU GPL v2 + exceptions; see accompanying LICENSE file
+
+include $(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))../../build/bootstrap.make
+
+examples := hybrid parser serializer
+
+default   := $(out_base)/
+test      := $(out_base)/.test
+clean     := $(out_base)/.clean
+
+.PHONY: $(default) $(test) $(clean)
+
+$(default): $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(addsuffix /,$(examples)))
+$(test): $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(addsuffix /.test,$(examples)))
+$(clean): $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(addsuffix /.clean,$(examples)))
+
+$(foreach e,$(examples),$(call import,$(src_base)/$e/makefile))
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/README b/examples/cxx/parser/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eaf9342
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/README
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+This directory contains a number of examples that show how to
+use the Embedded C++/Parser mapping. The following list gives
+an overview of each example. See the README files in example
+directories for more information on each example.
+
+hello
+  A simple "Hello, world!" example that shows how to parse XML
+  documents.
+
+generated
+  Shows how to use the sample implementation and test driver
+  generation feature. This example does not have any hand-written
+  C++ code; everything is generated by the XSD/e compiler.
+
+library
+  Shows how to handle more complex data structures and construct
+  a custom in-memory object model.
+
+minimal
+  This example is a minimal parser implementation that is
+  intended to work without STL, iostream, or C++ exceptions.
+
+wildcard
+  Shows how to parse XML data matched by XML Schema wildcards (any
+  and anyAttribute).
+
+multiroot
+  Shows how to handle XML vocabularies with multiple root elements.
+
+mixed
+  Shows how to handle raw, "type-less content" such as mixed content
+  models, anyType/anySimpleType, and any/anyAttribute.
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/generated/README b/examples/cxx/parser/generated/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ab7ab06
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/generated/README
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+This example shows how to use the sample implementation and test
+driver generation feature of the Embedded C++/Parser mapping. This
+example does not have any hand-written C++ code; everything is
+generated by the XSD/e compiler.
+
+The example consists of the following files:
+
+library.xsd
+  XML Schema which describes a library of books.
+
+library.xml
+  Sample XML instance document.
+
+library-pskel.hxx
+library-pskel.cxx
+  Parser skeletons generated by XSD/e from library.xsd.
+
+library-pimpl.hxx
+library-pimpl.cxx
+  Sample parser implementations that print the XML data to STDOUT.
+  These are generated by XSD/e from library.xsd with the
+  --generate-print-impl option.
+
+library-pdriver.cxx
+  Sample driver for the example. It is generated by XSD/e from
+  library.xsd with the --generate-test-driver option.
+
+
+To run the example on the sample XML instance document simply
+execute:
+
+$ ./library-pdriver library.xml
+
+The example reads from STDIN if input file is not specified:
+
+$ ./library-pdriver <library.xml
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/generated/library.xml b/examples/cxx/parser/generated/library.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2d9069c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/generated/library.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/parser/library/library.xml
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<lib:catalog xmlns:lib="http://www.codesynthesis.com/library"
+             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+	     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.codesynthesis.com/library library.xsd">
+
+  <book id="MM" available="false">
+    <isbn>0679760806</isbn>
+    <title>The Master and Margarita</title>
+    <genre>fiction</genre>
+
+    <author recommends="WP">
+      <name>Mikhail Bulgakov</name>
+      <born>1891-05-15</born>
+      <died>1940-03-10</died>
+    </author>
+  </book>
+
+
+  <book id="WP" available="true" >
+    <isbn>0679600841</isbn>
+    <title>War and Peace</title>
+    <genre>history</genre>
+
+    <author recommends="CP">
+      <name>Leo Tolstoy</name>
+      <born>1828-09-09</born>
+      <died>1910-11-20</died>
+    </author>
+  </book>
+
+
+  <book id="CP" available="false">
+    <isbn>0679420290</isbn>
+    <title>Crime and Punishment</title>
+    <genre>philosophy</genre>
+
+    <author>
+      <name>Fyodor Dostoevsky</name>
+      <born>1821-11-11</born>
+      <died>1881-02-09</died>
+    </author>
+  </book>
+
+</lib:catalog>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/generated/library.xsd b/examples/cxx/parser/generated/library.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..57654c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/generated/library.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/parser/library/library.xsd
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
+            xmlns:lib="http://www.codesynthesis.com/library"
+            targetNamespace="http://www.codesynthesis.com/library">
+
+  <xsd:simpleType name="isbn">
+    <xsd:restriction base="xsd:unsignedInt"/>
+  </xsd:simpleType>
+
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="title">
+    <xsd:simpleContent>
+      <xsd:extension base="xsd:string">
+        <xsd:attribute name="lang" type="xsd:string"/>
+      </xsd:extension>
+    </xsd:simpleContent>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+
+  <xsd:simpleType name="genre">
+    <xsd:restriction base="xsd:string">
+      <xsd:enumeration value="romance"/>
+      <xsd:enumeration value="fiction"/>
+      <xsd:enumeration value="horror"/>
+      <xsd:enumeration value="history"/>
+      <xsd:enumeration value="philosophy"/>
+    </xsd:restriction>
+  </xsd:simpleType>
+
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="person">
+    <xsd:sequence>
+      <xsd:element name="name" type="xsd:string"/>
+      <xsd:element name="born" type="xsd:string"/>
+      <xsd:element name="died" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0"/>
+    </xsd:sequence>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="author">
+    <xsd:complexContent>
+      <xsd:extension base="lib:person">
+	<xsd:attribute name="recommends" type="xsd:IDREF"/> <!-- Book -->
+      </xsd:extension>
+    </xsd:complexContent>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="book">
+    <xsd:sequence>
+      <xsd:element name="isbn" type="lib:isbn"/>
+      <xsd:element name="title" type="lib:title"/>
+      <xsd:element name="genre" type="lib:genre"/>
+      <xsd:element name="author" type="lib:author" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xsd:sequence>
+    <xsd:attribute name="available" type="xsd:boolean" use="required"/>
+    <xsd:attribute name="id" type="xsd:ID" use="required"/>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="catalog">
+    <xsd:sequence>
+      <xsd:element name="book" type="lib:book" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xsd:sequence>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+
+  <xsd:element name="catalog" type="lib:catalog"/>
+
+</xsd:schema>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/generated/makefile b/examples/cxx/parser/generated/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8bd0b05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/generated/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+# file      : examples/cxx/parser/generated/makefile
+# author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+# copyright : Copyright (c) 2006-2009 Code Synthesis Tools CC
+# license   : GNU GPL v2 + exceptions; see accompanying LICENSE file
+
+include $(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))../../../../build/bootstrap.make
+
+xsd := library.xsd
+
+obj := $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.o) $(xsd:.xsd=-pimpl.o) $(xsd:.xsd=-pdriver.o))
+dep := $(obj:.o=.o.d)
+
+xsde.l             := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l
+xsde.l.cpp-options := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l.cpp-options
+
+driver := $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pdriver)
+clean  := $(out_base)/.clean
+
+
+# Build.
+#
+$(driver): $(obj) $(xsde.l)
+
+$(obj) $(dep): cpp_options := -I$(out_base) -I$(src_base)
+$(obj) $(dep): $(xsde.l.cpp-options)
+
+gen :=  $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.hxx)  \
+        $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.ixx)  \
+        $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.cxx)  \
+        $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pimpl.hxx)  \
+	$(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pimpl.cxx)  \
+	$(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pdriver.cxx)
+
+$(gen): xsde := $(out_root)/xsde/xsde
+$(gen): xsde_options += --generate-print-impl --generate-test-driver \
+--force-overwrite
+$(gen): $(out_root)/xsde/xsde
+
+$(call include-dep,$(dep))
+
+# Convenience alias for default target.
+#
+.PHONY: $(out_base)/
+$(out_base)/: $(driver)
+
+
+# Clean.
+#
+.PHONY: $(clean)
+
+$(clean): $(driver).o.clean                                  \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(obj))                             \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(dep))                             \
+  $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.cxx.xsd.clean)) \
+  $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(xsd:.xsd=-pimpl.cxx.xsd.clean))
+
+
+# How to.
+#
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/o-e.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-o.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-d.make)
+
+xsd_pimpl_suffix := -pimpl
+$(call include,$(scf_root)/xsde/parser/xsd-cxx.make)
+
+
+# Dependencies.
+#
+$(call import,$(src_root)/xsde/makefile)
+$(call import,$(src_root)/libxsde/xsde/makefile)
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/hello/README b/examples/cxx/parser/hello/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..958ed1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/hello/README
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+This is a "Hello, world!" example that shows how to use the
+Embedded C++/Parser mapping to parse XML instance documents.
+
+The example consists of the following files:
+
+hello.xsd
+  XML Schema which describes "hello" instance documents.
+
+hello.xml
+  Sample XML instance document.
+
+hello-pskel.hxx
+hello-pskel.ixx
+hello-pskel.cxx
+  Parser skeletons generated by XSD/e from hello.xsd.
+
+driver.cxx
+  A parser implementation and a driver for the example. The
+  parser implementation simply prints the results to STDERR.
+  The driver first constructs a parser instance from the
+  parser implementation mentioned above and a couple of
+  predefined parsers for the XML Schema built-in types.
+  In then invokes this parser instance to parse the input
+  file.
+
+To run the example on the sample XML instance document simply
+execute:
+
+$ ./driver hello.xml
+
+The example reads from STDIN if input file is not specified:
+
+$ ./driver <hello.xml
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/hello/driver.cxx b/examples/cxx/parser/hello/driver.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2326445
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/hello/driver.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/parser/hello/driver.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#include <string>
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "hello-pskel.hxx"
+
+using namespace std;
+
+struct hello_pimpl: hello_pskel
+{
+  virtual void
+  greeting (const string& greeting)
+  {
+    greeting_ = greeting;
+  }
+
+  virtual void
+  name (const string& name)
+  {
+    cout << greeting_ << ", " << name << "!" << endl;
+  }
+
+private:
+  string greeting_;
+};
+
+
+int
+main (int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+  const char* input;
+
+  if (argc < 2)
+  {
+    input = "STDIN";
+    cerr << "XML file not specified, reading from STDIN" << endl;
+  }
+  else
+    input = argv[1];
+
+  try
+  {
+    // Construct the parser.
+    //
+    xml_schema::string_pimpl string_p;
+    hello_pimpl hello_p;
+
+    hello_p.greeting_parser (string_p);
+    hello_p.name_parser (string_p);
+
+
+    // Parse the XML instance document. The second argument to the
+    // document's constructor is the document's root element name.
+    //
+    xml_schema::document_pimpl doc_p (hello_p, "hello");
+
+    hello_p.pre ();
+
+    if (argc < 2)
+      doc_p.parse (cin);
+    else
+      doc_p.parse (argv[1]);
+
+    hello_p.post_hello ();
+  }
+  catch (const xml_schema::parser_exception& e)
+  {
+    cerr << input << ":" << e.line () << ":" << e.column () << ": "
+         << e.text () << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+  catch (const std::ios_base::failure&)
+  {
+    cerr << input << ": unable to open or read failure" << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/hello/hello.xml b/examples/cxx/parser/hello/hello.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2e5aaa3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/hello/hello.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/parser/hello/hello.xml
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<hello xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+       xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="hello.xsd">
+
+  <greeting>Hello</greeting>
+
+  <name>sun</name>
+  <name>moon</name>
+  <name>world</name>
+
+</hello>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/hello/hello.xsd b/examples/cxx/parser/hello/hello.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f0941b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/hello/hello.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/parser/hello/hello.xsd
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="hello">
+    <xsd:sequence>
+      <xsd:element name="greeting" type="xsd:string"/>
+      <xsd:element name="name" type="xsd:string" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xsd:sequence>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:element name="hello" type="hello"/>
+
+</xsd:schema>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/hello/makefile b/examples/cxx/parser/hello/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9067e04
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/hello/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+# file      : examples/cxx/parser/hello/makefile
+# author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+# copyright : Copyright (c) 2005-2009 Code Synthesis Tools CC
+# license   : GNU GPL v2 + exceptions; see accompanying LICENSE file
+
+include $(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))../../../../build/bootstrap.make
+
+xsd := hello.xsd
+cxx := driver.cxx
+
+obj := $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(cxx:.cxx=.o) $(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.o))
+dep := $(obj:.o=.o.d)
+
+xsde.l             := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l
+xsde.l.cpp-options := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l.cpp-options
+
+driver := $(out_base)/driver
+clean  := $(out_base)/.clean
+
+
+# Build.
+#
+$(driver): $(obj) $(xsde.l)
+
+$(obj) $(dep): cpp_options := -I$(out_base)
+$(obj) $(dep): $(xsde.l.cpp-options)
+
+skel := $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.hxx) \
+        $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.ixx) \
+        $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.cxx)
+
+$(skel): xsde := $(out_root)/xsde/xsde
+$(skel): $(out_root)/xsde/xsde
+
+$(call include-dep,$(dep))
+
+# Convenience alias for default target.
+#
+.PHONY: $(out_base)/
+$(out_base)/: $(driver)
+
+
+# Clean.
+#
+.PHONY: $(clean)
+
+$(clean): $(driver).o.clean                                 \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(obj))                            \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(dep))                            \
+  $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.cxx.xsd.clean))
+
+
+# How to.
+#
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/o-e.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-o.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-d.make)
+$(call include,$(scf_root)/xsde/parser/xsd-cxx.make)
+
+
+# Dependencies.
+#
+$(call import,$(src_root)/xsde/makefile)
+$(call import,$(src_root)/libxsde/xsde/makefile)
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/library/README b/examples/cxx/parser/library/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..da0a49b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/library/README
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+This example shows how to use the Embedded C++/Parser mapping
+to construct a custom in-memory object model from XML instance
+documents.
+
+The example consists of the following files:
+
+library.xsd
+  XML Schema which describes a library of books.
+
+library.xml
+  Sample XML instance document.
+
+library.hxx
+  Types that describe a library of books in C++. These are
+  hand-written.
+
+library.map
+  Type map. It maps XML Schema types defined in library.xsd
+  to C++ types defined in library.hxx.
+
+library-pskel.hxx
+library-pskel.ixx
+library-pskel.cxx
+  Parser skeletons generated by XSD/e from library.xsd and
+  library.map.
+
+library-pimpl-mixin.hxx
+library-pimpl-mixin.cxx
+
+library-pimpl-tiein.hxx
+library-pimpl-tiein.cxx
+  Parser implementations (using either mixin or tiein parser
+  reuse style) that construct the custom in-memory object model
+  from an XML instance using types from library.hxx. These are
+  hand-written implementations of the parser skeletons defined
+  in library-pskel.hxx.
+
+driver.cxx
+  Driver for the example. It first constructs a parser
+  instance from all the individual parsers found in one of
+  library-pimpl-*.hxx. In then invokes this parser instance
+  to parse the input file and produce the in-memory object
+  model. Finally, it prints the content of the object model
+  to STDERR.
+
+To run the example on the sample XML instance document simply
+execute:
+
+$ ./driver library.xml
+
+The example reads from STDIN if input file is not specified:
+
+$ ./driver <library.xml
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/library/driver.cxx b/examples/cxx/parser/library/driver.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..902499a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/library/driver.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/parser/library/driver.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "library.hxx"
+
+#include "library-pskel.hxx" // Get the configuration macros (XSDE_*).
+
+#if defined(XSDE_REUSE_STYLE_MIXIN)
+#  include "library-pimpl-mixin.hxx"
+#elif defined(XSDE_REUSE_STYLE_TIEIN)
+#  include "library-pimpl-tiein.hxx"
+#else
+#  error this example requires mixin or tiein parser reuse support
+#endif
+
+using std::cerr;
+using std::endl;
+
+int
+main (int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+  const char* input;
+
+  if (argc < 2)
+  {
+    input = "STDIN";
+    cerr << "XML file not specified, reading from STDIN" << endl;
+  }
+  else
+    input = argv[1];
+
+  try
+  {
+    using namespace library;
+
+
+    // Construct the parser.
+    //
+    xml_schema::id_pimpl id_p;
+    xml_schema::idref_pimpl idref_p;
+    xml_schema::string_pimpl string_p;
+    xml_schema::boolean_pimpl boolean_p;
+
+    isbn_pimpl isbn_p;
+
+    title_pimpl title_p;
+    title_p.lang_parser (string_p);
+
+    genre_pimpl genre_p;
+
+    author_pimpl author_p;
+    author_p.parsers (string_p,  // name
+                      string_p,  // born
+                      string_p,  // died
+                      idref_p);  // recommends
+
+    book_pimpl book_p;
+    book_p.parsers (boolean_p, // available
+                    id_p,      // id
+                    isbn_p,    // isbn
+                    title_p,   // title
+                    genre_p,   // genre
+                    author_p); // author
+
+    catalog_pimpl catalog_p;
+    catalog_p.book_parser (book_p);
+
+
+    // Parse the XML instance document.
+    //
+    xml_schema::document_pimpl doc_p (
+      catalog_p,
+      "http://www.codesynthesis.com/library", // root element namespace
+      "catalog");                             // root element name
+
+    catalog_p.pre ();
+
+    if (argc < 2)
+      doc_p.parse (std::cin);
+    else
+      doc_p.parse (argv[1]);
+
+    catalog c (catalog_p.post_catalog ());
+
+
+    // Let's print what we've got.
+    //
+    for (catalog::const_iterator bi (c.begin ()); bi != c.end (); ++bi)
+    {
+      cerr << endl
+           << "ID           : " << bi->id () << endl
+           << "ISBN         : " << bi->isbn () << endl
+           << "Title        : " << bi->title ()  << endl
+           << "Genre        : " << bi->genre () << endl;
+
+      for (book::authors::const_iterator ai (bi->author ().begin ());
+           ai != bi->author ().end ();
+           ++ai)
+      {
+        cerr << "Author       : " << ai->name () << endl;
+        cerr << "  Born       : " << ai->born () << endl;
+
+        if (!ai->died ().empty ())
+          cerr << "  Died       : " << ai->died () << endl;
+
+        if (!ai->recommends ().empty ())
+        {
+          cerr << "  Recommends : " << ai->recommends () << endl;
+        }
+      }
+
+      cerr  << "Available    : " << std::boolalpha << bi->available () << endl;
+    }
+  }
+  catch (const xml_schema::parser_exception& e)
+  {
+    cerr << input << ":" << e.line () << ":" << e.column () << ": "
+         << e.text () << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+  catch (const std::ios_base::failure&)
+  {
+    cerr << input << ": unable to open or read failure" << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/library/library-pimpl-mixin.cxx b/examples/cxx/parser/library/library-pimpl-mixin.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ac525a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/library/library-pimpl-mixin.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/parser/library/library-pimpl-mixin.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#include "library-pimpl-mixin.hxx"
+
+namespace library
+{
+  // isbn_pimpl
+  //
+  isbn isbn_pimpl::
+  post_isbn ()
+  {
+    return post_unsigned_int ();
+  }
+
+  // title_pimpl
+  //
+  void title_pimpl::
+  _pre ()
+  {
+    title_.lang ("");
+  }
+
+  void title_pimpl::
+  lang (const std::string& lang)
+  {
+    title_.lang (lang);
+  }
+
+  title title_pimpl::
+  post_title ()
+  {
+    title_.assign (post_string ());
+    return title_;
+  }
+
+  // genre_pimpl
+  //
+  genre genre_pimpl::
+  post_genre ()
+  {
+    genre r (romance);
+    std::string v (post_string ());
+
+    if (v == "romance") r = romance; else
+    if (v == "fiction") r = fiction; else
+    if (v == "horror") r = horror; else
+    if (v == "history") r = history; else
+    if (v == "philosophy") r = philosophy;
+
+    return r;
+  }
+
+  // person_pimpl
+  //
+  void person_pimpl::
+  _pre ()
+  {
+    person_.died ("");
+  }
+
+  void person_pimpl::
+  name (const std::string& name)
+  {
+    person_.name (name);
+  }
+
+  void person_pimpl::
+  born (const std::string& born)
+  {
+    person_.born (born);
+  }
+
+  void person_pimpl::
+  died (const std::string& died)
+  {
+    person_.died (died);
+  }
+
+  person person_pimpl::
+  post_person ()
+  {
+    return person_;
+  }
+
+  // author_pimpl
+  //
+  void author_pimpl::
+  _pre ()
+  {
+    author_.recommends ("");
+    person_pimpl::_pre ();
+  }
+
+  void author_pimpl::
+  recommends (const std::string& recommends)
+  {
+    author_.recommends (recommends);
+  }
+
+  author author_pimpl::
+  post_author ()
+  {
+    person p (post_person ());
+
+    author_.name (p.name ());
+    author_.born (p.born ());
+    author_.died (p.died ());
+
+    return author_;
+  }
+
+  // book_pimpl
+  //
+  void book_pimpl::
+  _pre ()
+  {
+    book_.author ().clear ();
+  }
+
+  void book_pimpl::
+  isbn (library::isbn isbn)
+  {
+    book_.isbn (isbn);
+  }
+
+  void book_pimpl::
+  title (const library::title& title)
+  {
+    book_.title (title);
+  }
+
+  void book_pimpl::
+  genre (library::genre genre)
+  {
+    book_.genre (genre);
+  }
+
+  void book_pimpl::
+  author (const library::author& author)
+  {
+    book_.author ().push_back (author);
+  }
+
+  void book_pimpl::
+  available (bool available)
+  {
+    book_.available (available);
+  }
+
+  void book_pimpl::
+  id (const std::string& id)
+  {
+    book_.id (id);
+  }
+
+  book book_pimpl::
+  post_book ()
+  {
+    return book_;
+  }
+
+  // catalog_pimpl
+  //
+  void catalog_pimpl::
+  _pre ()
+  {
+    catalog_.clear ();
+  }
+
+  void catalog_pimpl::
+  book (const library::book& book)
+  {
+    catalog_.push_back (book);
+  }
+
+  catalog catalog_pimpl::
+  post_catalog ()
+  {
+    return catalog_;
+  }
+}
+
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/library/library-pimpl-mixin.hxx b/examples/cxx/parser/library/library-pimpl-mixin.hxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e57efea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/library/library-pimpl-mixin.hxx
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/parser/library/library-pimpl-mixin.hxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#ifndef LIBRARY_PIMPL_HXX
+#define LIBRARY_PIMPL_HXX
+
+#include "library.hxx"
+#include "library-pskel.hxx"
+
+namespace library
+{
+  //
+  //
+  struct isbn_pimpl: virtual isbn_pskel, xml_schema::unsigned_int_pimpl
+  {
+    virtual isbn
+    post_isbn ();
+  };
+
+  //
+  //
+  struct title_pimpl: virtual title_pskel, xml_schema::string_pimpl
+  {
+    virtual void
+    _pre ();
+
+    virtual void
+    lang (const std::string&);
+
+    virtual title
+    post_title ();
+
+  private:
+    title title_;
+  };
+
+  //
+  //
+  struct genre_pimpl: virtual genre_pskel, xml_schema::string_pimpl
+  {
+    virtual genre
+    post_genre ();
+  };
+
+  //
+  //
+  struct person_pimpl: virtual person_pskel
+  {
+    virtual void
+    _pre ();
+
+    virtual void
+    name (const std::string&);
+
+    virtual void
+    born (const std::string&);
+
+    virtual void
+    died (const std::string&);
+
+    virtual person
+    post_person ();
+
+  private:
+    person person_;
+  };
+
+  //
+  //
+  struct author_pimpl: virtual author_pskel, person_pimpl
+  {
+    virtual void
+    _pre ();
+
+    virtual void
+    recommends (const std::string&);
+
+    virtual author
+    post_author ();
+
+  private:
+    author author_;
+  };
+
+  //
+  //
+  struct book_pimpl: virtual book_pskel
+  {
+    virtual void
+    _pre ();
+
+    virtual void
+    isbn (library::isbn);
+
+    virtual void
+    title (const library::title&);
+
+    virtual void
+    genre (library::genre);
+
+    virtual void
+    author (const library::author&);
+
+    virtual void
+    available (bool);
+
+    virtual void
+    id (const std::string&);
+
+    virtual book
+    post_book ();
+
+  private:
+    book book_;
+  };
+
+  //
+  //
+  struct catalog_pimpl: virtual catalog_pskel
+  {
+    virtual void
+    _pre ();
+
+    virtual void
+    book (const library::book&);
+
+    virtual catalog
+    post_catalog ();
+
+  private:
+    catalog catalog_;
+  };
+}
+
+#endif // LIBRARY_PIMPL_HXX
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/library/library-pimpl-tiein.cxx b/examples/cxx/parser/library/library-pimpl-tiein.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f4f54a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/library/library-pimpl-tiein.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/parser/library/library-pimpl-tiein.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#include "library-pimpl-tiein.hxx"
+
+namespace library
+{
+  // isbn_pimpl
+  //
+  isbn_pimpl::
+  isbn_pimpl ()
+      : isbn_pskel (&base_impl_)
+  {
+  }
+
+  isbn isbn_pimpl::
+  post_isbn ()
+  {
+    return post_unsigned_int ();
+  }
+
+  // title_pimpl
+  //
+  title_pimpl::
+  title_pimpl ()
+      : title_pskel (&base_impl_)
+  {
+  }
+
+  void title_pimpl::
+  _pre ()
+  {
+    title_.lang ("");
+  }
+
+  void title_pimpl::
+  lang (const std::string& lang)
+  {
+    title_.lang (lang);
+  }
+
+  title title_pimpl::
+  post_title ()
+  {
+    title_.assign (post_string ());
+    return title_;
+  }
+
+  // genre_pimpl
+  //
+  genre_pimpl::
+  genre_pimpl ()
+      : genre_pskel (&base_impl_)
+  {
+  }
+
+  genre genre_pimpl::
+  post_genre ()
+  {
+    genre r (romance);
+    std::string v (post_string ());
+
+    if (v == "romance") r = romance; else
+    if (v == "fiction") r = fiction; else
+    if (v == "horror") r = horror; else
+    if (v == "history") r = history; else
+    if (v == "philosophy") r = philosophy;
+
+    return r;
+  }
+
+  // person_pimpl
+  //
+  void person_pimpl::
+  _pre ()
+  {
+    person_.died ("");
+  }
+
+  void person_pimpl::
+  name (const std::string& name)
+  {
+    person_.name (name);
+  }
+
+  void person_pimpl::
+  born (const std::string& born)
+  {
+    person_.born (born);
+  }
+
+  void person_pimpl::
+  died (const std::string& died)
+  {
+    person_.died (died);
+  }
+
+  person person_pimpl::
+  post_person ()
+  {
+    return person_;
+  }
+
+  // author_pimpl
+  //
+  author_pimpl::
+  author_pimpl ()
+      : author_pskel (&base_impl_)
+  {
+  }
+
+  void author_pimpl::
+  _pre ()
+  {
+    author_.recommends ("");
+    base_impl_._pre ();
+  }
+
+  void author_pimpl::
+  recommends (const std::string& recommends)
+  {
+    author_.recommends (recommends);
+  }
+
+  author author_pimpl::
+  post_author ()
+  {
+    person p (post_person ());
+
+    author_.name (p.name ());
+    author_.born (p.born ());
+    author_.died (p.died ());
+
+    return author_;
+  }
+
+  // book_pimpl
+  //
+  void book_pimpl::
+  _pre ()
+  {
+    book_.author ().clear ();
+  }
+
+  void book_pimpl::
+  isbn (library::isbn isbn)
+  {
+    book_.isbn (isbn);
+  }
+
+  void book_pimpl::
+  title (const library::title& title)
+  {
+    book_.title (title);
+  }
+
+  void book_pimpl::
+  genre (library::genre genre)
+  {
+    book_.genre (genre);
+  }
+
+  void book_pimpl::
+  author (const library::author& author)
+  {
+    book_.author ().push_back (author);
+  }
+
+  void book_pimpl::
+  available (bool available)
+  {
+    book_.available (available);
+  }
+
+  void book_pimpl::
+  id (const std::string& id)
+  {
+    book_.id (id);
+  }
+
+  book book_pimpl::
+  post_book ()
+  {
+    return book_;
+  }
+
+  // catalog_pimpl
+  //
+  void catalog_pimpl::
+  _pre ()
+  {
+    catalog_.clear ();
+  }
+
+  void catalog_pimpl::
+  book (const library::book& book)
+  {
+    catalog_.push_back (book);
+  }
+
+  catalog catalog_pimpl::
+  post_catalog ()
+  {
+    return catalog_;
+  }
+}
+
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/library/library-pimpl-tiein.hxx b/examples/cxx/parser/library/library-pimpl-tiein.hxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..423bc91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/library/library-pimpl-tiein.hxx
@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/parser/library/library-pimpl-tiein.hxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#ifndef LIBRARY_PIMPL_HXX
+#define LIBRARY_PIMPL_HXX
+
+#include "library.hxx"
+#include "library-pskel.hxx"
+
+namespace library
+{
+  //
+  //
+  struct isbn_pimpl: isbn_pskel
+  {
+    isbn_pimpl ();
+
+    virtual isbn
+    post_isbn ();
+
+  private:
+    xml_schema::unsigned_int_pimpl base_impl_;
+  };
+
+  //
+  //
+  struct title_pimpl: title_pskel
+  {
+    title_pimpl ();
+
+    virtual void
+    _pre ();
+
+    virtual void
+    lang (const std::string&);
+
+    virtual title
+    post_title ();
+
+  private:
+    title title_;
+    xml_schema::string_pimpl base_impl_;
+  };
+
+  //
+  //
+  struct genre_pimpl: genre_pskel
+  {
+    genre_pimpl ();
+
+    virtual genre
+    post_genre ();
+
+  private:
+    xml_schema::string_pimpl base_impl_;
+  };
+
+  //
+  //
+  struct person_pimpl: person_pskel
+  {
+    virtual void
+    _pre ();
+
+    virtual void
+    name (const std::string&);
+
+    virtual void
+    born (const std::string&);
+
+    virtual void
+    died (const std::string&);
+
+    virtual person
+    post_person ();
+
+  private:
+    person person_;
+  };
+
+  //
+  //
+  struct author_pimpl: author_pskel
+  {
+    author_pimpl ();
+
+    virtual void
+    _pre ();
+
+    virtual void
+    recommends (const std::string&);
+
+    virtual author
+    post_author ();
+
+  private:
+    person_pimpl base_impl_;
+    author author_;
+  };
+
+  //
+  //
+  struct book_pimpl: book_pskel
+  {
+    virtual void
+    _pre ();
+
+    virtual void
+    isbn (library::isbn);
+
+    virtual void
+    title (const library::title&);
+
+    virtual void
+    genre (library::genre);
+
+    virtual void
+    author (const library::author&);
+
+    virtual void
+    available (bool);
+
+    virtual void
+    id (const std::string&);
+
+    virtual book
+    post_book ();
+
+  private:
+    book book_;
+  };
+
+  //
+  //
+  struct catalog_pimpl: catalog_pskel
+  {
+    virtual void
+    _pre ();
+
+    virtual void
+    book (const library::book&);
+
+    virtual catalog
+    post_catalog ();
+
+  private:
+    catalog catalog_;
+  };
+}
+
+#endif // LIBRARY_PIMPL_HXX
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/library/library.hxx b/examples/cxx/parser/library/library.hxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fb6cc1d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/library/library.hxx
@@ -0,0 +1,242 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/parser/library/library.hxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#ifndef LIBRARY_HXX
+#define LIBRARY_HXX
+
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace library
+{
+  //
+  //
+  typedef unsigned int isbn;
+
+
+  //
+  //
+  struct title: std::string
+  {
+    // lang
+    //
+    const std::string&
+    lang () const
+    {
+      return lang_;
+    }
+
+    void
+    lang (const std::string& lang)
+    {
+      lang_ = lang;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    std::string lang_;
+  };
+
+
+  //
+  //
+  enum genre
+  {
+    romance,
+    fiction,
+    horror,
+    history,
+    philosophy
+  };
+
+
+  //
+  //
+  struct person
+  {
+    // name
+    //
+    const std::string&
+    name () const
+    {
+      return name_;
+    }
+
+    void
+    name (const std::string& name)
+    {
+      name_ = name;
+    }
+
+    // born
+    //
+    const std::string&
+    born () const
+    {
+      return born_;
+    }
+
+    void
+    born (const std::string& born)
+    {
+      born_ = born;
+    }
+
+
+    // died
+    //
+    const std::string&
+    died () const
+    {
+      return died_;
+    }
+
+    void
+    died (const std::string& died)
+    {
+      died_ = died;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    std::string name_;
+    std::string born_;
+    std::string died_;
+  };
+
+
+  //
+  //
+  struct author: person
+  {
+    // recommends
+    //
+    const std::string&
+    recommends () const
+    {
+      return recommends_;
+    }
+
+    void
+    recommends (const std::string& recommends)
+    {
+      recommends_ = recommends;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    std::string recommends_;
+  };
+
+
+  //
+  //
+  struct book
+  {
+    // isbn
+    //
+    library::isbn
+    isbn () const
+    {
+      return isbn_;
+    }
+
+    void
+    isbn (const library::isbn& isbn)
+    {
+      isbn_ = isbn;
+    }
+
+
+    // title
+    //
+    library::title
+    title () const
+    {
+      return title_;
+    }
+
+    void
+    title (const library::title& title)
+    {
+      title_ = title;
+    }
+
+
+    // genre
+    //
+    library::genre
+    genre () const
+    {
+      return genre_;
+    }
+
+    void
+    genre (const library::genre& genre)
+    {
+      genre_ = genre;
+    }
+
+
+    // author
+    //
+    typedef std::vector<library::author> authors;
+
+    const authors&
+    author () const
+    {
+      return author_;
+    }
+
+    authors&
+    author ()
+    {
+      return author_;
+    }
+
+
+    // available
+    //
+    bool
+    available () const
+    {
+      return available_;
+    }
+
+    void
+    available (bool available)
+    {
+      available_ = available;
+    }
+
+
+    // id
+    //
+    const std::string&
+    id () const
+    {
+      return id_;
+    }
+
+    void
+    id (const std::string& id)
+    {
+      id_ = id;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    library::isbn  isbn_;
+    library::title title_;
+    library::genre genre_;
+
+    authors author_;
+
+    bool available_;
+    std::string id_;
+  };
+
+
+  //
+  //
+  typedef std::vector<book> catalog;
+}
+
+#endif // LIBRARY_HXX
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/library/library.map b/examples/cxx/parser/library/library.map
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..87a1d53
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/library/library.map
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+# file      : examples/cxx/parser/library/library.map
+# author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+# copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+namespace http://www.codesynthesis.com/library library
+{
+  include "library.hxx";
+
+  isbn    isbn isbn;
+  title   title;
+  genre   genre genre;
+  person  person;
+  author  author;
+  book    book;
+  catalog catalog;
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/library/library.xml b/examples/cxx/parser/library/library.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2d9069c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/library/library.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/parser/library/library.xml
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<lib:catalog xmlns:lib="http://www.codesynthesis.com/library"
+             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+	     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.codesynthesis.com/library library.xsd">
+
+  <book id="MM" available="false">
+    <isbn>0679760806</isbn>
+    <title>The Master and Margarita</title>
+    <genre>fiction</genre>
+
+    <author recommends="WP">
+      <name>Mikhail Bulgakov</name>
+      <born>1891-05-15</born>
+      <died>1940-03-10</died>
+    </author>
+  </book>
+
+
+  <book id="WP" available="true" >
+    <isbn>0679600841</isbn>
+    <title>War and Peace</title>
+    <genre>history</genre>
+
+    <author recommends="CP">
+      <name>Leo Tolstoy</name>
+      <born>1828-09-09</born>
+      <died>1910-11-20</died>
+    </author>
+  </book>
+
+
+  <book id="CP" available="false">
+    <isbn>0679420290</isbn>
+    <title>Crime and Punishment</title>
+    <genre>philosophy</genre>
+
+    <author>
+      <name>Fyodor Dostoevsky</name>
+      <born>1821-11-11</born>
+      <died>1881-02-09</died>
+    </author>
+  </book>
+
+</lib:catalog>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/library/library.xsd b/examples/cxx/parser/library/library.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..57654c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/library/library.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/parser/library/library.xsd
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
+            xmlns:lib="http://www.codesynthesis.com/library"
+            targetNamespace="http://www.codesynthesis.com/library">
+
+  <xsd:simpleType name="isbn">
+    <xsd:restriction base="xsd:unsignedInt"/>
+  </xsd:simpleType>
+
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="title">
+    <xsd:simpleContent>
+      <xsd:extension base="xsd:string">
+        <xsd:attribute name="lang" type="xsd:string"/>
+      </xsd:extension>
+    </xsd:simpleContent>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+
+  <xsd:simpleType name="genre">
+    <xsd:restriction base="xsd:string">
+      <xsd:enumeration value="romance"/>
+      <xsd:enumeration value="fiction"/>
+      <xsd:enumeration value="horror"/>
+      <xsd:enumeration value="history"/>
+      <xsd:enumeration value="philosophy"/>
+    </xsd:restriction>
+  </xsd:simpleType>
+
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="person">
+    <xsd:sequence>
+      <xsd:element name="name" type="xsd:string"/>
+      <xsd:element name="born" type="xsd:string"/>
+      <xsd:element name="died" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0"/>
+    </xsd:sequence>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="author">
+    <xsd:complexContent>
+      <xsd:extension base="lib:person">
+	<xsd:attribute name="recommends" type="xsd:IDREF"/> <!-- Book -->
+      </xsd:extension>
+    </xsd:complexContent>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="book">
+    <xsd:sequence>
+      <xsd:element name="isbn" type="lib:isbn"/>
+      <xsd:element name="title" type="lib:title"/>
+      <xsd:element name="genre" type="lib:genre"/>
+      <xsd:element name="author" type="lib:author" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xsd:sequence>
+    <xsd:attribute name="available" type="xsd:boolean" use="required"/>
+    <xsd:attribute name="id" type="xsd:ID" use="required"/>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="catalog">
+    <xsd:sequence>
+      <xsd:element name="book" type="lib:book" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xsd:sequence>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+
+  <xsd:element name="catalog" type="lib:catalog"/>
+
+</xsd:schema>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/library/makefile b/examples/cxx/parser/library/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3df256c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/library/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+# file      : examples/cxx/parser/library/makefile
+# author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+# copyright : Copyright (c) 2005-2009 Code Synthesis Tools CC
+# license   : GNU GPL v2 + exceptions; see accompanying LICENSE file
+
+include $(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))../../../../build/bootstrap.make
+
+xsd := library.xsd
+cxx := driver.cxx
+
+ifeq ($(xsde_reuse_style),mixin)
+cxx += library-pimpl-mixin.cxx
+else
+cxx += library-pimpl-tiein.cxx
+endif
+
+obj := $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(cxx:.cxx=.o) $(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.o))
+dep := $(obj:.o=.o.d)
+
+xsde.l             := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l
+xsde.l.cpp-options := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l.cpp-options
+
+driver := $(out_base)/driver
+clean  := $(out_base)/.clean
+
+
+# Build.
+#
+$(driver): $(obj) $(xsde.l)
+
+$(obj) $(dep): cpp_options := -I$(out_base) -I$(src_base)
+$(obj) $(dep): $(xsde.l.cpp-options)
+
+skel := $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.hxx) \
+        $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.ixx) \
+        $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.cxx)
+
+$(skel): xsde := $(out_root)/xsde/xsde
+$(skel): xsde_options += --generate-inline --type-map $(src_base)/library.map
+
+$(skel): $(out_root)/xsde/xsde $(src_base)/library.map
+
+$(call include-dep,$(dep))
+
+# Convenience alias for default target.
+#
+.PHONY: $(out_base)/
+$(out_base)/: $(driver)
+
+
+# Clean.
+#
+.PHONY: $(clean)
+
+$(clean): $(driver).o.clean                                \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(obj))                           \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(dep))                           \
+  $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.cxx.xsd.clean))
+
+
+# How to.
+#
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/o-e.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-o.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-d.make)
+$(call include,$(scf_root)/xsde/parser/xsd-cxx.make)
+
+
+# Dependencies.
+#
+$(call import,$(src_root)/xsde/makefile)
+$(call import,$(src_root)/libxsde/xsde/makefile)
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/makefile b/examples/cxx/parser/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5a81a72
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+# file      : examples/cxx/parser/makefile
+# author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+# copyright : Copyright (c) 2006-2009 Code Synthesis Tools CC
+# license   : GNU GPL v2 + exceptions; see accompanying LICENSE file
+
+include $(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))../../../build/bootstrap.make
+
+examples :=
+
+ifneq ($(xsde_reuse_style),none)
+examples += generated
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(xsde_stl),y)
+ifeq ($(xsde_iostream),y)
+ifeq ($(xsde_exceptions),y)
+
+examples += hello
+
+ifneq ($(xsde_reuse_style),none)
+examples += library multiroot
+
+ifeq ($(xsde_polymorphic),y)
+examples += polymorphism polyroot
+endif
+
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(xsde_reuse_style),tiein)
+examples += mixed wildcard
+endif
+
+endif
+endif
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(xsde_stl),n)
+ifeq ($(xsde_exceptions),n)
+ifneq ($(xsde_reuse_style),none)
+examples += minimal
+endif
+endif
+endif
+
+default   := $(out_base)/
+clean     := $(out_base)/.clean
+
+.PHONY: $(default) $(clean)
+
+$(default): $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(addsuffix /,$(examples)))
+$(clean): $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(addsuffix /.clean,$(examples)))
+
+$(foreach e,$(examples),$(call import,$(src_base)/$e/makefile))
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/minimal/README b/examples/cxx/parser/minimal/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a525533
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/minimal/README
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+This example is a minimal parser implementation that is
+intended to work without STL, iostream, or C++ exceptions.
+
+The example consists of the following files:
+
+people.xsd
+  XML Schema which describes a collection of person
+  records.
+
+people.xml
+  Sample XML instance document.
+
+gender.hxx
+  C++ gender enum that corresponds to the gender types
+  in people.xsd.
+
+people.map
+  Type map. It maps XML Schema gender type defined in
+  people.xsd to C++ gender enum defined in gender.hxx.
+
+people-pskel.hxx
+people-pskel.ixx
+people-pskel.cxx
+  Parser skeletons generated by XSD/e from people.xsd and
+  people.map. The --no-stl and --no-exceptions options
+  were used to produce these files.
+
+people-pimpl-mixin.hxx
+
+people-pimpl-tiein.hxx
+  Parser implementations (using either mixin or tiein parser
+  reuse style) that prints the results to STDERR. These are
+  hand-written implementations of the parser skeletons defined
+  in people-pskel.hxx.
+
+driver.cxx
+  Driver for the example. It first constructs a parser instance
+  from the parser implementation mentioned above and a couple of
+  predefined parsers for the XML Schema built-in types. In then
+  invokes this parser instance to parse the input file. It also
+  shows how to handle parsing and validation errors using error
+  codes.
+
+To run the example on the sample XML instance document simply
+execute:
+
+$ ./driver people.xml
+
+The example reads from STDIN if input file is not specified:
+
+$ ./driver <people.xml
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/minimal/driver.cxx b/examples/cxx/parser/minimal/driver.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e526358
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/minimal/driver.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/parser/minimal/driver.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#include "people-pskel.hxx" // Get the configuration macros (XSDE_*).
+
+#if defined(XSDE_REUSE_STYLE_MIXIN)
+#  include "people-pimpl-mixin.hxx"
+#elif defined(XSDE_REUSE_STYLE_TIEIN)
+#  include "people-pimpl-tiein.hxx"
+#else
+#  error this example requires mixin or tiein parser reuse support
+#endif
+
+int
+main (int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+  const char* input;
+
+  if (argc < 2)
+  {
+    input = "STDIN";
+    fprintf (stderr, "XML file not specified, reading from STDIN\n");
+  }
+  else
+    input = argv[1];
+
+  // Construct the parser.
+  //
+  xml_schema::unsigned_short_pimpl unsigned_short_p;
+  xml_schema::string_pimpl string_p;
+
+  gender_pimpl gender_p;
+  person_pimpl person_p;
+  people_pimpl people_p;
+
+  person_p.parsers (string_p, string_p, gender_p, unsigned_short_p);
+  people_p.parsers (person_p);
+
+  // Open the file or use STDIN.
+  //
+  FILE* f = argc > 1 ? fopen (argv[1], "rb") : stdin;
+
+  if (f == 0)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "%s: unable to open\n", input);
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  // Parse.
+  //
+  typedef xml_schema::parser_error error;
+  error e;
+  bool io_error = false;
+
+  do
+  {
+    xml_schema::document_pimpl doc_p (people_p, "people");
+
+    if (e = doc_p._error ())
+      break;
+
+    people_p.pre ();
+
+    if (e = people_p._error ())
+      break;
+
+    char buf[4096];
+
+    do
+    {
+      size_t s = fread (buf, 1, sizeof (buf), f);
+
+      if (s != sizeof (buf) && ferror (f))
+      {
+        io_error = true;
+        break;
+      }
+
+      doc_p.parse (buf, s, feof (f) != 0);
+      e = doc_p._error ();
+
+    } while (!e && !feof (f));
+
+    if (io_error || e)
+      break;
+
+    people_p.post_people ();
+
+    e = people_p._error ();
+
+  } while (false);
+
+  if (argc > 1)
+    fclose (f);
+
+  // Handle errors.
+  //
+
+  if (io_error)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "%s: read failure\n", input);
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  if (e)
+  {
+    switch (e.type ())
+    {
+    case error::sys:
+      {
+        fprintf (stderr, "%s: %s\n", input, e.sys_text ());
+        break;
+      }
+    case error::xml:
+      {
+        fprintf (stderr, "%s:%lu:%lu: %s\n",
+                 input, e.line (), e.column (), e.xml_text ());
+        break;
+      }
+#ifdef XSDE_PARSER_VALIDATION
+    case error::schema:
+      {
+        fprintf (stderr, "%s:%lu:%lu: %s\n",
+                 input, e.line (), e.column (), e.schema_text ());
+        break;
+      }
+#endif
+    case error::app:
+      {
+        fprintf (stderr, "%s:%lu:%lu: application error %d\n",
+                 input, e.line (), e.column (), e.app_code ());
+        break;
+      }
+    default:
+      break;
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/minimal/gender.hxx b/examples/cxx/parser/minimal/gender.hxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d348ccd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/minimal/gender.hxx
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/parser/minimal/gender.hxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#ifndef GENDER_HXX
+#define GENDER_HXX
+
+enum gender
+{
+  male,
+  female
+};
+
+#endif // GENDER_HXX
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/minimal/makefile b/examples/cxx/parser/minimal/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1f0466c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/minimal/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+# file      : examples/cxx/parser/minimal/makefile
+# author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+# copyright : Copyright (c) 2005-2009 Code Synthesis Tools CC
+# license   : GNU GPL v2 + exceptions; see accompanying LICENSE file
+
+include $(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))../../../../build/bootstrap.make
+
+xsd := people.xsd
+cxx := driver.cxx
+
+obj := $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(cxx:.cxx=.o) $(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.o))
+dep := $(obj:.o=.o.d)
+
+xsde.l             := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l
+xsde.l.cpp-options := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l.cpp-options
+
+driver := $(out_base)/driver
+clean  := $(out_base)/.clean
+
+
+# Build.
+#
+$(driver): $(obj) $(xsde.l)
+
+$(obj) $(dep): cpp_options := -I$(out_base) -I$(src_base)
+$(obj) $(dep): $(xsde.l.cpp-options)
+
+skel := $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.hxx) \
+        $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.ixx) \
+        $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.cxx)
+
+$(skel): xsde := $(out_root)/xsde/xsde
+$(skel): xsde_options += --type-map $(src_base)/people.map
+
+$(skel): $(out_root)/xsde/xsde $(src_base)/people.map
+
+$(call include-dep,$(dep))
+
+# Convenience alias for default target.
+#
+.PHONY: $(out_base)/
+$(out_base)/: $(driver)
+
+
+# Clean.
+#
+.PHONY: $(clean)
+
+$(clean): $(driver).o.clean                                 \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(obj))                            \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(dep))                            \
+  $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.cxx.xsd.clean))
+
+
+# How to.
+#
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/o-e.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-o.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-d.make)
+$(call include,$(scf_root)/xsde/parser/xsd-cxx.make)
+
+
+# Dependencies.
+#
+$(call import,$(src_root)/xsde/makefile)
+$(call import,$(src_root)/libxsde/xsde/makefile)
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/minimal/people-pimpl-mixin.hxx b/examples/cxx/parser/minimal/people-pimpl-mixin.hxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eb2c331
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/minimal/people-pimpl-mixin.hxx
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/parser/people/people-pimpl-mixin.hxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#ifndef PEOPLE_PIMPL_HXX
+#define PEOPLE_PIMPL_HXX
+
+#include "gender.hxx"
+#include "people-pskel.hxx"
+
+struct gender_pimpl: virtual gender_pskel, xml_schema::string_pimpl
+{
+  virtual gender
+  post_gender ()
+  {
+    char* s = post_string ();
+
+    if (!_error ())
+    {
+      gender g = strcmp (s, "male") ? female : male;
+
+      delete[] s;
+      return g;
+    }
+    else
+      return male; // This value will never be used.
+  }
+};
+
+struct person_pimpl: virtual person_pskel
+{
+  virtual void
+  first_name (char* n)
+  {
+    printf ("first: %s\n", n);
+    delete[] n;
+  }
+
+  virtual void
+  last_name (char* n)
+  {
+    printf ("last: %s\n", n);
+    delete[] n;
+  }
+
+  virtual void
+  gender (::gender g)
+  {
+    switch (g)
+    {
+    case male:
+      {
+        printf ("gender: male\n");
+        break;
+      }
+    case female:
+      {
+        printf ("gender: female\n");
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  virtual void
+  age (unsigned short a)
+  {
+    printf ("age: %hu\n", a);
+  }
+};
+
+struct people_pimpl: virtual people_pskel
+{
+  virtual void
+  person ()
+  {
+    // Add an extra newline after each person record.
+    //
+    printf ("\n");
+  }
+};
+
+#endif // PEOPLE_PIMPL_HXX
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/minimal/people-pimpl-tiein.hxx b/examples/cxx/parser/minimal/people-pimpl-tiein.hxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..154c861
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/minimal/people-pimpl-tiein.hxx
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/parser/people/people-pimpl-tiein.hxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#ifndef PEOPLE_PIMPL_HXX
+#define PEOPLE_PIMPL_HXX
+
+#include "gender.hxx"
+#include "people-pskel.hxx"
+
+struct gender_pimpl: gender_pskel
+{
+  gender_pimpl ()
+      : gender_pskel (&base_impl_)
+  {
+  }
+
+  virtual gender
+  post_gender ()
+  {
+    char* s = post_string ();
+
+    if (!_error ())
+    {
+      gender g = strcmp (s, "male") ? female : male;
+
+      delete[] s;
+      return g;
+    }
+    else
+      return male; // This value will never be used.
+  }
+
+private:
+  xml_schema::string_pimpl base_impl_;
+};
+
+struct person_pimpl: person_pskel
+{
+  virtual void
+  first_name (char* n)
+  {
+    printf ("first: %s\n", n);
+    delete[] n;
+  }
+
+  virtual void
+  last_name (char* n)
+  {
+    printf ("last: %s\n", n);
+    delete[] n;
+  }
+
+  virtual void
+  gender (::gender g)
+  {
+    switch (g)
+    {
+    case male:
+      {
+        printf ("gender: male\n");
+        break;
+      }
+    case female:
+      {
+        printf ("gender: female\n");
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  virtual void
+  age (unsigned short a)
+  {
+    printf ("age: %hu\n", a);
+  }
+};
+
+struct people_pimpl: people_pskel
+{
+  virtual void
+  person ()
+  {
+    // Add an extra newline after each person record.
+    //
+    printf ("\n");
+  }
+};
+
+#endif // PEOPLE_PIMPL_HXX
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/minimal/people.map b/examples/cxx/parser/minimal/people.map
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..05558a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/minimal/people.map
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# file      : examples/cxx/parser/minimal/people.map
+# author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+# copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+include "gender.hxx";
+
+gender ::gender ::gender;
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/minimal/people.xml b/examples/cxx/parser/minimal/people.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fce688c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/minimal/people.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/parser/minimal/people.xml
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<people xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+        xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="people.xsd">
+
+  <person>
+    <first-name>John</first-name>
+    <last-name>Doe</last-name>
+    <gender>male</gender>
+    <age>32</age>
+  </person>
+
+  <person>
+    <first-name>Jane</first-name>
+    <last-name>Doe</last-name>
+    <gender>female</gender>
+    <age>28</age>
+  </person>
+
+</people>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/minimal/people.xsd b/examples/cxx/parser/minimal/people.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d2e8f47
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/minimal/people.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/parser/minimal/people.xsd
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
+
+  <xsd:simpleType name="gender">
+    <xsd:restriction base="xsd:string">
+      <xsd:enumeration value="male"/>
+      <xsd:enumeration value="female"/>
+    </xsd:restriction>
+  </xsd:simpleType>
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="person">
+    <xsd:sequence>
+      <xsd:element name="first-name" type="xsd:string"/>
+      <xsd:element name="last-name" type="xsd:string"/>
+      <xsd:element name="gender" type="gender"/>
+      <xsd:element name="age" type="xsd:unsignedShort"/>
+    </xsd:sequence>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="people">
+    <xsd:sequence>
+      <xsd:element name="person" type="person" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xsd:sequence>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:element name="people" type="people"/>
+
+</xsd:schema>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/mixed/README b/examples/cxx/parser/mixed/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..69d2b07
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/mixed/README
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+This example shows how to handle "type-less content" such as
+mixed content models, xsd:anyType/xsd:anySimpleType, and
+xsd:any/xsd:anyAttribute in the Embedded C++/Parser mapping.
+
+In this example we use mixed content model to describe text
+with embedded links, e.g.,
+
+    This paragraph talks about <a href="uri">time</a>.
+
+The example transforms such text into plain text with
+references, e.g.,
+
+    This paragraph talks about time[0].
+
+    [0] uri
+
+The example consists of the following files:
+
+text.xsd
+  XML Schema which describes "text with links" instance
+  documents.
+
+text.xml
+  Sample XML instance document.
+
+anchor.hxx
+  Anchor type that captures the information about a link.
+
+text.map
+  Type map. It maps XML Schema anchor types defined in
+  text.xsd to C++ anchor class defined in anchor.hxx.
+
+text-pskel.hxx
+text-pskel.ixx
+text-pskel.cxx
+  Parser skeletons generated by XSD/e from text.xsd and
+  text.map.
+
+driver.cxx
+  A parser implementation and a driver for the example. The
+  parser implementation prints the transformed text to STDOUT.
+  The driver first constructs a parser instance from the parser
+  implementation mentioned above and a couple of predefined
+  parsers for the XML Schema built-in types. In then invokes
+  this parser instance to parse the input file.
+
+To run the example on the sample XML instance document simply
+execute:
+
+$ ./driver text.xml
+
+The example reads from STDIN if input file is not specified:
+
+$ ./driver <text.xml
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/mixed/anchor.hxx b/examples/cxx/parser/mixed/anchor.hxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bc1b54d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/mixed/anchor.hxx
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/parser/mixed/anchor.hxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#ifndef ANCHOR_HXX
+#define ANCHOR_HXX
+
+#include <string>
+
+struct anchor
+{
+  anchor (const std::string& text, const std::string& uri)
+      : uri_ (uri), text_ (text)
+  {
+  }
+
+  const std::string&
+  text () const
+  {
+    return text_;
+  }
+
+  const std::string&
+  uri () const
+  {
+    return uri_;
+  }
+
+private:
+  std::string uri_;
+  std::string text_;
+};
+
+#endif // ANCHOR_HXX
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/mixed/driver.cxx b/examples/cxx/parser/mixed/driver.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..13877b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/mixed/driver.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/parser/mixed/driver.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "anchor.hxx"
+#include "text-pskel.hxx"
+
+#ifndef XSDE_REUSE_STYLE_TIEIN
+#  error this example requires the tiein parser reuse support
+#endif
+
+using namespace std;
+
+struct anchor_pimpl: anchor_pskel
+{
+  anchor_pimpl ()
+      : anchor_pskel (&base_impl_)
+  {
+  }
+
+  virtual void
+  href (const std::string& uri)
+  {
+    uri_ = uri;
+  }
+
+  virtual anchor
+  post_anchor ()
+  {
+    return anchor (post_string (), uri_);
+  }
+
+private:
+  xml_schema::string_pimpl base_impl_;
+  std::string uri_;
+};
+
+
+struct text_pimpl: text_pskel
+{
+  virtual void
+  a (const anchor& a)
+  {
+    cout << a.text () << "[" << anchors_.size () << "]";
+    anchors_.push_back (a);
+  }
+
+  virtual void
+  _any_characters (const xml_schema::ro_string& s)
+  {
+    cout << s;
+  }
+
+  virtual void
+  post_text ()
+  {
+    for (anchors::const_iterator i (anchors_.begin ());
+         i != anchors_.end ();
+         ++i)
+    {
+      cout << "[" << i - anchors_.begin () << "] " << i->uri () << endl;
+    }
+  }
+
+private:
+  typedef vector<anchor> anchors;
+  anchors anchors_;
+};
+
+
+int
+main (int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+  const char* input;
+
+  if (argc < 2)
+  {
+    input = "STDIN";
+    cerr << "XML file not specified, reading from STDIN" << endl;
+  }
+  else
+    input = argv[1];
+
+  try
+  {
+    // Construct the parser.
+    //
+    xml_schema::string_pimpl string_p;
+    anchor_pimpl anchor_p;
+    text_pimpl text_p;
+
+    anchor_p.href_parser (string_p);
+    text_p.a_parser (anchor_p);
+
+    xml_schema::document_pimpl doc_p (text_p, "text");
+
+    text_p.pre ();
+
+    if (argc < 2)
+      doc_p.parse (cin);
+    else
+      doc_p.parse (argv[1]);
+
+    text_p.post_text ();
+  }
+  catch (const xml_schema::parser_exception& e)
+  {
+    cerr << input << ":" << e.line () << ":" << e.column () << ": "
+         << e.text () << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+  catch (const std::ios_base::failure&)
+  {
+    cerr << input << ": unable to open or read failure" << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/mixed/makefile b/examples/cxx/parser/mixed/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f41fae3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/mixed/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+# file      : examples/cxx/parser/mixed/makefile
+# author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+# copyright : Copyright (c) 2005-2009 Code Synthesis Tools CC
+# license   : GNU GPL v2 + exceptions; see accompanying LICENSE file
+
+include $(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))../../../../build/bootstrap.make
+
+xsd := text.xsd
+cxx := driver.cxx
+
+obj := $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(cxx:.cxx=.o) $(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.o))
+dep := $(obj:.o=.o.d)
+
+xsde.l             := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l
+xsde.l.cpp-options := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l.cpp-options
+
+driver := $(out_base)/driver
+clean  := $(out_base)/.clean
+
+
+# Build.
+#
+$(driver): $(obj) $(xsde.l)
+
+$(obj) $(dep): cpp_options := -I$(out_base) -I$(src_base)
+$(obj) $(dep): $(xsde.l.cpp-options)
+
+skel := $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.hxx) \
+        $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.ixx) \
+        $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.cxx)
+
+$(skel): xsde := $(out_root)/xsde/xsde
+$(skel): xsde_options += --type-map $(src_base)/text.map
+
+$(skel): $(out_root)/xsde/xsde $(src_base)/text.map
+
+$(call include-dep,$(dep))
+
+# Convenience alias for default target.
+#
+.PHONY: $(out_base)/
+$(out_base)/: $(driver)
+
+
+# Clean.
+#
+.PHONY: $(clean)
+
+$(clean): $(driver).o.clean                            \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(obj))                       \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(dep))                       \
+  $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.cxx.xsd.clean))
+
+
+# How to.
+#
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/o-e.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-o.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-d.make)
+$(call include,$(scf_root)/xsde/parser/xsd-cxx.make)
+
+
+# Dependencies.
+#
+$(call import,$(src_root)/xsde/makefile)
+$(call import,$(src_root)/libxsde/xsde/makefile)
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/mixed/text.map b/examples/cxx/parser/mixed/text.map
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..206d72e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/mixed/text.map
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# file      : examples/cxx/parser/mixed/text.map
+# author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+# copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+include "anchor.hxx";
+
+anchor anchor;
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/mixed/text.xml b/examples/cxx/parser/mixed/text.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..97d4d21
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/mixed/text.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/parser/text/text.xml
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<text xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+      xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="text.xsd">
+      
+The first paragraph of this text talks about <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/time">time</a>.
+  
+And this paragraph talks about <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/space">space</a>.
+
+</text>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/mixed/text.xsd b/examples/cxx/parser/mixed/text.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4929964
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/mixed/text.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/parser/mixed/text.xsd
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="anchor">
+    <xsd:simpleContent>
+      <xsd:extension base="xsd:string">
+        <xsd:attribute name="href" type="xsd:string" use="required"/>
+      </xsd:extension>
+    </xsd:simpleContent>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="text" mixed="true">
+    <xsd:sequence>
+      <xsd:element name="a" type="anchor" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xsd:sequence>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:element name="text" type="text"/>
+
+</xsd:schema>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/README b/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..817e522
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/README
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+This example shows how to handle XML vocabularies with multiple
+root elements using the Embedded C++/Parser mapping.
+
+The example consists of the following files:
+
+protocol.xsd
+  XML Schema which defines a simple bank account protocol with
+  requests such as withdraw and deposit.
+
+balance.xml
+withdraw.xml
+deposit.xml
+  Sample XML instances for the protocol requests.
+
+protocol.hxx
+  C++ types that describe the protocol requests. These are
+  hand-written.
+
+protocol.map
+  Type map. It maps XML Schema types defined in protocol.xsd
+  to the C++ types defined in protocol.hxx.
+
+protocol-pskel.hxx
+protocol-pskel.cxx
+  Parser skeletons generated by XSD/e from protocol.xsd and
+  protocol.map.
+
+protocol-pimpl-mixin.hxx
+protocol-pimpl-mixin.cxx
+
+protocol-pimpl-tiein.hxx
+protocol-pimpl-tiein.cxx
+  Parser implementations (using either mixin or tiein parser
+  reuse style) that construct the custom object model from an
+  XML instance using the types from protocol.hxx. These are
+  hand-written implementations of the parser skeletons defined
+  in protocol-pskel.hxx.
+
+driver.cxx
+  Driver for the example. It implements a custom document parser
+  that determines which request is being parsed and uses the
+  corresponding parser implementation. The document parser
+  intentionally does not support the deposit request to show
+  how to handle unknown documents. The driver first constructs
+  a parser instance from all the individual parsers found in one
+  of protocol-pimpl-*.hxx. In then invokes this parser instance
+  to parse the input file and produce the in-memory object model.
+  Finally, it prints the contents of the object model to STDERR.
+
+To run the example on the sample XML request documents simply
+execute:
+
+$ ./driver balance.xml
+$ ./driver withdraw.xml
+$ ./driver deposit.xml
+
+The example reads from STDIN if input file is not specified:
+
+$ ./driver <balance.xml
+$ ./driver <withdraw.xml
+$ ./driver <deposit.xml
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/balance.xml b/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/balance.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..df0a6e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/balance.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/balance.xml
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<p:balance xmlns:p="http://www.codesynthesis.com/protocol"
+           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+	   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.codesynthesis.com/protocol protocol.xsd">
+
+  <account>123456789</account>
+
+</p:balance>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/deposit.xml b/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/deposit.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3043c52
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/deposit.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/deposit.xml
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<p:deposit xmlns:p="http://www.codesynthesis.com/protocol"
+           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+	   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.codesynthesis.com/protocol protocol.xsd">
+
+  <account>123456789</account>
+  <amount>1000000</amount>
+
+</p:deposit>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/driver.cxx b/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/driver.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..32aced2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/driver.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,245 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/driver.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#include <memory>   // std::auto_ptr
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "protocol.hxx"
+#include "protocol-pskel.hxx" // Get the configuration macros (XSDE_*).
+
+#if defined(XSDE_REUSE_STYLE_MIXIN)
+#  include "protocol-pimpl-mixin.hxx"
+#elif defined(XSDE_REUSE_STYLE_TIEIN)
+#  include "protocol-pimpl-tiein.hxx"
+#else
+#  error this example requires mixin or tiein parser reuse support
+#endif
+
+using std::cerr;
+using std::endl;
+using xml_schema::ro_string;
+
+namespace protocol
+{
+  // We are going to use our own "type ids" for the request
+  // types. You could instead use dynamic_cast if your system
+  // provides RTTI.
+  //
+  enum request_type
+  {
+    unknown_type,
+    balance_type,
+    withdraw_type
+  };
+
+  // Customize the xml_schema::document_pimpl object to handle our protocol
+  // vocabulary with multiple root elements.
+  //
+  class document_pimpl: public xml_schema::document_pimpl
+  {
+  public:
+    document_pimpl (balance_pskel& balance_p, withdraw_pskel& withdraw_p)
+        : result_type_ (unknown_type),
+          balance_p_ (balance_p),
+          withdraw_p_ (withdraw_p)
+    {
+    }
+
+    request_type
+    result_type () const
+    {
+      return result_type_;
+    }
+
+    request*
+    result ()
+    {
+      return result_.release ();
+    }
+
+  protected:
+    // This function is called to obtain the root element type parser.
+    // If the returned pointed is 0 then the whole document content
+    // is ignored. Note that the signature of this function varies
+    // depending on whether the runtime was built with polymorphism
+    // support.
+    //
+    virtual xml_schema::parser_base*
+#ifndef XSDE_POLYMORPHIC
+    start_root_element (const ro_string& ns,
+                        const ro_string& name)
+#else
+    start_root_element (const ro_string& ns,
+                        const ro_string& name,
+                        const char* /* xsi:type */)
+#endif
+    {
+      if (ns == "http://www.codesynthesis.com/protocol")
+      {
+        if (name == "balance")
+        {
+          balance_p_.pre ();
+          return &balance_p_;
+        }
+        else if (name == "withdraw")
+        {
+          balance_p_.pre ();
+          return &withdraw_p_;
+        }
+
+        cerr << "ignoring unknown request: " << name << endl;
+        return 0;
+      }
+      else
+      {
+        // This document is from the wrong namespace. If the runtime and
+        // the generated code are built with validation enabled then we
+        // can set an XML Schema error.
+        //
+#ifdef XSDE_PARSER_VALIDATION
+        context_.schema_error (
+          xml_schema::parser_schema_error::unexpected_element);
+#endif
+        return 0;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // This function is called to indicate the completion of document
+    // parsing. The parser argument contains the pointer returned by
+    // start_root_element.
+    //
+    virtual void
+    end_root_element (const ro_string& /* ns */,
+                      const ro_string& /* name */,
+                      xml_schema::parser_base* parser)
+    {
+      // We could have handled the result directly in this function
+      // instead of storing it in the result_ variable.
+      //
+      if (parser == &balance_p_)
+      {
+        result_type_ = balance_type;
+        result_.reset (balance_p_.post_balance ());
+      }
+      else if (parser == &withdraw_p_)
+      {
+        result_type_ = withdraw_type;
+        result_.reset (withdraw_p_.post_withdraw ());
+      }
+      else
+      {
+        result_type_ = unknown_type;
+        result_.reset (0);
+      }
+    }
+
+
+  public:
+    // If we need to be able to reset and reuse the parser after
+    // an error then we also need to override reset() and reset
+    // the root parsers. We can also get smarter here by caching
+    // the parser that was used last and only reset that. Note
+    // that you always need to call _reset() from the base.
+    //
+    virtual void
+    reset ()
+    {
+      xml_schema::document_pimpl::reset ();
+
+      balance_p_._reset ();
+      withdraw_p_._reset ();
+    }
+
+  private:
+    request_type result_type_;
+    std::auto_ptr<request> result_;
+
+    balance_pskel& balance_p_;
+    withdraw_pskel& withdraw_p_;
+  };
+}
+
+
+int
+main (int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+  const char* input;
+
+  if (argc < 2)
+  {
+    input = "STDIN";
+    cerr << "XML file not specified, reading from STDIN" << endl;
+  }
+  else
+    input = argv[1];
+
+  try
+  {
+    using namespace protocol;
+
+    // Construct the parser.
+    //
+    xml_schema::unsigned_int_pimpl unsigned_int_p;
+
+    balance_pimpl balance_p;
+    withdraw_pimpl withdraw_p;
+
+    balance_p.parsers (unsigned_int_p); // account
+
+    withdraw_p.parsers (unsigned_int_p,  // account
+                        unsigned_int_p); // amount
+
+    // Parse the XML instance document.
+    //
+    document_pimpl doc_p (balance_p, withdraw_p);
+
+    // pre() and post() will be called as part of the start_root_element()
+    // and end_root_element() calls.
+    //
+    if (argc < 2)
+      doc_p.parse (std::cin);
+    else
+      doc_p.parse (argv[1]);
+
+    std::auto_ptr<request> r (doc_p.result ());
+    request_type t = doc_p.result_type ();
+
+    // Let's print what we've got.
+    //
+    switch (t)
+    {
+    case balance_type:
+      {
+        balance* b = static_cast<balance*> (r.get ());
+        cerr << "balance request for acc# " << b->account () << endl;
+        break;
+      }
+    case withdraw_type:
+      {
+        withdraw* w = static_cast<withdraw*> (r.get ());
+        cerr << "withdrawal request for acc# " << w->account () << ", "
+             << "amount: " << w->amount () << endl;
+        break;
+      }
+    case unknown_type:
+      {
+        cerr << "unknown request" << endl;
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  catch (const xml_schema::parser_exception& e)
+  {
+    cerr << input << ":" << e.line () << ":" << e.column () << ": "
+         << e.text () << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+  catch (const std::ios_base::failure&)
+  {
+    cerr << input << ": unable to open or read failure" << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/makefile b/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..44e8980
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+# file      : examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/makefile
+# author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+# copyright : Copyright (c) 2005-2009 Code Synthesis Tools CC
+# license   : GNU GPL v2 + exceptions; see accompanying LICENSE file
+
+include $(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))../../../../build/bootstrap.make
+
+xsd := protocol.xsd
+cxx := driver.cxx
+
+ifeq ($(xsde_reuse_style),mixin)
+cxx += protocol-pimpl-mixin.cxx
+else
+cxx += protocol-pimpl-tiein.cxx
+endif
+
+obj := $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(cxx:.cxx=.o) $(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.o))
+dep := $(obj:.o=.o.d)
+
+xsde.l             := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l
+xsde.l.cpp-options := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l.cpp-options
+
+driver := $(out_base)/driver
+clean  := $(out_base)/.clean
+
+
+# Build.
+#
+$(driver): $(obj) $(xsde.l)
+
+$(obj) $(dep): cpp_options := -I$(out_base) -I$(src_base)
+$(obj) $(dep): $(xsde.l.cpp-options)
+
+skel := $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.hxx) \
+        $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.ixx) \
+        $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.cxx)
+
+$(skel): xsde := $(out_root)/xsde/xsde
+$(skel): xsde_options += --type-map $(src_base)/protocol.map
+$(skel): $(out_root)/xsde/xsde $(src_base)/protocol.map
+
+$(call include-dep,$(dep))
+
+# Convenience alias for default target.
+#
+.PHONY: $(out_base)/
+$(out_base)/: $(driver)
+
+
+# Clean.
+#
+.PHONY: $(clean)
+
+$(clean): $(driver).o.clean                                \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(obj))                           \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(dep))                           \
+  $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.cxx.xsd.clean))
+
+
+# How to.
+#
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/o-e.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-o.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-d.make)
+$(call include,$(scf_root)/xsde/parser/xsd-cxx.make)
+
+
+# Dependencies.
+#
+$(call import,$(src_root)/xsde/makefile)
+$(call import,$(src_root)/libxsde/xsde/makefile)
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/protocol-pimpl-mixin.cxx b/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/protocol-pimpl-mixin.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3cfd0b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/protocol-pimpl-mixin.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/protocol-pimpl-mixin.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#include "protocol-pimpl-mixin.hxx"
+
+namespace protocol
+{
+  // request_pimpl
+  //
+  void request_pimpl::
+  account (unsigned int account)
+  {
+    account_ = account;
+  }
+
+  request* request_pimpl::
+  post_request ()
+  {
+    // This parser is never used directly.
+    //
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  // balance_pimpl
+  //
+  balance* balance_pimpl::
+  post_balance ()
+  {
+    return new balance (account_);
+  }
+
+  // withdraw_pimpl
+  //
+  void withdraw_pimpl::
+  amount (unsigned int amount)
+  {
+    amount_ = amount;
+  }
+
+  withdraw* withdraw_pimpl::
+  post_withdraw ()
+  {
+    return new withdraw (account_, amount_);
+  }
+}
+
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/protocol-pimpl-mixin.hxx b/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/protocol-pimpl-mixin.hxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dc26e9a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/protocol-pimpl-mixin.hxx
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/protocol-pimpl-mixin.hxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#ifndef PROTOCOL_PIMPL_HXX
+#define PROTOCOL_PIMPL_HXX
+
+#include "protocol.hxx"
+#include "protocol-pskel.hxx"
+
+namespace protocol
+{
+  class request_pimpl: public virtual request_pskel
+  {
+  public:
+    virtual void
+    account (unsigned int);
+
+    virtual request*
+    post_request ();
+
+  protected:
+    unsigned int account_;
+  };
+
+  class balance_pimpl: public virtual balance_pskel,
+                       public request_pimpl
+  {
+  public:
+    virtual balance*
+    post_balance ();
+  };
+
+  class withdraw_pimpl: public virtual withdraw_pskel,
+                        public request_pimpl
+  {
+  public:
+    virtual void
+    amount (unsigned int);
+
+    virtual withdraw*
+    post_withdraw ();
+
+  private:
+    unsigned int amount_;
+  };
+}
+
+#endif // PROTOCOL_PIMPL_HXX
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/protocol-pimpl-tiein.cxx b/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/protocol-pimpl-tiein.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..def6f98
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/protocol-pimpl-tiein.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/protocol-pimpl-tiein.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#include "protocol-pimpl-tiein.hxx"
+
+namespace protocol
+{
+  // request_pimpl
+  //
+  void request_pimpl::
+  account (unsigned int account)
+  {
+    account_ = account;
+  }
+
+  request* request_pimpl::
+  post_request ()
+  {
+    // This parser is never used directly.
+    //
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  // balance_pimpl
+  //
+  balance_pimpl::
+  balance_pimpl ()
+      : balance_pskel (&base_impl_)
+  {
+  }
+
+  balance* balance_pimpl::
+  post_balance ()
+  {
+    return new balance (base_impl_.account_);
+  }
+
+  // withdraw_pimpl
+  //
+  withdraw_pimpl::
+  withdraw_pimpl ()
+      : withdraw_pskel (&base_impl_)
+  {
+  }
+
+  void withdraw_pimpl::
+  amount (unsigned int amount)
+  {
+    amount_ = amount;
+  }
+
+  withdraw* withdraw_pimpl::
+  post_withdraw ()
+  {
+    return new withdraw (base_impl_.account_, amount_);
+  }
+}
+
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/protocol-pimpl-tiein.hxx b/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/protocol-pimpl-tiein.hxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3a18da0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/protocol-pimpl-tiein.hxx
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/protocol-pimpl-tiein.hxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#ifndef PROTOCOL_PIMPL_HXX
+#define PROTOCOL_PIMPL_HXX
+
+#include "protocol.hxx"
+#include "protocol-pskel.hxx"
+
+namespace protocol
+{
+  class request_pimpl: public request_pskel
+  {
+  public:
+    virtual void
+    account (unsigned int);
+
+    virtual request*
+    post_request ();
+
+  public:
+    unsigned int account_;
+  };
+
+  class balance_pimpl: public balance_pskel
+  {
+  public:
+    balance_pimpl ();
+
+    virtual balance*
+    post_balance ();
+
+  private:
+    request_pimpl base_impl_;
+  };
+
+  class withdraw_pimpl: public withdraw_pskel
+  {
+  public:
+    withdraw_pimpl ();
+
+    virtual void
+    amount (unsigned int);
+
+    virtual withdraw*
+    post_withdraw ();
+
+  private:
+    request_pimpl base_impl_;
+    unsigned int amount_;
+  };
+}
+
+#endif // PROTOCOL_PIMPL_HXX
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/protocol.hxx b/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/protocol.hxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f076140
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/protocol.hxx
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/protocol.hxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#ifndef PROTOCOL_HXX
+#define PROTOCOL_HXX
+
+namespace protocol
+{
+  class request
+  {
+  public:
+    virtual
+    ~request ()
+    {
+    }
+
+    unsigned int
+    account () const
+    {
+      return account_;
+    }
+
+  protected:
+    request (unsigned int account)
+        : account_ (account)
+    {
+    }
+
+  private:
+    unsigned int account_;
+  };
+
+  class balance: public request
+  {
+  public:
+    balance (unsigned int account)
+        : request (account)
+    {
+    }
+  };
+
+  class withdraw: public request
+  {
+  public:
+    withdraw (unsigned int account, unsigned int amount)
+        : request (account), amount_ (amount)
+    {
+    }
+
+    unsigned int
+    amount () const
+    {
+      return amount_;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    unsigned int amount_;
+  };
+}
+
+#endif // PROTOCOL_HXX
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/protocol.map b/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/protocol.map
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..43c0f21
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/protocol.map
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# file      : examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/protocol.map
+# author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+# copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+namespace http://www.codesynthesis.com/protocol protocol
+{
+  include "protocol.hxx";
+
+  request request*;
+  balance balance*;
+  withdraw withdraw*;
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/protocol.xsd b/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/protocol.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4b29926
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/protocol.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/protocol.xsd
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
+            xmlns:p="http://www.codesynthesis.com/protocol"
+            targetNamespace="http://www.codesynthesis.com/protocol">
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="request">
+    <xsd:sequence>
+      <xsd:element name="account" type="xsd:unsignedInt"/>
+    </xsd:sequence>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="balance">
+    <xsd:complexContent>
+      <xsd:extension base="p:request"/>
+    </xsd:complexContent>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="withdraw">
+    <xsd:complexContent>
+      <xsd:extension base="p:request">
+        <xsd:sequence>
+          <xsd:element name="amount" type="xsd:unsignedInt"/>
+        </xsd:sequence>
+      </xsd:extension>
+    </xsd:complexContent>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="deposit">
+    <xsd:complexContent>
+      <xsd:extension base="p:request">
+        <xsd:sequence>
+          <xsd:element name="amount" type="xsd:unsignedInt"/>
+        </xsd:sequence>
+      </xsd:extension>
+    </xsd:complexContent>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:element name="balance" type="p:balance"/>
+  <xsd:element name="withdraw" type="p:withdraw"/>
+  <xsd:element name="deposit" type="p:deposit"/>
+
+</xsd:schema>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/withdraw.xml b/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/withdraw.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7a80aa7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/withdraw.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/parser/multiroot/withdraw.xml
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<p:withdraw xmlns:p="http://www.codesynthesis.com/protocol"
+            xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+	    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.codesynthesis.com/protocol protocol.xsd">
+
+  <account>123456789</account>
+  <amount>1000000</amount>
+
+</p:withdraw>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/polymorphism/README b/examples/cxx/parser/polymorphism/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0b3d749
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/polymorphism/README
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+This example shows how to handle XML Schema polymorphism features such
+as xsi:type attributes and substitution groups in the Embedded C++/Parser
+mapping. The case when xsi:type or substitution groups are used on root
+elements is covered in the polyroot examples.
+
+The example consists of the following files:
+
+supermen.xsd
+  XML Schema which describes supermen instance documents.
+
+supermen.xml
+  Sample XML instance document.
+
+supermen-pskel.hxx
+supermen-pskel.cxx
+  Parser skeletons generated by the XSD/e compiler from supermen.xsd.
+  Note the use of the --generate-polymorphic command line option.
+
+supermen-pimpl-mixin.hxx
+supermen-pimpl-mixin.cxx
+
+supermen-pimpl-tiein.hxx
+supermen-pimpl-tiein.cxx
+  Parser implementations (using either mixin or tiein parser reuse
+  style) that print the XML data to STDOUT.
+
+driver.cxx
+  Driver for the example. It first constructs a parser instance from
+  all the individual parsers found in one of supermen-pimpl-*.hxx. It
+  then invokes this parser instance to parse the input file.
+
+To run the example on the sample XML instance document simply execute:
+
+$ ./driver supermen.xml
+
+The example reads from STDIN if input file is not specified:
+
+$ ./driver <supermen.xml
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/polymorphism/driver.cxx b/examples/cxx/parser/polymorphism/driver.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..907be5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/polymorphism/driver.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/parser/polymorphism/driver.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "supermen-pskel.hxx" // Get the configuration macros (XSDE_*).
+
+#if defined(XSDE_REUSE_STYLE_MIXIN)
+#  include "supermen-pimpl-mixin.hxx"
+#elif defined(XSDE_REUSE_STYLE_TIEIN)
+#  include "supermen-pimpl-tiein.hxx"
+#else
+#  error this example requires mixin or tiein parser reuse support
+#endif
+
+using std::cerr;
+using std::endl;
+
+int
+main (int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+  // Check that the load in substitution and inheritance hashmaps
+  // is not too high.
+  //
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+  float load = (float) xml_schema::parser_smap_elements ();
+  load /= xml_schema::parser_smap_buckets ();
+
+  if (load > 0.8)
+  {
+    cerr << "substitution hashmap load is " << load << endl;
+    cerr << "time to increase XSDE_PARSER_SMAP_BUCKETS" << endl;
+  }
+
+#ifdef XSDE_PARSER_VALIDATION
+  load = (float) xml_schema::parser_imap_elements ();
+  load /= xml_schema::parser_imap_buckets ();
+
+  if (load > 0.8)
+  {
+    cerr << "inheritance hashmap load is " << load << endl;
+    cerr << "time to increase XSDE_PARSER_IMAP_BUCKETS" << endl;
+  }
+#endif
+#endif
+
+  const char* input;
+
+  if (argc < 2)
+  {
+    input = "STDIN";
+    cerr << "XML file not specified, reading from STDIN" << endl;
+  }
+  else
+    input = argv[1];
+
+  try
+  {
+    // Construct the parser.
+    //
+    xml_schema::string_pimpl string_p;
+    xml_schema::boolean_pimpl boolean_p;
+    xml_schema::unsigned_int_pimpl unsigned_int_p;
+
+    person_pimpl person_p;
+    superman_pimpl superman_p;
+    batman_pimpl batman_p;
+
+    xml_schema::parser_map_impl person_map (5); // 5 hashtable buckets
+    supermen_pimpl supermen_p;
+
+
+    person_p.parsers (string_p);
+    superman_p.parsers (string_p, boolean_p);
+    batman_p.parsers (string_p, boolean_p, unsigned_int_p);
+
+    // Here we are specifying several parsers that can be
+    // used to parse the person element.
+    //
+    person_map.insert (person_p);
+    person_map.insert (superman_p);
+    person_map.insert (batman_p);
+
+    supermen_p.person_parser (person_map);
+
+    // Parse the XML document. The last argument to the document's
+    // constructor indicates that we are parsing polymorphic XML
+    // documents.
+    //
+    xml_schema::document_pimpl doc_p (supermen_p, "supermen", true);
+
+    supermen_p.pre ();
+
+    if (argc < 2)
+      doc_p.parse (std::cin);
+    else
+      doc_p.parse (argv[1]);
+
+    supermen_p.post_supermen ();
+  }
+  catch (const xml_schema::parser_exception& e)
+  {
+    cerr << input << ":" << e.line () << ":" << e.column () << ": "
+         << e.text () << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+  catch (const std::ios_base::failure&)
+  {
+    cerr << input << ": unable to open or read failure" << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/polymorphism/makefile b/examples/cxx/parser/polymorphism/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c096e5a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/polymorphism/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+# file      : examples/cxx/parser/polymorphism/makefile
+# author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+# copyright : Copyright (c) 2005-2009 Code Synthesis Tools CC
+# license   : GNU GPL v2 + exceptions; see accompanying LICENSE file
+
+include $(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))../../../../build/bootstrap.make
+
+xsd := supermen.xsd
+cxx := driver.cxx
+
+ifeq ($(xsde_reuse_style),mixin)
+cxx += supermen-pimpl-mixin.cxx
+else
+cxx += supermen-pimpl-tiein.cxx
+endif
+
+obj := $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(cxx:.cxx=.o) $(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.o))
+dep := $(obj:.o=.o.d)
+
+xsde.l             := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l
+xsde.l.cpp-options := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l.cpp-options
+
+driver := $(out_base)/driver
+clean  := $(out_base)/.clean
+
+
+# Build.
+#
+$(driver): $(obj) $(xsde.l)
+
+$(obj) $(dep): cpp_options := -I$(out_base) -I$(src_base)
+$(obj) $(dep): $(xsde.l.cpp-options)
+
+skel := $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.hxx) \
+        $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.ixx) \
+        $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.cxx)
+
+$(skel): xsde := $(out_root)/xsde/xsde
+$(skel): xsde_options += --generate-polymorphic
+$(skel): $(out_root)/xsde/xsde
+
+$(call include-dep,$(dep))
+
+# Convenience alias for default target.
+#
+.PHONY: $(out_base)/
+$(out_base)/: $(driver)
+
+
+# Clean.
+#
+.PHONY: $(clean)
+
+$(clean): $(driver).o.clean                                \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(obj))                           \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(dep))                           \
+  $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.cxx.xsd.clean))
+
+
+# How to.
+#
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/o-e.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-o.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-d.make)
+$(call include,$(scf_root)/xsde/parser/xsd-cxx.make)
+
+
+# Dependencies.
+#
+$(call import,$(src_root)/xsde/makefile)
+$(call import,$(src_root)/libxsde/xsde/makefile)
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/polymorphism/supermen-pimpl-mixin.cxx b/examples/cxx/parser/polymorphism/supermen-pimpl-mixin.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e8fa8e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/polymorphism/supermen-pimpl-mixin.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/parser/polymorphism/supermen-pimpl-mixin.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+//
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "supermen-pimpl-mixin.hxx"
+
+using std::cout;
+using std::endl;
+
+// person_pimpl
+//
+void person_pimpl::
+pre ()
+{
+  cout << "starting to parse person" << endl;
+}
+
+void person_pimpl::
+name (const std::string& v)
+{
+  cout << "name: " << v << endl;
+}
+
+void person_pimpl::
+post_person ()
+{
+  cout << "finished parsing person" << endl
+       << endl;
+}
+
+// superman_pimpl
+//
+void superman_pimpl::
+pre ()
+{
+  cout << "strarting to parse superman" << endl;
+}
+
+void superman_pimpl::
+can_fly (bool v)
+{
+  cout << "can-fly: " << v << endl;
+}
+
+void superman_pimpl::
+post_person ()
+{
+  post_superman ();
+}
+
+void superman_pimpl::
+post_superman ()
+{
+  cout << "finished parsing superman" << endl
+       << endl;
+}
+
+// batman_pimpl
+//
+void batman_pimpl::
+pre ()
+{
+  cout << "starting to parse batman" << endl;
+}
+
+void batman_pimpl::
+wing_span (unsigned int v)
+{
+  cout << "wing-span: " << v << endl;
+}
+
+void batman_pimpl::
+post_superman ()
+{
+  post_batman ();
+}
+
+void batman_pimpl::
+post_batman ()
+{
+  cout << "finished parsing batman" << endl
+       << endl;
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/polymorphism/supermen-pimpl-mixin.hxx b/examples/cxx/parser/polymorphism/supermen-pimpl-mixin.hxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d07215e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/polymorphism/supermen-pimpl-mixin.hxx
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/parser/polymorphism/supermen-pimpl-mixin.hxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#ifndef SUPERMEN_PIMPL_HXX
+#define SUPERMEN_PIMPL_HXX
+
+#include "supermen-pskel.hxx"
+
+class person_pimpl: public virtual person_pskel
+{
+public:
+  virtual void
+  pre ();
+
+  virtual void
+  name (const std::string&);
+
+  virtual void
+  post_person ();
+};
+
+class superman_pimpl: public virtual superman_pskel,
+                      public person_pimpl
+{
+public:
+  virtual void
+  pre ();
+
+  virtual void
+  can_fly (bool);
+
+  // By default, post_superman() calls post_person(). In case of
+  // polymorphic parsing we want the opposite: post_person() calls
+  // post_superman().
+  //
+  virtual void
+  post_person ();
+
+  virtual void
+  post_superman ();
+};
+
+class batman_pimpl: public virtual batman_pskel,
+                    public superman_pimpl
+{
+public:
+  virtual void
+  pre ();
+
+  virtual void
+  wing_span (unsigned int);
+
+  // By default, post_batman() calls post_superman(). In case of
+  // polymorphic parsing we want the opposite: post_superman()
+  // calls post_batman().
+  //
+  virtual void
+  post_superman ();
+
+  virtual void
+  post_batman ();
+};
+
+class supermen_pimpl: public virtual supermen_pskel
+{
+};
+
+#endif // SUPERMEN_PIMPL_HXX
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/polymorphism/supermen-pimpl-tiein.cxx b/examples/cxx/parser/polymorphism/supermen-pimpl-tiein.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cb9ece3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/polymorphism/supermen-pimpl-tiein.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/parser/polymorphism/supermen-pimpl-tiein.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+//
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "supermen-pimpl-tiein.hxx"
+
+using std::cout;
+using std::endl;
+
+// person_pimpl
+//
+void person_pimpl::
+pre ()
+{
+  cout << "starting to parse person" << endl;
+}
+
+void person_pimpl::
+name (const std::string& v)
+{
+  cout << "name: " << v << endl;
+}
+
+void person_pimpl::
+post_person ()
+{
+  cout << "finished parsing person" << endl
+       << endl;
+}
+
+// superman_pimpl
+//
+superman_pimpl::
+superman_pimpl ()
+    : superman_pskel (&base_impl_)
+{
+}
+
+void superman_pimpl::
+pre ()
+{
+  cout << "starting to parse superman" << endl;
+}
+
+void superman_pimpl::
+can_fly (bool v)
+{
+  cout << "can-fly: " << v << endl;
+}
+
+void superman_pimpl::
+post_person ()
+{
+  post_superman ();
+}
+
+void superman_pimpl::
+post_superman ()
+{
+  cout << "finished parsing superman" << endl
+       << endl;
+}
+
+// batman_pimpl
+//
+batman_pimpl::
+batman_pimpl ()
+    : batman_pskel (&base_impl_)
+{
+}
+
+void batman_pimpl::
+pre ()
+{
+  cout << "starting to parse batman" << endl;
+}
+
+void batman_pimpl::
+wing_span (unsigned int v)
+{
+  cout << "wing-span: " << v << endl;
+}
+
+void batman_pimpl::
+post_person ()
+{
+  post_superman ();
+}
+
+void batman_pimpl::
+post_superman ()
+{
+  post_batman ();
+}
+
+void batman_pimpl::
+post_batman ()
+{
+  cout << "finished parsing batman" << endl
+       << endl;
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/polymorphism/supermen-pimpl-tiein.hxx b/examples/cxx/parser/polymorphism/supermen-pimpl-tiein.hxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b8acd74
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/polymorphism/supermen-pimpl-tiein.hxx
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/parser/polymorphism/supermen-pimpl-tiein.hxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#ifndef SUPERMEN_PIMPL_HXX
+#define SUPERMEN_PIMPL_HXX
+
+#include "supermen-pskel.hxx"
+
+class person_pimpl: public person_pskel
+{
+public:
+  virtual void
+  pre ();
+
+  virtual void
+  name (const std::string&);
+
+  virtual void
+  post_person ();
+};
+
+class superman_pimpl: public superman_pskel
+{
+public:
+  superman_pimpl ();
+
+  virtual void
+  pre ();
+
+  virtual void
+  can_fly (bool);
+
+  // By default, post_superman() calls post_person(). In case of
+  // polymorphic parsing we want the opposite: post_person() calls
+  // post_superman().
+  //
+  virtual void
+  post_person ();
+
+  virtual void
+  post_superman ();
+
+private:
+  person_pimpl base_impl_;
+};
+
+class batman_pimpl: public batman_pskel
+{
+public:
+  batman_pimpl ();
+
+  virtual void
+  pre ();
+
+  virtual void
+  wing_span (unsigned int);
+
+  // By default, post_batman() calls post_superman() which calls
+  // post_person(). In case of polymorphic parsing we want the
+  // opposite: post_person() calls post_superman() which calls
+  // post_batman().
+  //
+  virtual void
+  post_person ();
+
+  virtual void
+  post_superman ();
+
+  virtual void
+  post_batman ();
+
+private:
+  superman_pimpl base_impl_;
+};
+
+class supermen_pimpl: public virtual supermen_pskel
+{
+};
+
+#endif // SUPERMEN_PIMPL_HXX
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/polymorphism/supermen.xml b/examples/cxx/parser/polymorphism/supermen.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2d73c44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/polymorphism/supermen.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/parser/polymorphism/supermen.xml
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<supermen xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+          xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="supermen.xsd">
+
+  <person>
+    <name>John Doe</name>
+  </person>
+
+  <superman can-fly="false">
+    <name>James "007" Bond</name>
+  </superman>
+
+  <superman can-fly="true" wing-span="10" xsi:type="batman">
+    <name>Bruce Wayne</name>
+  </superman>
+
+</supermen>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/polymorphism/supermen.xsd b/examples/cxx/parser/polymorphism/supermen.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..83a7aac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/polymorphism/supermen.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/parser/polymorphism/supermen.xsd
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="person">
+    <xsd:sequence>
+      <xsd:element name="name" type="xsd:string"/>
+    </xsd:sequence>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <!-- substitution group root -->
+  <xsd:element name="person" type="person"/>
+
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="superman">
+    <xsd:complexContent>
+      <xsd:extension base="person">
+        <xsd:attribute name="can-fly" type="xsd:boolean" use="required"/>
+      </xsd:extension>
+    </xsd:complexContent>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:element name="superman" type="superman" substitutionGroup="person"/>
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="batman">
+    <xsd:complexContent>
+      <xsd:extension base="superman">
+        <xsd:attribute name="wing-span" type="xsd:unsignedInt" use="required"/>
+      </xsd:extension>
+    </xsd:complexContent>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="supermen">
+    <xsd:sequence>
+      <xsd:element ref="person" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xsd:sequence>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:element name="supermen" type="supermen"/>
+
+</xsd:schema>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/README b/examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4b01b56
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/README
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+This example shows how to handle the xsi:type attributes and substitution
+groups when they are used on root elements. For general coverage of XML
+Schema polymorphism handling in the Embedded C++/Parser mapping see the
+polymorphism example.
+
+The example consists of the following files:
+
+supermen.xsd
+  XML Schema which describes supermen instance documents.
+
+person.xml
+superman.xml
+batman.xml
+  Sample XML instance documents.
+
+supermen-pskel.hxx
+supermen-pskel.cxx
+  Parser skeletons generated by the XSD/e compiler from supermen.xsd.
+  Note the use of the --generate-polymorphic command line option.
+
+supermen-pimpl-mixin.hxx
+supermen-pimpl-mixin.cxx
+
+supermen-pimpl-tiein.hxx
+supermen-pimpl-tiein.cxx
+  Parser implementations (using either mixin or tiein parser reuse
+  style) that print the XML data to STDOUT.
+
+driver.cxx
+  Driver for the example. It implements a custom document parser
+  that determines which XML Schema type is being parsed and uses
+  the corresponding parser implementation. The driver first
+  constructs a parser instance from all the individual parsers
+  found in one of supermen-pimpl-*.hxx. In then invokes this parser
+  instance to parse the input file.
+
+To run the example on the sample XML instance documents simply execute:
+
+$ ./driver person.xml
+$ ./driver superman.xml
+$ ./driver batman.xml
+
+The example reads from STDIN if input file is not specified:
+
+$ ./driver <person.xml
+$ ./driver <superman.xml
+$ ./driver <batman.xml
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/batman.xml b/examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/batman.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..70abdf7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/batman.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/batman.xml
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<person xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+        xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="supermen.xsd"
+	xsi:type="batman" can-fly="true" wing-span="10">
+	  
+  <name>Bruce Wayne</name>
+  
+</person>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/driver.cxx b/examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/driver.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..592ccfd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/driver.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/driver.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "supermen-pskel.hxx" // Get the configuration macros (XSDE_*).
+
+#if defined(XSDE_REUSE_STYLE_MIXIN)
+#  include "supermen-pimpl-mixin.hxx"
+#elif defined(XSDE_REUSE_STYLE_TIEIN)
+#  include "supermen-pimpl-tiein.hxx"
+#else
+#  error this example requires mixin or tiein parser reuse support
+#endif
+
+using std::cerr;
+using std::endl;
+using xml_schema::ro_string;
+
+// Customize the xml_schema::document object to handle polymorphic
+// root element. For more information see the multiroot example.
+//
+class document_pimpl: public xml_schema::document_pimpl
+{
+public:
+  // Passing the root element name to xml_schema::document_pimpl
+  // constructor indicates that we are doing polymorphic parsing.
+  // The root element name is used to automatically translate
+  // substitutions to type information.
+  //
+  document_pimpl (xml_schema::parser_map& parser_map)
+      : xml_schema::document_pimpl ("person"),
+        parser_map_ (parser_map),
+        parser_used_ (0)
+  {
+  }
+
+protected:
+  // This function is called to obtain the root element type parser.
+  // If the returned pointer is 0 then the whole document content
+  // is ignored. The type argument contains the XML Schema type
+  // if xsi:type attribute or an element that substitutes the root
+  // was specified and 0 otherwise.
+  //
+  virtual xml_schema::parser_base*
+  start_root_element (const ro_string& ns,
+                      const ro_string& name,
+                      const char* type)
+  {
+    if (name != "person" || !ns.empty ())
+    {
+      // If the runtime and the generated code are built with
+      // validation enabled then we can also set an XML Schema
+      // error.
+      //
+#ifdef XSDE_PARSER_VALIDATION
+      context_.schema_error (
+        xml_schema::parser_schema_error::unexpected_element);
+#endif
+      return 0;
+    }
+
+    // Search the parser map. If type is 0 then there is no xsi:type and
+    // static type should be used.
+    //
+    xml_schema::parser_base* p = parser_map_.find (
+      type ? type : person_pskel::_static_type ());
+
+    if (p != 0)
+    {
+      // The map returns a generic parser_base which we will cast to
+      // person_pskel in order to call the pre() and post_person()
+      // callbacks. If the runtime and the generated code are built
+      // with the mixin parser reuse style then we have to use
+      // dynamic_cast because of the virtual inheritance.
+      //
+#ifdef XSDE_REUSE_STYLE_MIXIN
+      parser_used_ = dynamic_cast<person_pskel*> (p);
+#else
+      parser_used_ = static_cast<person_pskel*> (p);
+#endif
+      parser_used_->pre ();
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      // No parser for this type. We could also make this an error
+      // by calling the schema_error() function as above.
+      //
+      parser_used_ = 0;
+    }
+
+    return p;
+  }
+
+  // This function is called to indicate the completion of document
+  // parsing. The parser argument contains the pointer returned by
+  // start_root_element.
+  //
+  virtual void
+  end_root_element (const ro_string& /* ns */,
+                    const ro_string& /* name */,
+                    xml_schema::parser_base* /* parser */)
+  {
+    // Instead of caching the current parser in parser_used_, we
+    // could also cast the parser argument to the person_pskel
+    // type.
+    //
+    if (parser_used_)
+      parser_used_->post_person ();
+  }
+
+public:
+  // If we need to be able to reset and reuse the parser after
+  // an error then we also need to override reset() and reset
+  // the parser that was used last. Note that you always need
+  // to call _reset() from the base.
+  //
+  virtual void
+  reset ()
+  {
+    xml_schema::document_pimpl::reset ();
+
+    if (parser_used_)
+      parser_used_->_reset ();
+  }
+
+private:
+  xml_schema::parser_map& parser_map_;
+  person_pskel* parser_used_;
+};
+
+int
+main (int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+  // Check that the load in substitution and inheritance hashmaps
+  // is not too high.
+  //
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+  float load = (float) xml_schema::parser_smap_elements ();
+  load /= xml_schema::parser_smap_buckets ();
+
+  if (load > 0.8)
+  {
+    cerr << "substitution hashmap load is " << load << endl;
+    cerr << "time to increase XSDE_PARSER_SMAP_BUCKETS" << endl;
+  }
+
+#ifdef XSDE_PARSER_VALIDATION
+  load = (float) xml_schema::parser_imap_elements ();
+  load /= xml_schema::parser_imap_buckets ();
+
+  if (load > 0.8)
+  {
+    cerr << "inheritance hashmap load is " << load << endl;
+    cerr << "time to increase XSDE_PARSER_IMAP_BUCKETS" << endl;
+  }
+#endif
+#endif
+
+  const char* input;
+
+  if (argc < 2)
+  {
+    input = "STDIN";
+    cerr << "XML file not specified, reading from STDIN" << endl;
+  }
+  else
+    input = argv[1];
+
+  try
+  {
+    // Construct the parser.
+    //
+    xml_schema::string_pimpl string_p;
+    xml_schema::boolean_pimpl boolean_p;
+    xml_schema::unsigned_int_pimpl unsigned_int_p;
+
+    person_pimpl person_p;
+    superman_pimpl superman_p;
+    batman_pimpl batman_p;
+
+    person_p.parsers (string_p);
+    superman_p.parsers (string_p, boolean_p);
+    batman_p.parsers (string_p, boolean_p, unsigned_int_p);
+
+    // Parse the XML document.
+    //
+    xml_schema::parser_map_impl person_map (5); // 5 hashtable buckets
+
+    person_map.insert (person_p);
+    person_map.insert (superman_p);
+    person_map.insert (batman_p);
+
+    document_pimpl doc_p (person_map);
+
+    // pre() and post() will be called as part of the start_root_element()
+    // and end_root_element() calls.
+    //
+    if (argc < 2)
+      doc_p.parse (std::cin);
+    else
+      doc_p.parse (argv[1]);
+  }
+  catch (const xml_schema::parser_exception& e)
+  {
+    cerr << input << ":" << e.line () << ":" << e.column () << ": "
+         << e.text () << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+  catch (const std::ios_base::failure&)
+  {
+    cerr << input << ": unable to open or read failure" << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/makefile b/examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0f4d6eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+# file      : examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/makefile
+# author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+# copyright : Copyright (c) 2005-2009 Code Synthesis Tools CC
+# license   : GNU GPL v2 + exceptions; see accompanying LICENSE file
+
+include $(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))../../../../build/bootstrap.make
+
+xsd := supermen.xsd
+cxx := driver.cxx
+
+ifeq ($(xsde_reuse_style),mixin)
+cxx += supermen-pimpl-mixin.cxx
+else
+cxx += supermen-pimpl-tiein.cxx
+endif
+
+obj := $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(cxx:.cxx=.o) $(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.o))
+dep := $(obj:.o=.o.d)
+
+xsde.l             := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l
+xsde.l.cpp-options := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l.cpp-options
+
+driver := $(out_base)/driver
+clean  := $(out_base)/.clean
+
+
+# Build.
+#
+$(driver): $(obj) $(xsde.l)
+
+$(obj) $(dep): cpp_options := -I$(out_base) -I$(src_base)
+$(obj) $(dep): $(xsde.l.cpp-options)
+
+skel := $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.hxx) \
+        $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.ixx) \
+        $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.cxx)
+
+$(skel): xsde := $(out_root)/xsde/xsde
+$(skel): xsde_options += --generate-polymorphic
+$(skel): $(out_root)/xsde/xsde
+
+$(call include-dep,$(dep))
+
+# Convenience alias for default target.
+#
+.PHONY: $(out_base)/
+$(out_base)/: $(driver)
+
+
+# Clean.
+#
+.PHONY: $(clean)
+
+$(clean): $(driver).o.clean                                \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(obj))                           \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(dep))                           \
+  $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.cxx.xsd.clean))
+
+
+# How to.
+#
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/o-e.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-o.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-d.make)
+$(call include,$(scf_root)/xsde/parser/xsd-cxx.make)
+
+
+# Dependencies.
+#
+$(call import,$(src_root)/xsde/makefile)
+$(call import,$(src_root)/libxsde/xsde/makefile)
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/person.xml b/examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/person.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..157a5af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/person.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/person.xml
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<person xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+        xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="supermen.xsd">
+	
+  <name>John Doe</name>
+  
+</person>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/superman.xml b/examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/superman.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0f4b89c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/superman.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/superman.xml
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<superman xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+          xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="supermen.xsd"
+	  can-fly="false">
+
+  <name>James "007" Bond</name>
+
+</superman>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/supermen-pimpl-mixin.cxx b/examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/supermen-pimpl-mixin.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fb339ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/supermen-pimpl-mixin.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/supermen-pimpl-mixin.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+//
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "supermen-pimpl-mixin.hxx"
+
+using std::cout;
+using std::endl;
+
+// person_pimpl
+//
+void person_pimpl::
+pre ()
+{
+  cout << "starting to parse person" << endl;
+}
+
+void person_pimpl::
+name (const std::string& v)
+{
+  cout << "name: " << v << endl;
+}
+
+void person_pimpl::
+post_person ()
+{
+  cout << "finished parsing person" << endl;
+}
+
+// superman_pimpl
+//
+void superman_pimpl::
+pre ()
+{
+  cout << "starting to parse superman" << endl;
+}
+
+void superman_pimpl::
+can_fly (bool v)
+{
+  cout << "can-fly: " << v << endl;
+}
+
+void superman_pimpl::
+post_person ()
+{
+  post_superman ();
+}
+
+void superman_pimpl::
+post_superman ()
+{
+  cout << "finished parsing superman" << endl;
+}
+
+// batman_pimpl
+//
+void batman_pimpl::
+pre ()
+{
+  cout << "starting to parse batman" << endl;
+}
+
+void batman_pimpl::
+wing_span (unsigned int v)
+{
+  cout << "wing-span: " << v << endl;
+}
+
+void batman_pimpl::
+post_superman ()
+{
+  post_batman ();
+}
+
+void batman_pimpl::
+post_batman ()
+{
+  cout << "finished parsing batman" << endl;
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/supermen-pimpl-mixin.hxx b/examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/supermen-pimpl-mixin.hxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1f66062
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/supermen-pimpl-mixin.hxx
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/supermen-pimpl-mixin.hxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#ifndef SUPERMEN_PIMPL_HXX
+#define SUPERMEN_PIMPL_HXX
+
+#include "supermen-pskel.hxx"
+
+class person_pimpl: public virtual person_pskel
+{
+public:
+  virtual void
+  pre ();
+
+  virtual void
+  name (const std::string&);
+
+  virtual void
+  post_person ();
+};
+
+class superman_pimpl: public virtual superman_pskel,
+                      public person_pimpl
+{
+public:
+  virtual void
+  pre ();
+
+  virtual void
+  can_fly (bool);
+
+  // By default, post_superman() calls post_person(). In case of
+  // polymorphic parsing we want the opposite: post_person() calls
+  // post_superman().
+  //
+  virtual void
+  post_person ();
+
+  virtual void
+  post_superman ();
+};
+
+class batman_pimpl: public virtual batman_pskel,
+                    public superman_pimpl
+{
+public:
+  virtual void
+  pre ();
+
+  virtual void
+  wing_span (unsigned int);
+
+  // By default, post_batman() calls post_superman(). In case of
+  // polymorphic parsing we want the opposite: post_superman()
+  // calls post_batman().
+  //
+  virtual void
+  post_superman ();
+
+  virtual void
+  post_batman ();
+};
+
+#endif // SUPERMEN_PIMPL_HXX
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/supermen-pimpl-tiein.cxx b/examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/supermen-pimpl-tiein.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b02eeef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/supermen-pimpl-tiein.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/supermen-pimpl-tiein.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+//
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "supermen-pimpl-tiein.hxx"
+
+using std::cout;
+using std::endl;
+
+// person_pimpl
+//
+void person_pimpl::
+pre ()
+{
+  cout << "starting to parse person" << endl;
+}
+
+void person_pimpl::
+name (const std::string& v)
+{
+  cout << "name: " << v << endl;
+}
+
+void person_pimpl::
+post_person ()
+{
+  cout << "finished parsing person" << endl;
+}
+
+// superman_pimpl
+//
+superman_pimpl::
+superman_pimpl ()
+    : superman_pskel (&base_impl_)
+{
+}
+
+void superman_pimpl::
+pre ()
+{
+  cout << "starting to parse superman" << endl;
+}
+
+void superman_pimpl::
+can_fly (bool v)
+{
+  cout << "can-fly: " << v << endl;
+}
+
+void superman_pimpl::
+post_person ()
+{
+  post_superman ();
+}
+
+void superman_pimpl::
+post_superman ()
+{
+  cout << "finished parsing superman" << endl;
+}
+
+// batman_pimpl
+//
+batman_pimpl::
+batman_pimpl ()
+    : batman_pskel (&base_impl_)
+{
+}
+
+void batman_pimpl::
+pre ()
+{
+  cout << "starting to parse batman" << endl;
+}
+
+void batman_pimpl::
+wing_span (unsigned int v)
+{
+  cout << "wing-span: " << v << endl;
+}
+
+void batman_pimpl::
+post_person ()
+{
+  post_superman ();
+}
+
+void batman_pimpl::
+post_superman ()
+{
+  post_batman ();
+}
+
+void batman_pimpl::
+post_batman ()
+{
+  cout << "finished parsing batman" << endl;
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/supermen-pimpl-tiein.hxx b/examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/supermen-pimpl-tiein.hxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..41dfe84
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/supermen-pimpl-tiein.hxx
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/supermen-pimpl-tiein.hxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#ifndef SUPERMEN_PIMPL_HXX
+#define SUPERMEN_PIMPL_HXX
+
+#include "supermen-pskel.hxx"
+
+class person_pimpl: public person_pskel
+{
+public:
+  virtual void
+  pre ();
+
+  virtual void
+  name (const std::string&);
+
+  virtual void
+  post_person ();
+};
+
+class superman_pimpl: public superman_pskel
+{
+public:
+  superman_pimpl ();
+
+  virtual void
+  pre ();
+
+  virtual void
+  can_fly (bool);
+
+  // By default, post_superman() calls post_person(). In case of
+  // polymorphic parsing we want the opposite: post_person() calls
+  // post_superman().
+  //
+  virtual void
+  post_person ();
+
+  virtual void
+  post_superman ();
+
+private:
+  person_pimpl base_impl_;
+};
+
+class batman_pimpl: public batman_pskel
+{
+public:
+  batman_pimpl ();
+
+  virtual void
+  pre ();
+
+  virtual void
+  wing_span (unsigned int);
+
+  // By default, post_batman() calls post_superman() which calls
+  // post_person(). In case of polymorphic parsing we want the
+  // opposite: post_person() calls post_superman() which calls
+  // post_batman().
+  //
+  virtual void
+  post_person ();
+
+  virtual void
+  post_superman ();
+
+  virtual void
+  post_batman ();
+
+private:
+  superman_pimpl base_impl_;
+};
+
+#endif // SUPERMEN_PIMPL_HXX
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/supermen.xsd b/examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/supermen.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..722d59b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/supermen.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/parser/polyroot/supermen.xsd
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="person">
+    <xsd:sequence>
+      <xsd:element name="name" type="xsd:string"/>
+    </xsd:sequence>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <!-- substitution group root -->
+  <xsd:element name="person" type="person"/>
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="superman">
+    <xsd:complexContent>
+      <xsd:extension base="person">
+        <xsd:attribute name="can-fly" type="xsd:boolean" use="required"/>
+      </xsd:extension>
+    </xsd:complexContent>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:element name="superman" type="superman" substitutionGroup="person"/>
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="batman">
+    <xsd:complexContent>
+      <xsd:extension base="superman">
+        <xsd:attribute name="wing-span" type="xsd:unsignedInt" use="required"/>
+      </xsd:extension>
+    </xsd:complexContent>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+</xsd:schema>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/wildcard/README b/examples/cxx/parser/wildcard/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d978ddc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/wildcard/README
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+This example shows how to parse XML data matched by XML Schema 
+wildcards (any and anyAttribute) using the Embedded C++/Parser
+mapping.
+
+The example consists of the following files:
+
+email.xsd
+  XML Schema which describes a simple email format with the
+  extensible envelope type.
+
+email.xml
+  Sample email message.
+
+email-pskel.hxx
+email-pskel.cxx
+  Parser skeletons generated by XSD/e from email.xsd.
+
+driver.cxx
+  Parser implementations and a driver for the example. The
+  parser implementations simply print the data to STDERR.
+  The driver first constructs parser instances from the
+  parser implementations mentioned above and a couple of
+  predefined parsers for the XML Schema built-in types.
+  In then invokes the parser instances to parse the input
+  file.
+
+To run the example on the sample XML instance document simply execute:
+
+$ ./driver email.xml
+
+The example reads from STDIN if input file is not specified:
+
+$ ./driver <email.xml
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/wildcard/driver.cxx b/examples/cxx/parser/wildcard/driver.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aed2560
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/wildcard/driver.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,359 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/parser/wildcard/driver.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#include <string>
+#include <memory>
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "email-pskel.hxx"
+
+#ifndef XSDE_REUSE_STYLE_TIEIN
+#  error this example requires the tiein parser reuse support
+#endif
+
+using namespace std;
+using xml_schema::ro_string;
+
+namespace email
+{
+  class binary_pimpl: public binary_pskel
+  {
+  public:
+    binary_pimpl ()
+        : binary_pskel (&base_impl_)
+    {
+    }
+
+    virtual void
+    name (const string& n)
+    {
+      cerr << "binary: " << n << endl;
+    }
+
+    virtual void
+    mime (const string& t)
+    {
+      cerr << "type:   " << t << endl;
+    }
+
+    virtual void
+    post_binary ()
+    {
+      std::auto_ptr<xml_schema::buffer> buf (post_base64_binary ());
+
+      cerr << "size:   " << buf->size () << endl
+           << endl;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    xml_schema::base64_binary_pimpl base_impl_;
+  };
+
+  class envelope_pimpl: public envelope_pskel
+  {
+  public:
+    envelope_pimpl (xml_schema::unsigned_int_pskel& uint_p,
+                    xml_schema::string_pskel& string_p,
+                    binary_pskel& binary_p)
+        : depth_ (0),
+          uint_p_ (uint_p), string_p_ (string_p), binary_p_ (binary_p)
+    {
+    }
+
+    virtual void
+    to (const string& addr)
+    {
+      cerr << "To:        " << addr << endl;
+    }
+
+    virtual void
+    from (const string& addr)
+    {
+      cerr << "From:      " << addr << endl;
+    }
+
+    virtual void
+    subject (const string& s)
+    {
+      cerr << "Subject:   " << s << endl;
+    }
+
+    // Wildcard handling. All wildcard events are routed to the
+    // _start_any_element, _end_any_element, _any_attribute, and
+    // _any_characters functions. We can dynamically select a
+    // parser from the _start_any_element after which all inner
+    // content will be automatically routed to this parser. At
+    // the end we will get a call to _end_any_element in which
+    // we can call post(), clean up, etc.
+    //
+    // If we are not using exceptions or XML Schema validation
+    // is enabled then we need to check for the error condition
+    // and, if the (user) error was set in pre() or post(),
+    // also copy the error code to the context. The _error_type()
+    // function returns non-0 value if there an error pending.
+    // The _copy_error() functions copies the error state to
+    // the context.
+    //
+    // Finally, if the XSD runtime library was configured with
+    // polymorphism support, then _start_any_element has a third
+    // argument which is a dynamic type id that comes from xsi:type
+    // or substitution groups.
+    //
+    virtual void
+#ifndef XSDE_POLYMORPHIC
+    _start_any_element (const ro_string& ns, const ro_string& name)
+#else
+    _start_any_element (const ro_string& ns, 
+                        const ro_string& name,
+                        const char*)
+#endif
+    {
+      // We use the depth_ counter to filter out nested elements
+      // and attributes for the content matched by the wildcard
+      // but which we don't know how to handle.
+      //
+
+      if (depth_++ == 0)
+      {
+        // Top-level (relative to this type) element matched by the
+        // any wildcard.
+        //
+        xml_schema::parser_base* p = 0;
+
+        if (ns == "http://www.codesynthesis.com/email")
+        {
+          if (name == "text")
+          {
+            p = &string_p_;
+          }
+          else if (name == "binary")
+          {
+            p = &binary_p_;
+          }
+
+          if (p != 0)
+          {
+            xml_schema::parser_context& ctx = _context ();
+
+            p->pre ();
+
+#ifndef XSDE_EXCEPTIONS
+            if (p->_error_type ())
+            {
+              // Propagate the error.
+              //
+              p->_copy_error (ctx);
+              return;
+            }
+#endif
+            p->_pre_impl (ctx);
+          }
+        }
+
+        if (p == 0)
+        {
+          cerr << "Unknown wildcard content: " << ns << "#" << name << endl;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    virtual void
+    _end_any_element (const ro_string& ns, const ro_string& name)
+    {
+      if (--depth_ == 0)
+      {
+        if (ns == "http://www.codesynthesis.com/email")
+        {
+          if (name == "text")
+          {
+            // Note that we don't call _post_impl() (corresponding to
+            // _pre_impl()) here. It is called automatically by the
+            // infrastructure.
+            //
+
+            string text (string_p_.post_string ());
+
+#ifndef XSDE_EXCEPTIONS
+            if (string_p_._error_type ())
+            {
+              // Propagate the error.
+              //
+              string_p_._copy_error (_context ());
+              return;
+            }
+#endif
+            cerr << text << endl
+                 << endl;
+          }
+          else if (name == "binary")
+          {
+            // Note that we don't call _post_impl() (corresponding to
+            // _pre_impl()) here. It is called automatically by the
+            // infrastructure.
+            //
+
+            binary_p_.post_binary ();
+
+#ifndef XSDE_EXCEPTIONS
+            if (binary_p_._error_type ())
+            {
+              // Propagate the error.
+              //
+              binary_p_._copy_error (_context ());
+              return;
+            }
+#endif
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    virtual void
+    _any_attribute (const ro_string& ns,
+                    const ro_string& name,
+                    const ro_string& value)
+    {
+      if (depth_ == 0)
+      {
+        // Top-level (relative to this type) attribute matched by the
+        // anyAttribute wildcard.
+        //
+        if (ns == "http://www.codesynthesis.com/email" && name == "thread-id")
+        {
+          xml_schema::parser_context& ctx = _context ();
+
+          uint_p_.pre ();
+
+#ifndef XSDE_EXCEPTIONS
+          if (uint_p_._error_type ())
+          {
+            uint_p_._copy_error (ctx);
+            return;
+          }
+#endif
+
+          uint_p_._pre_impl (ctx);
+
+#if defined(XSDE_PARSER_VALIDATION) || !defined(XSDE_EXCEPTIONS)
+          if (ctx.error_type ())
+            return;
+#endif
+
+          uint_p_._characters (value);
+
+#if defined(XSDE_PARSER_VALIDATION) || !defined(XSDE_EXCEPTIONS)
+          if (ctx.error_type ())
+            return;
+#endif
+
+          uint_p_._post_impl ();
+
+#if defined(XSDE_PARSER_VALIDATION) || !defined(XSDE_EXCEPTIONS)
+          if (ctx.error_type ())
+            return;
+#endif
+
+          unsigned int tid = uint_p_.post_unsigned_int ();
+
+#ifndef XSDE_EXCEPTIONS
+          if (uint_p_._error_type ())
+          {
+            uint_p_._copy_error (ctx);
+            return;
+          }
+#endif
+
+          cerr << "Thread-id: " << tid << endl;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    // If we need to be able to reset and reuse the parser after
+    // an error then we also need to override _reset() and reset
+    // the parsers that are used to handle wildcards. Note that
+    // you always need to call _reset() from the base.
+    //
+    virtual void
+    _reset ()
+    {
+      envelope_pskel::_reset ();
+
+      depth_ = 0;
+      uint_p_._reset ();
+      string_p_._reset ();
+      binary_p_._reset ();
+    }
+
+  private:
+    std::size_t depth_;
+
+    // Parsers for the unsigned int, string and binary types.
+    //
+  private:
+    xml_schema::unsigned_int_pskel& uint_p_;
+    xml_schema::string_pskel& string_p_;
+    binary_pskel& binary_p_;
+  };
+}
+
+
+int
+main (int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+  const char* input;
+
+  if (argc < 2)
+  {
+    input = "STDIN";
+    cerr << "XML file not specified, reading from STDIN" << endl;
+  }
+  else
+    input = argv[1];
+
+  try
+  {
+    // Construct the parser.
+    //
+    xml_schema::unsigned_int_pimpl unsigned_int_p;
+    xml_schema::string_pimpl string_p;
+    email::binary_pimpl binary_p;
+    email::envelope_pimpl envelope_p (unsigned_int_p, string_p, binary_p);
+
+    binary_p.parsers (string_p,  // name
+                      string_p); // mime
+
+    envelope_p.parsers (string_p,  // to
+                        string_p,  // from
+                        string_p); // subject
+
+    // Parse the XML instance document.
+    //
+    xml_schema::document_pimpl doc_p (
+      envelope_p,
+      "http://www.codesynthesis.com/email",
+      "message");
+
+    envelope_p.pre ();
+
+    if (argc < 2)
+      doc_p.parse (cin);
+    else
+      doc_p.parse (argv[1]);
+
+    envelope_p.post_envelope ();
+  }
+  catch (const xml_schema::parser_exception& e)
+  {
+    cerr << input << ":" << e.line () << ":" << e.column () << ": "
+         << e.text () << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+  catch (const std::ios_base::failure&)
+  {
+    cerr << input << ": unable to open or read failure" << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/wildcard/email.xml b/examples/cxx/parser/wildcard/email.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..55f1e4b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/wildcard/email.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/parser/wildcard/email.xml
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<eml:message xmlns:eml="http://www.codesynthesis.com/email"
+             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+	     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.codesynthesis.com/email email.xsd"
+             eml:thread-id="123456789">
+
+  <to>Jane Doe &lt;jane@doe.com></to>
+  <from>John Doe &lt;john@doe.com></from>
+  <subject>Surfing pictures</subject>
+
+  <eml:text>
+Hi Jane,
+
+Here are cool pictures of me surfing.
+
+Cheers,
+John
+  </eml:text>
+
+  <eml:binary name="pic1.jpg" mime="image/jpeg">YmFzZTY0IGJpbmFyeQ==</eml:binary>
+  <eml:binary name="pic2.jpg" mime="image/jpeg">YmFzZTY0IGJpbmFyeQ==</eml:binary>
+
+</eml:message>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/wildcard/email.xsd b/examples/cxx/parser/wildcard/email.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2e1f660
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/wildcard/email.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/parser/wildcard/email.xsd
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
+            xmlns:eml="http://www.codesynthesis.com/email"
+            targetNamespace="http://www.codesynthesis.com/email">
+
+  <!-- Predefined envolop body types. -->
+
+  <xsd:element name="text" type="xsd:string"/>
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="binary">
+    <xsd:simpleContent>
+      <xsd:extension base="xsd:base64Binary">
+        <xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" use="required"/>
+        <xsd:attribute name="mime" type="xsd:string" use="required"/>
+      </xsd:extension>
+    </xsd:simpleContent>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:element name="binary" type="eml:binary"/>
+
+  <!-- Predefined envelop attributes. -->
+
+  <xsd:attribute name="thread-id" type="xsd:unsignedInt"/>
+
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="envelope">
+    <xsd:sequence>
+      <xsd:element name="to" type="xsd:string"/>
+      <xsd:element name="from" type="xsd:string"/>
+      <xsd:element name="subject" type="xsd:string"/>
+
+      <!-- Extensible envelope body. -->
+
+      <xsd:any namespace="##targetNamespace" processContents="strict"
+               maxOccurs="unbounded" />
+    </xsd:sequence>
+    <xsd:anyAttribute namespace="##targetNamespace" processContents="strict"/>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:element name="message" type="eml:envelope"/>
+
+</xsd:schema>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/parser/wildcard/makefile b/examples/cxx/parser/wildcard/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8613847
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/parser/wildcard/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+# file      : examples/cxx/parser/wildcard/makefile
+# author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+# copyright : Copyright (c) 2005-2009 Code Synthesis Tools CC
+# license   : GNU GPL v2 + exceptions; see accompanying LICENSE file
+
+include $(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))../../../../build/bootstrap.make
+
+xsd := email.xsd
+cxx := driver.cxx
+
+obj := $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(cxx:.cxx=.o) $(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.o))
+dep := $(obj:.o=.o.d)
+
+xsde.l             := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l
+xsde.l.cpp-options := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l.cpp-options
+
+driver := $(out_base)/driver
+clean  := $(out_base)/.clean
+
+
+# Build.
+#
+$(driver): $(obj) $(xsde.l)
+
+$(obj) $(dep): cpp_options := -I$(out_base)
+$(obj) $(dep): $(xsde.l.cpp-options)
+
+skel := $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.hxx) \
+        $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.ixx) \
+        $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.cxx)
+
+$(skel): xsde := $(out_root)/xsde/xsde
+$(skel): $(out_root)/xsde/xsde
+
+$(call include-dep,$(dep))
+
+# Convenience alias for default target.
+#
+.PHONY: $(out_base)/
+$(out_base)/: $(driver)
+
+
+# Clean.
+#
+.PHONY: $(clean)
+
+$(clean): $(driver).o.clean                                 \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(obj))                            \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(dep))                            \
+  $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(xsd:.xsd=-pskel.cxx.xsd.clean))
+
+
+# How to.
+#
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/o-e.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-o.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-d.make)
+$(call include,$(scf_root)/xsde/parser/xsd-cxx.make)
+
+
+# Dependencies.
+#
+$(call import,$(src_root)/xsde/makefile)
+$(call import,$(src_root)/libxsde/xsde/makefile)
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/README b/examples/cxx/serializer/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fa71ea3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/README
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+This directory contains a number of examples that show how to
+use the Embedded C++/Serializer mapping. The following list
+gives an overview of each example. See the README files in
+example directories for more information on each example.
+
+hello
+  A simple "Hello, world!" example that shows how to serialize
+  XML documents.
+
+library
+  Shows how to handle more complex data structures and serialize
+  a custom in-memory object model.
+
+minimal
+  This example is a minimal serializer implementation that is
+  intended to work without STL, iostream, or C++ exceptions.
+
+wildcard
+  Shows how to serialize XML data matched by XML Schema wildcards
+  (any and anyAttribute).
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/hello/README b/examples/cxx/serializer/hello/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a560fac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/hello/README
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+This is a "Hello, world!" example that shows how to use the
+Embedded C++/Serializer mapping to serialize XML documents.
+
+The example consists of the following files:
+
+hello.xsd
+  XML Schema which describes "hello" instance documents.
+
+hello-sskel.hxx
+hello-sskel.ixx
+hello-sskel.cxx
+  Serializer skeletons generated by XSD/e from hello.xsd.
+
+driver.cxx
+  A serializer implementation and a driver for the example.
+  The serializer implementation simply creates an XML
+  document with pre-defined data. The driver first constructs
+  a serializer instance from the serializer implementation
+  mentioned above and a couple of predefined serializers for
+  the XML Schema built-in types. In then invokes this serializer
+  instance to write the XML document to STDOUT.
+
+To run the example simply execute:
+
+$ ./driver
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/hello/driver.cxx b/examples/cxx/serializer/hello/driver.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e895add
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/hello/driver.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/serializer/hello/driver.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "hello-sskel.hxx"
+
+using namespace std;
+
+struct hello_simpl: hello_sskel
+{
+  hello_simpl ()
+  {
+    names_.push_back ("sun");
+    names_.push_back ("moon");
+    names_.push_back ("world");
+  }
+
+  virtual void
+  pre ()
+  {
+    i_ = names_.begin ();
+  }
+
+  virtual string
+  greeting ()
+  {
+    return "Hello";
+  }
+
+  virtual bool
+  name_next ()
+  {
+    return i_ != names_.end ();
+  }
+
+  virtual string
+  name ()
+  {
+    return *i_++;
+  }
+
+private:
+  typedef vector<string> names;
+
+  names names_;
+  names::iterator i_;
+};
+
+
+int
+main ()
+{
+  try
+  {
+    // Construct the serializer.
+    //
+    xml_schema::string_simpl string_s;
+    hello_simpl hello_s;
+
+    hello_s.greeting_serializer (string_s);
+    hello_s.name_serializer (string_s);
+
+
+    // Create the XML instance document. The second argument to the
+    // document's constructor is the document's root element name.
+    //
+    xml_schema::document_simpl doc_s (hello_s, "hello");
+    doc_s.add_no_namespace_schema ("hello.xsd");
+
+    hello_s.pre ();
+    doc_s.serialize (cout);
+    hello_s.post ();
+  }
+  catch (const xml_schema::serializer_exception& e)
+  {
+    cerr << "error: " << e.text () << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+  catch (const std::ios_base::failure&)
+  {
+    cerr << "error: write failure" << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/hello/hello.xsd b/examples/cxx/serializer/hello/hello.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d2affb5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/hello/hello.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/serializer/hello/hello.xsd
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="hello">
+    <xsd:sequence>
+      <xsd:element name="greeting" type="xsd:string"/>
+      <xsd:element name="name" type="xsd:string" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xsd:sequence>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:element name="hello" type="hello"/>
+
+</xsd:schema>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/hello/makefile b/examples/cxx/serializer/hello/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c2721bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/hello/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+# file      : examples/cxx/serializer/hello/makefile
+# author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+# copyright : Copyright (c) 2005-2009 Code Synthesis Tools CC
+# license   : GNU GPL v2 + exceptions; see accompanying LICENSE file
+
+include $(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))../../../../build/bootstrap.make
+
+xsd := hello.xsd
+cxx := driver.cxx
+
+obj := $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(cxx:.cxx=.o) $(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.o))
+dep := $(obj:.o=.o.d)
+
+xsde.l             := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l
+xsde.l.cpp-options := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l.cpp-options
+
+driver := $(out_base)/driver
+clean  := $(out_base)/.clean
+
+
+# Build.
+#
+$(driver): $(obj) $(xsde.l)
+
+$(obj) $(dep): cpp_options := -I$(out_base)
+$(obj) $(dep): $(xsde.l.cpp-options)
+
+skel := $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.hxx) \
+        $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.ixx) \
+        $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.cxx)
+
+$(skel): xsde := $(out_root)/xsde/xsde
+$(skel): $(out_root)/xsde/xsde
+
+$(call include-dep,$(dep))
+
+# Convenience alias for default target.
+#
+.PHONY: $(out_base)/
+$(out_base)/: $(driver)
+
+
+# Clean.
+#
+.PHONY: $(clean)
+
+$(clean): $(driver).o.clean                                 \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(obj))                            \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(dep))                            \
+  $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.cxx.xsd.clean))
+
+
+# How to.
+#
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/o-e.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-o.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-d.make)
+$(call include,$(scf_root)/xsde/serializer/xsd-cxx.make)
+
+
+# Dependencies.
+#
+$(call import,$(src_root)/xsde/makefile)
+$(call import,$(src_root)/libxsde/xsde/makefile)
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/library/README b/examples/cxx/serializer/library/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..82ca09c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/library/README
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+This example shows how to use the Embedded C++/Serializer
+mapping to create XML documents from a custom in-memory
+object model.
+
+The example consists of the following files:
+
+library.xsd
+  XML Schema which describes a library of books.
+
+library.hxx
+  Types that describe a library of books in C++. These are
+  hand-written.
+
+library.map
+  Type map. It maps XML Schema types defined in library.xsd
+  to C++ types defined in library.hxx.
+
+library-sskel.hxx
+library-sskel.ixx
+library-sskel.cxx
+  Serializer skeletons generated by XSD/e from library.xsd
+  and library.map.
+
+library-simpl-mixin.hxx
+library-simpl-mixin.cxx
+
+library-simpl-tiein.hxx
+library-simpl-tiein.cxx
+  Serializer implementations (using either mixin or tiein
+  parser reuse style) that serialize the custom in-memory
+  object model to XML. These are hand-written implementations
+  of the serializer skeletons defined in library-sskel.hxx.
+
+driver.cxx
+  Driver for the example. It first constructs a sample
+  object model using the types from library.hxx. It then
+  creates a serializer instance using all the individual
+  serializers found in one of library-simpl-*.hxx. Finally,
+  it invokes this serializer instance to serialize the sample
+  object model to an XML document which is printed to STDOUT.
+
+To run the example simply execute:
+
+$ ./driver
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/library/driver.cxx b/examples/cxx/serializer/library/driver.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2790028
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/library/driver.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/serializer/library/driver.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "library.hxx"
+
+#include "library-sskel.hxx" // Get the configuration macros (XSDE_*).
+
+#if defined(XSDE_REUSE_STYLE_MIXIN)
+#  include "library-simpl-mixin.hxx"
+#elif defined(XSDE_REUSE_STYLE_TIEIN)
+#  include "library-simpl-tiein.hxx"
+#else
+#  error this example requires mixin or tiein serializer reuse support
+#endif
+
+using std::cerr;
+using std::endl;
+
+int
+main ()
+{
+  try
+  {
+    using namespace library;
+
+    // Create a sample library catalog.
+    //
+    catalog cat;
+
+    {
+      book b (679760806,
+              title ("The Master and Margarita"),
+              fiction,
+              false,
+              "MM");
+
+      author a ("Mikhail Bulgakov", "1891-05-15");
+      a.died ("1940-03-10");
+      a.recommends ("WP");
+
+      b.author ().push_back (a);
+
+      cat.push_back (b);
+    }
+
+    {
+      book b (679600841,
+              title ("War and Peace"),
+              history,
+              true,
+              "WP");
+
+      author a ("Leo Tolstoy", "1828-09-09");
+      a.died ("1910-11-20");
+      a.recommends ("CP");
+
+      b.author ().push_back (a);
+
+      cat.push_back (b);
+    }
+
+    {
+      book b (679420290,
+              title ("Crime and Punishment"),
+              philosophy,
+              false,
+              "CP");
+
+      author a ("Fyodor Dostoevsky", "1821-11-11");
+      a.died ("1881-02-09");
+
+      b.author ().push_back (a);
+
+      cat.push_back (b);
+    }
+
+
+    // Construct the serializer.
+    //
+    xml_schema::id_simpl id_s;
+    xml_schema::idref_simpl idref_s;
+    xml_schema::string_simpl string_s;
+    xml_schema::boolean_simpl boolean_s;
+
+    isbn_simpl isbn_s;
+
+    title_simpl title_s;
+    title_s.lang_serializer (string_s);
+
+    genre_simpl genre_s;
+
+    author_simpl author_s;
+    author_s.serializers (string_s,  // name
+                          string_s,  // born
+                          string_s,  // died
+                          idref_s);  // recommends
+
+    book_simpl book_s;
+    book_s.serializers (boolean_s, // available
+                        id_s,      // id
+                        isbn_s,    // isbn
+                        title_s,   // title
+                        genre_s,   // genre
+                        author_s); // author
+
+
+    catalog_simpl catalog_s;
+    catalog_s.book_serializer (book_s);
+
+
+    // Create the XML instance document.
+    //
+    xml_schema::document_simpl doc_s (
+      catalog_s,
+      "http://www.codesynthesis.com/library", // root element namespace
+      "catalog");                             // root element name
+
+    doc_s.add_prefix ("lib", "http://www.codesynthesis.com/library");
+    doc_s.add_schema ("http://www.codesynthesis.com/library", "library.xsd");
+
+    catalog_s.pre (cat);
+    doc_s.serialize (std::cout);
+    catalog_s.post ();
+  }
+  catch (const xml_schema::serializer_exception& e)
+  {
+    cerr << "error: " << e.text () << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+  catch (const std::ios_base::failure&)
+  {
+    cerr << "error: write failure" << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/library/library-simpl-mixin.cxx b/examples/cxx/serializer/library/library-simpl-mixin.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7e82fe6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/library/library-simpl-mixin.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/serializer/library/library-simpl-mixin.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#include "library-simpl-mixin.hxx"
+
+namespace library
+{
+  using namespace xml_schema;
+
+  // isbn_simpl
+  //
+  void isbn_simpl::
+  pre (isbn n)
+  {
+    unsigned_int_simpl::pre (n);
+  }
+
+  // title_simpl
+  //
+  void title_simpl::
+  pre (const title& t)
+  {
+    string_simpl::pre (t);
+    title_ = &t;
+  }
+
+  bool title_simpl::
+  lang_present ()
+  {
+    return !title_->lang ().empty ();
+  }
+
+  std::string title_simpl::
+  lang ()
+  {
+    return title_->lang ();
+  }
+
+  // genre_simpl
+  //
+  const char* genre_strings[] =
+  {
+    "romance",
+    "fiction",
+    "horror",
+    "history",
+    "philosophy"
+  };
+
+  void genre_simpl::
+  pre (genre g)
+  {
+    string_simpl::pre (genre_strings[g]);
+  }
+
+  // person_simpl
+  //
+  void person_simpl::
+  pre (const person& p)
+  {
+    person_ = &p;
+  }
+
+  std::string person_simpl::
+  name ()
+  {
+    return person_->name ();
+  }
+
+  std::string person_simpl::
+  born ()
+  {
+    return person_->born ();
+  }
+
+  bool person_simpl::
+  died_present ()
+  {
+    return !person_->died ().empty ();
+  }
+
+  std::string person_simpl::
+  died ()
+  {
+    return person_->died ();
+  }
+
+  // author_simpl
+  //
+  void author_simpl::
+  pre (const author& a)
+  {
+    person_simpl::pre (a);
+    author_ = &a;
+  }
+
+  bool author_simpl::
+  recommends_present ()
+  {
+    return !author_->recommends ().empty ();
+  }
+
+  std::string author_simpl::
+  recommends ()
+  {
+    return author_->recommends ();
+  }
+
+  // book_simpl
+  //
+
+  void book_simpl::
+  pre (const book& b)
+  {
+    book_ = &b;
+    ai_ = b.author ().begin ();
+  }
+
+  library::isbn book_simpl::
+  isbn ()
+  {
+    return book_->isbn ();
+  }
+
+  const library::title& book_simpl::
+  title ()
+  {
+    return book_->title ();
+  }
+
+
+  library::genre book_simpl::
+  genre ()
+  {
+    return book_->genre ();
+  }
+
+  bool book_simpl::
+  author_next ()
+  {
+    return ai_ != book_->author ().end ();
+  }
+
+  const library::author& book_simpl::
+  author ()
+  {
+    return *ai_++;
+  }
+
+  bool book_simpl::
+  available ()
+  {
+    return book_->available ();
+  }
+
+  std::string book_simpl::
+  id ()
+  {
+    return book_->id ();
+  }
+
+  // catalog_simpl
+  //
+  void catalog_simpl::
+  pre (const catalog& c)
+  {
+    catalog_ = &c;
+    ci_ = c.begin ();
+  }
+
+  bool catalog_simpl::
+  book_next ()
+  {
+    return ci_ != catalog_->end ();
+  }
+
+  const library::book& catalog_simpl::
+  book ()
+  {
+    return *ci_++;
+  }
+}
+
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/library/library-simpl-mixin.hxx b/examples/cxx/serializer/library/library-simpl-mixin.hxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c4438d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/library/library-simpl-mixin.hxx
@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/serializer/library/library-simpl-mixin.hxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#ifndef LIBRARY_SIMPL_HXX
+#define LIBRARY_SIMPL_HXX
+
+#include "library.hxx"
+#include "library-sskel.hxx"
+
+namespace library
+{
+  //
+  //
+  struct isbn_simpl: virtual isbn_sskel, xml_schema::unsigned_int_simpl
+  {
+    virtual void
+    pre (isbn);
+  };
+
+  //
+  //
+  struct title_simpl: virtual title_sskel, xml_schema::string_simpl
+  {
+    virtual void
+    pre (const title&);
+
+    virtual bool
+    lang_present ();
+
+    virtual std::string
+    lang ();
+
+  private:
+    const title* title_;
+  };
+
+  //
+  //
+  struct genre_simpl: virtual genre_sskel, xml_schema::string_simpl
+  {
+    virtual void
+    pre (genre);
+  };
+
+  //
+  //
+  struct person_simpl: virtual person_sskel
+  {
+    virtual void
+    pre (const person&);
+
+    virtual std::string
+    name ();
+
+    virtual std::string
+    born ();
+
+    virtual bool
+    died_present ();
+
+    virtual std::string
+    died ();
+
+  private:
+    const person* person_;
+  };
+
+  //
+  //
+  struct author_simpl: virtual author_sskel, person_simpl
+  {
+    virtual void
+    pre (const author&);
+
+    virtual bool
+    recommends_present ();
+
+    virtual std::string
+    recommends ();
+
+  private:
+    const author* author_;
+  };
+
+  //
+  //
+  struct book_simpl: virtual book_sskel
+  {
+    virtual void
+    pre (const book&);
+
+    virtual library::isbn
+    isbn ();
+
+    virtual const library::title&
+    title ();
+
+    virtual library::genre
+    genre ();
+
+    virtual bool
+    author_next ();
+
+    virtual const library::author&
+    author ();
+
+    virtual bool
+    available ();
+
+    virtual std::string
+    id ();
+
+  private:
+    const book* book_;
+    book::authors::const_iterator ai_;
+  };
+
+  //
+  //
+  struct catalog_simpl: virtual catalog_sskel
+  {
+    virtual void
+    pre (const catalog&);
+
+    virtual bool
+    book_next ();
+
+    virtual const library::book&
+    book ();
+
+  private:
+    const catalog* catalog_;
+    catalog::const_iterator ci_;
+  };
+}
+
+#endif // LIBRARY_SIMPL_HXX
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/library/library-simpl-tiein.cxx b/examples/cxx/serializer/library/library-simpl-tiein.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..91a5c23
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/library/library-simpl-tiein.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/serializer/library/library-simpl-tiein.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#include "library-simpl-tiein.hxx"
+
+namespace library
+{
+  using namespace xml_schema;
+
+  // isbn_simpl
+  //
+  isbn_simpl::
+  isbn_simpl ()
+      : isbn_sskel (&base_impl_)
+  {
+  }
+
+  void isbn_simpl::
+  pre (isbn n)
+  {
+    base_impl_.pre (n);
+  }
+
+  // title_simpl
+  //
+  title_simpl::
+  title_simpl ()
+      : title_sskel (&base_impl_)
+  {
+  }
+
+  void title_simpl::
+  pre (const title& t)
+  {
+    base_impl_.pre (t);
+    title_ = &t;
+  }
+
+  bool title_simpl::
+  lang_present ()
+  {
+    return !title_->lang ().empty ();
+  }
+
+  std::string title_simpl::
+  lang ()
+  {
+    return title_->lang ();
+  }
+
+  // genre_simpl
+  //
+  genre_simpl::
+  genre_simpl ()
+      : genre_sskel (&base_impl_)
+  {
+  }
+
+  const char* genre_strings[] =
+  {
+    "romance",
+    "fiction",
+    "horror",
+    "history",
+    "philosophy"
+  };
+
+  void genre_simpl::
+  pre (genre g)
+  {
+    base_impl_.pre (genre_strings[g]);
+  }
+
+  // person_simpl
+  //
+  void person_simpl::
+  pre (const person& p)
+  {
+    person_ = &p;
+  }
+
+  std::string person_simpl::
+  name ()
+  {
+    return person_->name ();
+  }
+
+  std::string person_simpl::
+  born ()
+  {
+    return person_->born ();
+  }
+
+  bool person_simpl::
+  died_present ()
+  {
+    return !person_->died ().empty ();
+  }
+
+  std::string person_simpl::
+  died ()
+  {
+    return person_->died ();
+  }
+
+  // author_simpl
+  //
+  author_simpl::
+  author_simpl ()
+      : author_sskel (&base_impl_)
+  {
+  }
+
+  void author_simpl::
+  pre (const author& a)
+  {
+    base_impl_.pre (a);
+    author_ = &a;
+  }
+
+  bool author_simpl::
+  recommends_present ()
+  {
+    return !author_->recommends ().empty ();
+  }
+
+  std::string author_simpl::
+  recommends ()
+  {
+    return author_->recommends ();
+  }
+
+  // book_simpl
+  //
+
+  void book_simpl::
+  pre (const book& b)
+  {
+    book_ = &b;
+    ai_ = b.author ().begin ();
+  }
+
+  library::isbn book_simpl::
+  isbn ()
+  {
+    return book_->isbn ();
+  }
+
+  const library::title& book_simpl::
+  title ()
+  {
+    return book_->title ();
+  }
+
+
+  library::genre book_simpl::
+  genre ()
+  {
+    return book_->genre ();
+  }
+
+  bool book_simpl::
+  author_next ()
+  {
+    return ai_ != book_->author ().end ();
+  }
+
+  const library::author& book_simpl::
+  author ()
+  {
+    return *ai_++;
+  }
+
+  bool book_simpl::
+  available ()
+  {
+    return book_->available ();
+  }
+
+  std::string book_simpl::
+  id ()
+  {
+    return book_->id ();
+  }
+
+  // catalog_simpl
+  //
+  void catalog_simpl::
+  pre (const catalog& c)
+  {
+    catalog_ = &c;
+    ci_ = c.begin ();
+  }
+
+  bool catalog_simpl::
+  book_next ()
+  {
+    return ci_ != catalog_->end ();
+  }
+
+  const library::book& catalog_simpl::
+  book ()
+  {
+    return *ci_++;
+  }
+}
+
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/library/library-simpl-tiein.hxx b/examples/cxx/serializer/library/library-simpl-tiein.hxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..15abe74
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/library/library-simpl-tiein.hxx
@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/serializer/library/library-simpl-tiein.hxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#ifndef LIBRARY_SIMPL_HXX
+#define LIBRARY_SIMPL_HXX
+
+#include "library.hxx"
+#include "library-sskel.hxx"
+
+namespace library
+{
+  //
+  //
+  struct isbn_simpl: isbn_sskel
+  {
+    isbn_simpl ();
+
+    virtual void
+    pre (isbn);
+
+  private:
+    xml_schema::unsigned_int_simpl base_impl_;
+  };
+
+  //
+  //
+  struct title_simpl: title_sskel
+  {
+    title_simpl ();
+
+    virtual void
+    pre (const title&);
+
+    virtual bool
+    lang_present ();
+
+    virtual std::string
+    lang ();
+
+  private:
+    xml_schema::string_simpl base_impl_;
+    const title* title_;
+  };
+
+  //
+  //
+  struct genre_simpl: genre_sskel
+  {
+    genre_simpl ();
+
+    virtual void
+    pre (genre);
+
+  private:
+    xml_schema::string_simpl base_impl_;
+  };
+
+  //
+  //
+  struct person_simpl: person_sskel
+  {
+    virtual void
+    pre (const person&);
+
+    virtual std::string
+    name ();
+
+    virtual std::string
+    born ();
+
+    virtual bool
+    died_present ();
+
+    virtual std::string
+    died ();
+
+  private:
+    const person* person_;
+  };
+
+  //
+  //
+  struct author_simpl: author_sskel
+  {
+    author_simpl ();
+
+    virtual void
+    pre (const author&);
+
+    virtual bool
+    recommends_present ();
+
+    virtual std::string
+    recommends ();
+
+  private:
+    person_simpl base_impl_;
+    const author* author_;
+  };
+
+  //
+  //
+  struct book_simpl: book_sskel
+  {
+    virtual void
+    pre (const book&);
+
+    virtual library::isbn
+    isbn ();
+
+    virtual const library::title&
+    title ();
+
+    virtual library::genre
+    genre ();
+
+    virtual bool
+    author_next ();
+
+    virtual const library::author&
+    author ();
+
+    virtual bool
+    available ();
+
+    virtual std::string
+    id ();
+
+  private:
+    const book* book_;
+    book::authors::const_iterator ai_;
+  };
+
+  //
+  //
+  struct catalog_simpl: catalog_sskel
+  {
+    virtual void
+    pre (const catalog&);
+
+    virtual bool
+    book_next ();
+
+    virtual const library::book&
+    book ();
+
+  private:
+    const catalog* catalog_;
+    catalog::const_iterator ci_;
+  };
+}
+
+#endif // LIBRARY_SIMPL_HXX
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/library/library.hxx b/examples/cxx/serializer/library/library.hxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9f8e250
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/library/library.hxx
@@ -0,0 +1,270 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/serializer/library/library.hxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#ifndef LIBRARY_HXX
+#define LIBRARY_HXX
+
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace library
+{
+  //
+  //
+  typedef unsigned int isbn;
+
+
+  //
+  //
+  struct title: std::string
+  {
+    title (const std::string& s)
+        : std::string (s)
+    {
+    }
+
+    // lang
+    //
+    const std::string&
+    lang () const
+    {
+      return lang_;
+    }
+
+    void
+    lang (const std::string& lang)
+    {
+      lang_ = lang;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    std::string lang_;
+  };
+
+
+  //
+  //
+  enum genre
+  {
+    romance,
+    fiction,
+    horror,
+    history,
+    philosophy
+  };
+
+
+  //
+  //
+  struct person
+  {
+    person (const std::string& name, const std::string& born)
+        : name_ (name), born_ (born)
+    {
+    }
+
+    // name
+    //
+    const std::string&
+    name () const
+    {
+      return name_;
+    }
+
+    void
+    name (const std::string& name)
+    {
+      name_ = name;
+    }
+
+    // born
+    //
+    const std::string&
+    born () const
+    {
+      return born_;
+    }
+
+    void
+    born (const std::string& born)
+    {
+      born_ = born;
+    }
+
+
+    // died
+    //
+    const std::string&
+    died () const
+    {
+      return died_;
+    }
+
+    void
+    died (const std::string& died)
+    {
+      died_ = died;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    std::string name_;
+    std::string born_;
+    std::string died_;
+  };
+
+
+  //
+  //
+  struct author: person
+  {
+    author (const std::string& name, const std::string& born)
+        : person (name, born)
+    {
+    }
+
+    // recommends
+    //
+    const std::string&
+    recommends () const
+    {
+      return recommends_;
+    }
+
+    void
+    recommends (const std::string& recommends)
+    {
+      recommends_ = recommends;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    std::string recommends_;
+  };
+
+
+  //
+  //
+  struct book
+  {
+    book (library::isbn isbn,
+          const library::title& title,
+          library::genre genre,
+          bool available,
+          const std::string& id)
+        : isbn_ (isbn),
+          title_ (title),
+          genre_ (genre),
+          available_ (available),
+          id_ (id)
+    {
+    }
+
+    // isbn
+    //
+    library::isbn
+    isbn () const
+    {
+      return isbn_;
+    }
+
+    void
+    isbn (const library::isbn& isbn)
+    {
+      isbn_ = isbn;
+    }
+
+
+    // title
+    //
+    const library::title&
+    title () const
+    {
+      return title_;
+    }
+
+    void
+    title (const library::title& title)
+    {
+      title_ = title;
+    }
+
+
+    // genre
+    //
+    library::genre
+    genre () const
+    {
+      return genre_;
+    }
+
+    void
+    genre (const library::genre& genre)
+    {
+      genre_ = genre;
+    }
+
+
+    // author
+    //
+    typedef std::vector<library::author> authors;
+
+    const authors&
+    author () const
+    {
+      return author_;
+    }
+
+    authors&
+    author ()
+    {
+      return author_;
+    }
+
+
+    // available
+    //
+    bool
+    available () const
+    {
+      return available_;
+    }
+
+    void
+    available (bool available)
+    {
+      available_ = available;
+    }
+
+
+    // id
+    //
+    const std::string&
+    id () const
+    {
+      return id_;
+    }
+
+    void
+    id (const std::string& id)
+    {
+      id_ = id;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    library::isbn  isbn_;
+    library::title title_;
+    library::genre genre_;
+
+    authors author_;
+
+    bool available_;
+    std::string id_;
+  };
+
+
+  //
+  //
+  typedef std::vector<book> catalog;
+}
+
+#endif // LIBRARY_HXX
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/library/library.map b/examples/cxx/serializer/library/library.map
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..901fb7d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/library/library.map
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+# file      : examples/cxx/serializer/library/library.map
+# author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+# copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+namespace http://www.codesynthesis.com/library
+{
+  include "library.hxx";
+
+  # Use the actual type instead of a typedef. The compiler
+  # has no way of knowing that isbn and unsigned int are
+  # the same C++ types and may generate clashing function
+  # signatures if we use the typedef alias here.
+  #
+  isbn    "unsigned int" "unsigned int";
+
+  title   "const library::title&";
+  genre   library::genre library::genre;
+  person  "const library::person&";
+  author  "const library::author&";
+  book    "const library::book&";
+  catalog "const library::catalog&";
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/library/library.xsd b/examples/cxx/serializer/library/library.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..05ae2de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/library/library.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/serializer/library/library.xsd
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
+            xmlns:lib="http://www.codesynthesis.com/library"
+            targetNamespace="http://www.codesynthesis.com/library">
+
+  <xsd:simpleType name="isbn">
+    <xsd:restriction base="xsd:unsignedInt"/>
+  </xsd:simpleType>
+
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="title">
+    <xsd:simpleContent>
+      <xsd:extension base="xsd:string">
+        <xsd:attribute name="lang" type="xsd:string"/>
+      </xsd:extension>
+    </xsd:simpleContent>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+
+  <xsd:simpleType name="genre">
+    <xsd:restriction base="xsd:string">
+      <xsd:enumeration value="romance"/>
+      <xsd:enumeration value="fiction"/>
+      <xsd:enumeration value="horror"/>
+      <xsd:enumeration value="history"/>
+      <xsd:enumeration value="philosophy"/>
+    </xsd:restriction>
+  </xsd:simpleType>
+
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="person">
+    <xsd:sequence>
+      <xsd:element name="name" type="xsd:string"/>
+      <xsd:element name="born" type="xsd:string"/>
+      <xsd:element name="died" type="xsd:string" minOccurs="0"/>
+    </xsd:sequence>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="author">
+    <xsd:complexContent>
+      <xsd:extension base="lib:person">
+	<xsd:attribute name="recommends" type="xsd:IDREF"/> <!-- Book -->
+      </xsd:extension>
+    </xsd:complexContent>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="book">
+    <xsd:sequence>
+      <xsd:element name="isbn" type="lib:isbn"/>
+      <xsd:element name="title" type="lib:title"/>
+      <xsd:element name="genre" type="lib:genre"/>
+      <xsd:element name="author" type="lib:author" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xsd:sequence>
+    <xsd:attribute name="available" type="xsd:boolean" use="required"/>
+    <xsd:attribute name="id" type="xsd:ID" use="required"/>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="catalog">
+    <xsd:sequence>
+      <xsd:element name="book" type="lib:book" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xsd:sequence>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+
+  <xsd:element name="catalog" type="lib:catalog"/>
+
+</xsd:schema>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/library/makefile b/examples/cxx/serializer/library/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ba58e96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/library/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+# file      : examples/cxx/serializer/library/makefile
+# author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+# copyright : Copyright (c) 2005-2009 Code Synthesis Tools CC
+# license   : GNU GPL v2 + exceptions; see accompanying LICENSE file
+
+include $(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))../../../../build/bootstrap.make
+
+xsd := library.xsd
+cxx := driver.cxx
+
+ifeq ($(xsde_reuse_style),mixin)
+cxx += library-simpl-mixin.cxx
+else
+cxx += library-simpl-tiein.cxx
+endif
+
+obj := $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(cxx:.cxx=.o) $(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.o))
+dep := $(obj:.o=.o.d)
+
+xsde.l             := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l
+xsde.l.cpp-options := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l.cpp-options
+
+driver := $(out_base)/driver
+clean  := $(out_base)/.clean
+
+
+# Build.
+#
+$(driver): $(obj) $(xsde.l)
+
+$(obj) $(dep): cpp_options := -I$(out_base) -I$(src_base)
+$(obj) $(dep): $(xsde.l.cpp-options)
+
+skel := $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.hxx) \
+        $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.ixx) \
+        $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.cxx)
+
+$(skel): xsde := $(out_root)/xsde/xsde
+$(skel): xsde_options += --generate-inline --type-map $(src_base)/library.map
+
+$(skel): $(out_root)/xsde/xsde $(src_base)/library.map
+
+$(call include-dep,$(dep))
+
+# Convenience alias for default target.
+#
+.PHONY: $(out_base)/
+$(out_base)/: $(driver)
+
+
+# Clean.
+#
+.PHONY: $(clean)
+
+$(clean): $(driver).o.clean                                \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(obj))                           \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(dep))                           \
+  $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.cxx.xsd.clean))
+
+
+# How to.
+#
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/o-e.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-o.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-d.make)
+$(call include,$(scf_root)/xsde/serializer/xsd-cxx.make)
+
+
+# Dependencies.
+#
+$(call import,$(src_root)/xsde/makefile)
+$(call import,$(src_root)/libxsde/xsde/makefile)
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/makefile b/examples/cxx/serializer/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0bda4e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+# file      : examples/cxx/serializer/makefile
+# author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+# copyright : Copyright (c) 2006-2009 Code Synthesis Tools CC
+# license   : GNU GPL v2 + exceptions; see accompanying LICENSE file
+
+include $(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))../../../build/bootstrap.make
+
+examples :=
+
+ifeq ($(xsde_stl),y)
+ifeq ($(xsde_iostream),y)
+ifeq ($(xsde_exceptions),y)
+
+examples += hello
+
+ifneq ($(xsde_reuse_style),none)
+examples += library
+
+ifeq ($(xsde_polymorphic),y)
+examples += polymorphism polyroot
+endif
+
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(xsde_reuse_style),tiein)
+examples += wildcard
+endif
+
+endif
+endif
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(xsde_stl),n)
+ifeq ($(xsde_exceptions),n)
+ifneq ($(xsde_reuse_style),none)
+examples += minimal
+endif
+endif
+endif
+
+default   := $(out_base)/
+clean     := $(out_base)/.clean
+
+.PHONY: $(default) $(clean)
+
+$(default): $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(addsuffix /,$(examples)))
+$(clean): $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(addsuffix /.clean,$(examples)))
+
+$(foreach e,$(examples),$(call import,$(src_base)/$e/makefile))
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/minimal/README b/examples/cxx/serializer/minimal/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0121f9a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/minimal/README
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+This example is a minimal serializer implementation that is
+intended to work without STL, iostream, or C++ exceptions.
+
+The example consists of the following files:
+
+people.xsd
+  XML Schema which describes a collection of person
+  records.
+
+people.hxx
+  Simple C++ types that corresponds to the XML Schema
+  types in people.xsd. These are hand-written.
+
+people.map
+  Type map. It maps XML Schema types defined in
+  people.xsd to C++ types defined in people.hxx.
+
+people-sskel.hxx
+people-sskel.ixx
+people-sskel.cxx
+  Serializer skeletons generated by XSD/e from people.xsd
+  and people.map. The --no-stl and --no-iostream options
+  were used to produce these files.
+
+people-simpl-mixin.hxx
+
+people-simpl-tiein.hxx
+  Serializer implementations (using either mixin or tiein
+  parser reuse style) that serializes the custom in-memory
+  object model defined in people.hxx to XML. These are hand-
+  written implementations of the parser skeletons defined
+  in people-sskel.hxx.
+
+driver.cxx
+  Driver for the example. It first constructs a sample
+  object model using the types from people.hxx. It then
+  creates a serializer instance using the serializer
+  implementation mentioned above and a couple of predefined
+  serializers for the XML Schema built-in types. Finally, it
+  invokes this serializer instance to serialize the sample
+  object model to an XML document which is printed to STDOUT.
+  It also shows how to handle serialization and validation
+  errors using error codes.
+
+To run the example simply execute:
+
+$ ./driver
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/minimal/driver.cxx b/examples/cxx/serializer/minimal/driver.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..df8d7f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/minimal/driver.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/serializer/minimal/driver.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#include "people.hxx"
+#include "people-sskel.hxx" // Get the configuration macros (XSDE_*).
+
+#if defined(XSDE_REUSE_STYLE_MIXIN)
+#  include "people-simpl-mixin.hxx"
+#elif defined(XSDE_REUSE_STYLE_TIEIN)
+#  include "people-simpl-tiein.hxx"
+#else
+#  error this example requires mixin or tiein serializer reuse support
+#endif
+
+struct writer: xml_schema::writer
+{
+  virtual bool
+  write (const char* s, size_t n)
+  {
+    return fwrite (s, n, 1, stdout) == 1;
+  }
+
+  virtual bool
+  flush ()
+  {
+    return fflush (stdout) == 0;
+  }
+};
+
+int
+main ()
+{
+  // Create a sample person list.
+  //
+  people p;
+
+  p.size_ = 2;
+  p.people_ = new person[p.size_];
+
+  if (p.people_ == 0)
+  {
+    fprintf (stderr, "error: no memory\n");
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  p.people_[0].first_name_ = "John";
+  p.people_[0].last_name_ = "Doe";
+  p.people_[0].gender_ = male;
+  p.people_[0].age_ = 32;
+
+  p.people_[1].first_name_ = "Jane";
+  p.people_[1].last_name_ = "Doe";
+  p.people_[1].gender_ = female;
+  p.people_[1].age_ = 28;
+
+  // Construct the serializer.
+  //
+  xml_schema::unsigned_short_simpl unsigned_short_s;
+  xml_schema::string_simpl string_s;
+
+  gender_simpl gender_s;
+  person_simpl person_s;
+  people_simpl people_s;
+
+  person_s.serializers (string_s, string_s, gender_s, unsigned_short_s);
+  people_s.serializers (person_s);
+
+  // Serialize.
+  //
+  typedef xml_schema::serializer_error error;
+
+  error e;
+  writer w;
+
+  do
+  {
+    xml_schema::document_simpl doc_s (people_s, "people");
+
+    if (e = doc_s._error ())
+      break;
+
+    people_s.pre (p);
+
+    if (e = people_s._error ())
+      break;
+
+    doc_s.serialize (w);
+
+    if (e = doc_s._error ())
+      break;
+
+    people_s.post ();
+
+    e = people_s._error ();
+
+  } while (false);
+
+  delete[] p.people_;
+
+  // Handle errors.
+  //
+  if (e)
+  {
+    switch (e.type ())
+    {
+    case error::sys:
+      {
+        fprintf (stderr, "error: %s\n", e.sys_text ());
+        break;
+      }
+    case error::xml:
+      {
+        fprintf (stderr, "error: %s\n", e.xml_text ());
+        break;
+      }
+#ifdef XSDE_SERIALIZER_VALIDATION
+    case error::schema:
+      {
+        fprintf (stderr, "error: %s\n", e.schema_text ());
+        break;
+      }
+#endif
+    case error::app:
+      {
+        fprintf (stderr, "application error: %d\n", e.app_code ());
+        break;
+      }
+    default:
+      break;
+    }
+
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/minimal/makefile b/examples/cxx/serializer/minimal/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3337728
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/minimal/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+# file      : examples/cxx/serializer/minimal/makefile
+# author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+# copyright : Copyright (c) 2005-2009 Code Synthesis Tools CC
+# license   : GNU GPL v2 + exceptions; see accompanying LICENSE file
+
+include $(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))../../../../build/bootstrap.make
+
+xsd := people.xsd
+cxx := driver.cxx
+
+obj := $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(cxx:.cxx=.o) $(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.o))
+dep := $(obj:.o=.o.d)
+
+xsde.l             := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l
+xsde.l.cpp-options := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l.cpp-options
+
+driver := $(out_base)/driver
+clean  := $(out_base)/.clean
+
+
+# Build.
+#
+$(driver): $(obj) $(xsde.l)
+
+$(obj) $(dep): cpp_options := -I$(out_base) -I$(src_base)
+$(obj) $(dep): $(xsde.l.cpp-options)
+
+skel := $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.hxx) \
+        $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.ixx) \
+        $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.cxx)
+
+$(skel): xsde := $(out_root)/xsde/xsde
+$(skel): xsde_options += --type-map $(src_base)/people.map
+
+$(skel): $(out_root)/xsde/xsde $(src_base)/people.map
+
+$(call include-dep,$(dep))
+
+# Convenience alias for default target.
+#
+.PHONY: $(out_base)/
+$(out_base)/: $(driver)
+
+
+# Clean.
+#
+.PHONY: $(clean)
+
+$(clean): $(driver).o.clean                                \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(obj))                           \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(dep))                           \
+  $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.cxx.xsd.clean))
+
+
+# How to.
+#
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/o-e.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-o.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-d.make)
+$(call include,$(scf_root)/xsde/serializer/xsd-cxx.make)
+
+
+# Dependencies.
+#
+$(call import,$(src_root)/xsde/makefile)
+$(call import,$(src_root)/libxsde/xsde/makefile)
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/minimal/people-simpl-mixin.hxx b/examples/cxx/serializer/minimal/people-simpl-mixin.hxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..635bed2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/minimal/people-simpl-mixin.hxx
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/serializer/people/people-simpl-mixin.hxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#ifndef PEOPLE_SIMPL_HXX
+#define PEOPLE_SIMPL_HXX
+
+#include "people.hxx"
+#include "people-sskel.hxx"
+
+struct gender_simpl: virtual gender_sskel, xml_schema::string_simpl
+{
+  virtual void
+  pre (gender g)
+  {
+    string_simpl::pre (g == male ? "male" : "female");
+  }
+};
+
+struct person_simpl: virtual person_sskel
+{
+  virtual void
+  pre (const person& p)
+  {
+    person_ = &p;
+  }
+
+  virtual const char*
+  first_name ()
+  {
+    return person_->first_name_;
+  }
+
+  virtual const char*
+  last_name ()
+  {
+    return person_->last_name_;
+  }
+
+  virtual ::gender
+  gender ()
+  {
+    return person_->gender_;
+  }
+
+  virtual unsigned short
+  age ()
+  {
+    return person_->age_;
+  }
+
+private:
+  const person* person_;
+};
+
+struct people_simpl: virtual people_sskel
+{
+  virtual void
+  pre (const people& p)
+  {
+    i_ = 0;
+    people_ = &p;
+  }
+
+  virtual bool
+  person_next ()
+  {
+    return i_ < people_->size_;
+  }
+
+  virtual const ::person&
+  person ()
+  {
+    return people_->people_[i_++];
+  }
+
+private:
+  size_t i_;
+  const people* people_;
+};
+
+#endif // PEOPLE_SIMPL_HXX
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/minimal/people-simpl-tiein.hxx b/examples/cxx/serializer/minimal/people-simpl-tiein.hxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ce7a70d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/minimal/people-simpl-tiein.hxx
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/serializer/people/people-simpl-tiein.hxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#ifndef PEOPLE_SIMPL_HXX
+#define PEOPLE_SIMPL_HXX
+
+#include "people.hxx"
+#include "people-sskel.hxx"
+
+struct gender_simpl: gender_sskel
+{
+  gender_simpl ()
+      : gender_sskel (&base_impl_)
+  {
+  }
+
+  virtual void
+  pre (gender g)
+  {
+    base_impl_.pre (g == male ? "male" : "female");
+  }
+
+private:
+  xml_schema::string_simpl base_impl_;
+};
+
+struct person_simpl: person_sskel
+{
+  virtual void
+  pre (const person& p)
+  {
+    person_ = &p;
+  }
+
+  virtual const char*
+  first_name ()
+  {
+    return person_->first_name_;
+  }
+
+  virtual const char*
+  last_name ()
+  {
+    return person_->last_name_;
+  }
+
+  virtual ::gender
+  gender ()
+  {
+    return person_->gender_;
+  }
+
+  virtual unsigned short
+  age ()
+  {
+    return person_->age_;
+  }
+
+private:
+  const person* person_;
+};
+
+struct people_simpl: people_sskel
+{
+  virtual void
+  pre (const people& p)
+  {
+    i_ = 0;
+    people_ = &p;
+  }
+
+  virtual bool
+  person_next ()
+  {
+    return i_ < people_->size_;
+  }
+
+  virtual const ::person&
+  person ()
+  {
+    return people_->people_[i_++];
+  }
+
+private:
+  size_t i_;
+  const people* people_;
+};
+
+#endif // PEOPLE_SIMPL_HXX
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/minimal/people.hxx b/examples/cxx/serializer/minimal/people.hxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..94ae37d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/minimal/people.hxx
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/serializer/minimal/people.hxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#ifndef PEOPLE_HXX
+#define PEOPLE_HXX
+
+#include <stddef.h> // size_t
+
+enum gender
+{
+  male,
+  female
+};
+
+struct person
+{
+  const char* first_name_;
+  const char* last_name_;
+  gender gender_;
+  unsigned short age_;
+};
+
+struct people
+{
+  person* people_;
+  size_t size_;
+};
+
+#endif // PEOPLE_HXX
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/minimal/people.map b/examples/cxx/serializer/minimal/people.map
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6f51d5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/minimal/people.map
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# file      : examples/cxx/serializer/minimal/people.map
+# author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+# copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+include "people.hxx";
+
+gender ::gender ::gender;
+person "const ::person&";
+people "const ::people&";
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/minimal/people.xsd b/examples/cxx/serializer/minimal/people.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d5e4e1f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/minimal/people.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/serializer/minimal/people.xsd
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
+
+  <xsd:simpleType name="gender">
+    <xsd:restriction base="xsd:string">
+      <xsd:enumeration value="male"/>
+      <xsd:enumeration value="female"/>
+    </xsd:restriction>
+  </xsd:simpleType>
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="person">
+    <xsd:sequence>
+      <xsd:element name="first-name" type="xsd:string"/>
+      <xsd:element name="last-name" type="xsd:string"/>
+      <xsd:element name="gender" type="gender"/>
+      <xsd:element name="age" type="xsd:unsignedShort"/>
+    </xsd:sequence>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="people">
+    <xsd:sequence>
+      <xsd:element name="person" type="person" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xsd:sequence>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:element name="people" type="people"/>
+
+</xsd:schema>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/README b/examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0e2c5b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/README
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+This example shows how to handle XML Schema polymorphism features such as
+xsi:type attributes and substitution groups in the Embedded C++/Serializer
+mapping. The case when xsi:type or substitution groups are used on root
+elements is covered in the polyroot examples.
+
+The example consists of the following files:
+
+supermen.xsd
+  XML Schema which describes supermen instance documents.
+
+supermen.hxx
+  Types that describe the supermen object model in C++. These
+  are hand-written.
+
+supermen.map
+  Type map. It maps XML Schema types defined in supermen.xsd to
+  C++ types defined in supermen.hxx.
+
+supermen-sskel.hxx
+supermen-sskel.cxx
+  Serializer skeletons generated by XSD/e from supermen.xsd and
+  supermen.map.
+
+supermen-simpl-mixin.hxx
+supermen-simpl-mixin.cxx
+
+supermen-simpl-tiein.hxx
+supermen-simpl-tiein.cxx
+  Serializer implementations (using either mixin or tiein parser
+  reuse style) that serialize the custom in-memory object model to
+  XML. These are hand-written implementations of the serializer
+  skeletons defined in supermen-sskel.hxx.
+
+driver.cxx
+  Driver for the example. It first constructs a sample object model
+  using the types from supermen.hxx. It then creates a serializer
+  instance using all the individual serializers found in one of
+  supermen-simpl-*.hxx. Finally, it invokes this serializer instance
+  to serialize the sample object model to an XML document which is
+  printed to STDOUT.
+
+To run the example simply execute:
+
+$ ./driver
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/driver.cxx b/examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/driver.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3015133
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/driver.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/driver.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "supermen.hxx"
+
+#include "supermen-sskel.hxx" // Get the configuration macros (XSDE_*).
+
+#if defined(XSDE_REUSE_STYLE_MIXIN)
+#  include "supermen-simpl-mixin.hxx"
+#elif defined(XSDE_REUSE_STYLE_TIEIN)
+#  include "supermen-simpl-tiein.hxx"
+#else
+#  error this example requires mixin or tiein serializer reuse support
+#endif
+
+using std::cerr;
+using std::endl;
+
+int
+main ()
+{
+  // Check that the load in substitution and inheritance hashmaps
+  // is not too high.
+  //
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+  float load = (float) xml_schema::serializer_smap_elements ();
+  load /= xml_schema::serializer_smap_buckets ();
+
+  if (load > 0.8)
+  {
+    cerr << "substitution hashmap load is " << load << endl;
+    cerr << "time to increase XSDE_SERIALIZER_SMAP_BUCKETS" << endl;
+  }
+
+  load = (float) xml_schema::serializer_smap_bucket_elements ();
+  load /= xml_schema::serializer_smap_bucket_buckets ();
+
+  if (load > 0.8)
+  {
+    cerr << "substitution inner hashmap load is " << load << endl;
+    cerr << "time to increase XSDE_SERIALIZER_SMAP_BUCKET_BUCKETS" << endl;
+  }
+
+#ifdef XSDE_SERIALIZER_VALIDATION
+  load = (float) xml_schema::serializer_imap_elements ();
+  load /= xml_schema::serializer_imap_buckets ();
+
+  if (load > 0.8)
+  {
+    cerr << "inheritance hashmap load is " << load << endl;
+    cerr << "time to increase XSDE_SERIALIZER_IMAP_BUCKETS" << endl;
+  }
+#endif
+#endif
+
+  try
+  {
+    // Create a sample supermen catalog. To keep things simple the
+    // following code is not exception-safe.
+    //
+    supermen sm;
+
+    sm.push_back (new person ("John Doe"));
+    sm.push_back (new superman ("James 007 Bond", false));
+    sm.push_back (new batman ("Bruce Wayne", 10));
+
+    // Construct the serializer.
+    //
+    xml_schema::string_simpl string_s;
+    xml_schema::boolean_simpl boolean_s;
+    xml_schema::unsigned_int_simpl unsigned_int_s;
+
+    person_simpl person_s;
+    superman_simpl superman_s;
+    batman_simpl batman_s;
+
+    xml_schema::serializer_map_impl person_map (5); // 5 hashtable buckets
+    supermen_simpl supermen_s;
+
+    person_s.serializers (string_s);
+    superman_s.serializers (string_s, boolean_s);
+    batman_s.serializers (string_s, boolean_s, unsigned_int_s);
+
+    // Here we are specifying several serializers that can be
+    // used to serialize the person element.
+    //
+    person_map.insert (person_s);
+    person_map.insert (superman_s);
+    person_map.insert (batman_s);
+
+    supermen_s.person_serializer (person_map);
+
+    // Create the XML instance document. The last argument to the
+    // document's constructor indicates that we are serializing
+    // polymorphic XML documents.
+    //
+    xml_schema::document_simpl doc_s (supermen_s, "supermen", true);
+
+    doc_s.add_no_namespace_schema ("supermen.xsd");
+
+    supermen_s.pre (sm);
+    doc_s.serialize (std::cout);
+    supermen_s.post ();
+  }
+  catch (const xml_schema::serializer_exception& e)
+  {
+    cerr << "error: " << e.text () << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+  catch (const std::ios_base::failure&)
+  {
+    cerr << "error: write failure" << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/makefile b/examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1841794
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+# file      : examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/makefile
+# author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+# copyright : Copyright (c) 2005-2009 Code Synthesis Tools CC
+# license   : GNU GPL v2 + exceptions; see accompanying LICENSE file
+
+include $(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))../../../../build/bootstrap.make
+
+xsd := supermen.xsd
+cxx := driver.cxx
+
+ifeq ($(xsde_reuse_style),mixin)
+cxx += supermen-simpl-mixin.cxx
+else
+cxx += supermen-simpl-tiein.cxx
+endif
+
+obj := $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(cxx:.cxx=.o) $(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.o))
+dep := $(obj:.o=.o.d)
+
+xsde.l             := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l
+xsde.l.cpp-options := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l.cpp-options
+
+driver := $(out_base)/driver
+clean  := $(out_base)/.clean
+
+
+# Build.
+#
+$(driver): $(obj) $(xsde.l)
+
+$(obj) $(dep): cpp_options := -I$(out_base) -I$(src_base)
+$(obj) $(dep): $(xsde.l.cpp-options)
+
+skel := $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.hxx) \
+        $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.ixx) \
+        $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.cxx)
+
+$(skel): xsde := $(out_root)/xsde/xsde
+$(skel): xsde_options += --generate-polymorphic \
+--type-map $(src_base)/supermen.map
+
+$(skel): $(out_root)/xsde/xsde $(src_base)/supermen.map
+
+$(call include-dep,$(dep))
+
+# Convenience alias for default target.
+#
+.PHONY: $(out_base)/
+$(out_base)/: $(driver)
+
+
+# Clean.
+#
+.PHONY: $(clean)
+
+$(clean): $(driver).o.clean                                \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(obj))                           \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(dep))                           \
+  $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.cxx.xsd.clean))
+
+
+# How to.
+#
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/o-e.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-o.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-d.make)
+$(call include,$(scf_root)/xsde/serializer/xsd-cxx.make)
+
+
+# Dependencies.
+#
+$(call import,$(src_root)/xsde/makefile)
+$(call import,$(src_root)/libxsde/xsde/makefile)
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/supermen-simpl-mixin.cxx b/examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/supermen-simpl-mixin.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..328cc2f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/supermen-simpl-mixin.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/supermen-simpl-mixin.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#include "supermen-simpl-mixin.hxx"
+
+//
+//
+void person_simpl::
+pre (const person& p)
+{
+  person_ = &p;
+}
+
+std::string person_simpl::
+name ()
+{
+  return person_->name ();
+}
+
+//
+//
+bool superman_simpl::
+can_fly ()
+{
+  return static_cast<const superman*> (person_)->can_fly ();
+}
+
+//
+//
+unsigned int batman_simpl::
+wing_span ()
+{
+  return static_cast<const batman*> (person_)->wing_span ();
+}
+
+//
+//
+void supermen_simpl::
+pre (const supermen& s)
+{
+  supermen_ = &s;
+  i_ = s.begin ();
+}
+
+bool supermen_simpl::
+person_next ()
+{
+  return i_ != supermen_->end ();
+}
+
+const person& supermen_simpl::
+person ()
+{
+  const ::person& p = **i_++;
+
+  // Map type id to serializer type. We could have also done this in a
+  // custom serializer_map implementation in which case we could simply
+  // pass a pointer to the person instance as type id.
+  //
+  xml_schema::serializer_context& ctx = _context ();
+
+  switch (p.type ())
+  {
+  case person_type:
+    {
+      ctx.type_id (person_sskel::_static_type ());
+      break;
+    }
+  case superman_type:
+    {
+      ctx.type_id (superman_sskel::_static_type ());
+      break;
+    }
+  case batman_type:
+    {
+      ctx.type_id (batman_sskel::_static_type ());
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return p;
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/supermen-simpl-mixin.hxx b/examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/supermen-simpl-mixin.hxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..04b8b18
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/supermen-simpl-mixin.hxx
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/library-simpl-mixin.hxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#ifndef SUPERMEN_SIMPL_HXX
+#define SUPERMEN_SIMPL_HXX
+
+#include "supermen.hxx"
+#include "supermen-sskel.hxx"
+
+struct person_simpl: virtual person_sskel
+{
+  virtual void
+  pre (const person&);
+
+  virtual std::string
+  name ();
+
+protected:
+  const person* person_;
+};
+
+struct superman_simpl: virtual superman_sskel, person_simpl
+{
+  virtual bool
+  can_fly ();
+};
+
+struct batman_simpl: virtual batman_sskel, superman_simpl
+{
+  virtual unsigned int
+  wing_span ();
+};
+
+struct supermen_simpl: virtual supermen_sskel
+{
+  virtual void
+  pre (const supermen&);
+
+  virtual bool
+  person_next ();
+
+  virtual const ::person&
+  person ();
+
+private:
+  const supermen* supermen_;
+  supermen::const_iterator i_;
+};
+
+#endif // SUPERMEN_SIMPL_HXX
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/supermen-simpl-tiein.cxx b/examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/supermen-simpl-tiein.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..77466b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/supermen-simpl-tiein.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/supermen-simpl-tiein.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#include "supermen-simpl-tiein.hxx"
+
+//
+//
+void person_simpl::
+pre (const person& p)
+{
+  person_ = &p;
+}
+
+std::string person_simpl::
+name ()
+{
+  return person_->name ();
+}
+
+//
+//
+superman_simpl::
+superman_simpl ()
+    : superman_sskel (&base_impl_)
+{
+}
+
+bool superman_simpl::
+can_fly ()
+{
+  return superman_ ().can_fly ();
+}
+
+const superman& superman_simpl::
+superman_ ()
+{
+  return *static_cast<const superman*> (base_impl_.person_);
+}
+
+//
+//
+batman_simpl::
+batman_simpl ()
+    : batman_sskel (&base_impl_)
+{
+}
+
+unsigned int batman_simpl::
+wing_span ()
+{
+  return batman_ ().wing_span ();
+}
+
+const batman& batman_simpl::
+batman_ ()
+{
+  return static_cast<const batman&> (base_impl_.superman_ ());
+}
+
+//
+//
+void supermen_simpl::
+pre (const supermen& s)
+{
+  supermen_ = &s;
+  i_ = s.begin ();
+}
+
+bool supermen_simpl::
+person_next ()
+{
+  return i_ != supermen_->end ();
+}
+
+const person& supermen_simpl::
+person ()
+{
+  const ::person& p = **i_++;
+
+  // Map type id to serializer type. We could have also done this in a
+  // custom serializer_map implementation in which case we could simply
+  // pass a pointer to the person instance as type id.
+  //
+  xml_schema::serializer_context& ctx = _context ();
+
+  switch (p.type ())
+  {
+  case person_type:
+    {
+      ctx.type_id (person_sskel::_static_type ());
+      break;
+    }
+  case superman_type:
+    {
+      ctx.type_id (superman_sskel::_static_type ());
+      break;
+    }
+  case batman_type:
+    {
+      ctx.type_id (batman_sskel::_static_type ());
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return p;
+}
+
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/supermen-simpl-tiein.hxx b/examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/supermen-simpl-tiein.hxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..806d017
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/supermen-simpl-tiein.hxx
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/supermen-simpl-tiein.hxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#ifndef SUPERMEN_SIMPL_HXX
+#define SUPERMEN_SIMPL_HXX
+
+#include "supermen.hxx"
+#include "supermen-sskel.hxx"
+
+struct person_simpl: person_sskel
+{
+  virtual void
+  pre (const person&);
+
+  virtual std::string
+  name ();
+
+  // Derived serializers need access to this variable.
+  //
+public:
+  const person* person_;
+};
+
+struct superman_simpl: superman_sskel
+{
+  superman_simpl ();
+
+  virtual bool
+  can_fly ();
+
+  const superman&
+  superman_ ();
+
+private:
+  person_simpl base_impl_;
+};
+
+struct batman_simpl: batman_sskel
+{
+  batman_simpl ();
+
+  virtual unsigned int
+  wing_span ();
+
+  const batman&
+  batman_ ();
+
+private:
+  superman_simpl base_impl_;
+};
+
+struct supermen_simpl: supermen_sskel
+{
+  virtual void
+  pre (const supermen&);
+
+  virtual bool
+  person_next ();
+
+  virtual const ::person&
+  person ();
+
+private:
+  const supermen* supermen_;
+  supermen::const_iterator i_;
+};
+
+#endif // SUPERMEN_SIMPL_HXX
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/supermen.hxx b/examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/supermen.hxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a04b8dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/supermen.hxx
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/supermen.hxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#ifndef SUPERMEN_HXX
+#define SUPERMEN_HXX
+
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+// Custom type id. We could also use standard C++ typeid/type_info
+// if it is available.
+//
+enum type_id
+{
+  person_type,
+  superman_type,
+  batman_type
+};
+
+//
+//
+struct person
+{
+  virtual
+  ~person ()
+  {
+  }
+
+  person (const std::string& name)
+      : name_ (name)
+  {
+  }
+
+  const std::string&
+  name () const
+  {
+    return name_;
+  }
+
+  void
+  name (const std::string& n)
+  {
+    name_ = n;
+  }
+
+  virtual type_id
+  type () const
+  {
+    return person_type;
+  }
+
+private:
+  std::string name_;
+};
+
+//
+//
+struct superman: person
+{
+  superman (const std::string& name, bool can_fly)
+      : person (name), can_fly_ (can_fly)
+  {
+  }
+
+  bool
+  can_fly () const
+  {
+    return can_fly_;
+  }
+
+  void
+  can_fly (bool cf)
+  {
+    can_fly_ = cf;
+  }
+
+  virtual type_id
+  type () const
+  {
+    return superman_type;
+  }
+
+private:
+  bool can_fly_;
+};
+
+struct batman: superman
+{
+  batman (const std::string& name, unsigned int wing_span)
+      : superman (name, true), wing_span_ (wing_span)
+  {
+  }
+
+  unsigned int
+  wing_span () const
+  {
+    return wing_span_;
+  }
+
+  void
+  wing_span (unsigned int ws)
+  {
+    wing_span_ = ws;
+  }
+
+  virtual type_id
+  type () const
+  {
+    return batman_type;
+  }
+
+private:
+  unsigned int wing_span_;
+};
+
+// Poor man's polymorphic sequence which also assumes ownership of the
+// elements.
+//
+struct supermen: std::vector<person*>
+{
+  ~supermen ()
+  {
+    for (iterator i = begin (); i != end (); ++i)
+      delete *i;
+  }
+};
+
+#endif // SUPERMEN_HXX
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/supermen.map b/examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/supermen.map
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ef39a19
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/supermen.map
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# file      : examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/supermen.map
+# author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+# copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+include "supermen.hxx";
+
+person   "const ::person&";
+superman "const ::person&";
+batman   "const ::person&";
+supermen "const ::supermen&";
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/supermen.xsd b/examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/supermen.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..890c7e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/supermen.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/serializer/polymorphism/schema.xsd
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="person">
+    <xsd:sequence>
+      <xsd:element name="name" type="xsd:string"/>
+    </xsd:sequence>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <!-- substitution group root -->
+  <xsd:element name="person" type="person"/>
+
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="superman">
+    <xsd:complexContent>
+      <xsd:extension base="person">
+        <xsd:attribute name="can-fly" type="xsd:boolean" use="required"/>
+      </xsd:extension>
+    </xsd:complexContent>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:element name="superman" type="superman" substitutionGroup="person"/>
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="batman">
+    <xsd:complexContent>
+      <xsd:extension base="superman">
+        <xsd:attribute name="wing-span" type="xsd:unsignedInt" use="required"/>
+      </xsd:extension>
+    </xsd:complexContent>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="supermen">
+    <xsd:sequence>
+      <xsd:element ref="person" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xsd:sequence>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:element name="supermen" type="supermen"/>
+
+</xsd:schema>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/README b/examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bd86188
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/README
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+This example shows how to handle the xsi:type attributes and substitution
+groups when they are used on root elements. For general coverage of XML
+Schema polymorphism handling in the Embedded C++/Serializer mapping see
+the polymorphism example.
+
+The example consists of the following files:
+
+supermen.xsd
+  XML Schema which describes supermen instance documents.
+
+supermen.hxx
+  Types that describe the supermen object model in C++. These
+  are hand-written.
+
+supermen.map
+  Type map. It maps XML Schema types defined in supermen.xsd to
+  C++ types defined in supermen.hxx.
+
+supermen-sskel.hxx
+supermen-sskel.cxx
+  Serializer skeletons generated by XSD/e from supermen.xsd and
+  supermen.map.
+
+supermen-simpl-mixin.hxx
+supermen-simpl-mixin.cxx
+
+supermen-simpl-tiein.hxx
+supermen-simpl-tiein.cxx
+  Serializer implementations (using either mixin or tiein parser
+  reuse style) that serialize the custom in-memory object model to
+  XML. These are hand-written implementations of the serializer
+  skeletons defined in supermen-sskel.hxx.
+
+driver.cxx
+  Driver for the example. It first constructs a sample object model
+  using the types from supermen.hxx. It then creates a serializer
+  instance using all the individual serializers found in one of
+  supermen-simpl-*.hxx. Finally, it iterates over the object model
+  and based on the type of the item being serialized, it creates
+  the corresponding document serializer that is then invoked to
+  serialize the object model item to an XML document which is
+  printed to STDOUT.
+
+To run the example simply execute:
+
+$ ./driver
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/driver.cxx b/examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/driver.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d404d15
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/driver.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/driver.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "supermen.hxx"
+
+#include "supermen-sskel.hxx" // Get the configuration macros (XSDE_*).
+
+#if defined(XSDE_REUSE_STYLE_MIXIN)
+#  include "supermen-simpl-mixin.hxx"
+#elif defined(XSDE_REUSE_STYLE_TIEIN)
+#  include "supermen-simpl-tiein.hxx"
+#else
+#  error this example requires mixin or tiein serializer reuse support
+#endif
+
+using std::cerr;
+using std::endl;
+
+int
+main ()
+{
+  // Check that the load in substitution and inheritance hashmaps
+  // is not too high.
+  //
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+  float load = (float) xml_schema::serializer_smap_elements ();
+  load /= xml_schema::serializer_smap_buckets ();
+
+  if (load > 0.8)
+  {
+    cerr << "substitution hashmap load is " << load << endl;
+    cerr << "time to increase XSDE_SERIALIZER_SMAP_BUCKETS" << endl;
+  }
+
+  load = (float) xml_schema::serializer_smap_bucket_elements ();
+  load /= xml_schema::serializer_smap_bucket_buckets ();
+
+  if (load > 0.8)
+  {
+    cerr << "substitution inner hashmap load is " << load << endl;
+    cerr << "time to increase XSDE_SERIALIZER_SMAP_BUCKET_BUCKETS" << endl;
+  }
+
+#ifdef XSDE_SERIALIZER_VALIDATION
+  load = (float) xml_schema::serializer_imap_elements ();
+  load /= xml_schema::serializer_imap_buckets ();
+
+  if (load > 0.8)
+  {
+    cerr << "inheritance hashmap load is " << load << endl;
+    cerr << "time to increase XSDE_SERIALIZER_IMAP_BUCKETS" << endl;
+  }
+#endif
+#endif
+
+  try
+  {
+    // Create a sample supermen catalog. To keep things simple the
+    // following code is not exception-safe.
+    //
+    supermen sm;
+
+    sm.push_back (new person ("John Doe"));
+    sm.push_back (new superman ("James 007 Bond", false));
+    sm.push_back (new batman ("Bruce Wayne", 10));
+
+    // Construct the serializer.
+    //
+    xml_schema::string_simpl string_s;
+    xml_schema::boolean_simpl boolean_s;
+    xml_schema::unsigned_int_simpl unsigned_int_s;
+
+    person_simpl person_s;
+    superman_simpl superman_s;
+    batman_simpl batman_s;
+
+    person_s.serializers (string_s);
+    superman_s.serializers (string_s, boolean_s);
+    batman_s.serializers (string_s, boolean_s, unsigned_int_s);
+
+    // Serialize each item in the supermen catalog as a separate XML
+    // document.
+    //
+    for (supermen::const_iterator i = sm.begin (); i != sm.end (); ++i)
+    {
+      person& p = **i;
+      person_sskel* ps = 0;
+
+      switch (p.type ())
+      {
+      case person_type:
+        {
+          ps = &person_s;
+          break;
+        }
+      case superman_type:
+        {
+          ps = &superman_s;
+          break;
+        }
+      case batman_type:
+        {
+          ps = &batman_s;
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+
+      // Create a document serializer for this type. Note that we pass
+      // true as the third argument to indicate polymorphic serialization
+      // as well as the root element's static type as the last argument
+      // which is necessary if the actual root type can differ from its
+      // static type.
+      //
+      xml_schema::document_simpl doc_s (
+        *ps, "person", true, person_sskel::_static_type ());
+
+      doc_s.add_no_namespace_schema ("supermen.xsd");
+
+      ps->pre (p);
+      doc_s.serialize (std::cout);
+      ps->post ();
+
+      std::cout << endl
+                << endl;
+    }
+  }
+  catch (const xml_schema::serializer_exception& e)
+  {
+    cerr << "error: " << e.text () << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+  catch (const std::ios_base::failure&)
+  {
+    cerr << "error: write failure" << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/makefile b/examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9427b4a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+# file      : examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/makefile
+# author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+# copyright : Copyright (c) 2005-2009 Code Synthesis Tools CC
+# license   : GNU GPL v2 + exceptions; see accompanying LICENSE file
+
+include $(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))../../../../build/bootstrap.make
+
+xsd := supermen.xsd
+cxx := driver.cxx
+
+ifeq ($(xsde_reuse_style),mixin)
+cxx += supermen-simpl-mixin.cxx
+else
+cxx += supermen-simpl-tiein.cxx
+endif
+
+obj := $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(cxx:.cxx=.o) $(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.o))
+dep := $(obj:.o=.o.d)
+
+xsde.l             := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l
+xsde.l.cpp-options := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l.cpp-options
+
+driver := $(out_base)/driver
+clean  := $(out_base)/.clean
+
+
+# Build.
+#
+$(driver): $(obj) $(xsde.l)
+
+$(obj) $(dep): cpp_options := -I$(out_base) -I$(src_base)
+$(obj) $(dep): $(xsde.l.cpp-options)
+
+skel := $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.hxx) \
+        $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.ixx) \
+        $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.cxx)
+
+$(skel): xsde := $(out_root)/xsde/xsde
+$(skel): xsde_options += --generate-polymorphic \
+--type-map $(src_base)/supermen.map
+
+$(skel): $(out_root)/xsde/xsde $(src_base)/supermen.map
+
+$(call include-dep,$(dep))
+
+# Convenience alias for default target.
+#
+.PHONY: $(out_base)/
+$(out_base)/: $(driver)
+
+
+# Clean.
+#
+.PHONY: $(clean)
+
+$(clean): $(driver).o.clean                                \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(obj))                           \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(dep))                           \
+  $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.cxx.xsd.clean))
+
+
+# How to.
+#
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/o-e.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-o.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-d.make)
+$(call include,$(scf_root)/xsde/serializer/xsd-cxx.make)
+
+
+# Dependencies.
+#
+$(call import,$(src_root)/xsde/makefile)
+$(call import,$(src_root)/libxsde/xsde/makefile)
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/supermen-simpl-mixin.cxx b/examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/supermen-simpl-mixin.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b6ea058
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/supermen-simpl-mixin.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/supermen-simpl-mixin.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#include "supermen-simpl-mixin.hxx"
+
+//
+//
+void person_simpl::
+pre (const person& p)
+{
+  person_ = &p;
+}
+
+std::string person_simpl::
+name ()
+{
+  return person_->name ();
+}
+
+//
+//
+bool superman_simpl::
+can_fly ()
+{
+  return static_cast<const superman*> (person_)->can_fly ();
+}
+
+//
+//
+unsigned int batman_simpl::
+wing_span ()
+{
+  return static_cast<const batman*> (person_)->wing_span ();
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/supermen-simpl-mixin.hxx b/examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/supermen-simpl-mixin.hxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9f9f37c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/supermen-simpl-mixin.hxx
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/library-simpl-mixin.hxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#ifndef SUPERMEN_SIMPL_HXX
+#define SUPERMEN_SIMPL_HXX
+
+#include "supermen.hxx"
+#include "supermen-sskel.hxx"
+
+struct person_simpl: virtual person_sskel
+{
+  virtual void
+  pre (const person&);
+
+  virtual std::string
+  name ();
+
+protected:
+  const person* person_;
+};
+
+struct superman_simpl: virtual superman_sskel, person_simpl
+{
+  virtual bool
+  can_fly ();
+};
+
+struct batman_simpl: virtual batman_sskel, superman_simpl
+{
+  virtual unsigned int
+  wing_span ();
+};
+
+#endif // SUPERMEN_SIMPL_HXX
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/supermen-simpl-tiein.cxx b/examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/supermen-simpl-tiein.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f72e0f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/supermen-simpl-tiein.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/supermen-simpl-tiein.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#include "supermen-simpl-tiein.hxx"
+
+//
+//
+void person_simpl::
+pre (const person& p)
+{
+  person_ = &p;
+}
+
+std::string person_simpl::
+name ()
+{
+  return person_->name ();
+}
+
+//
+//
+superman_simpl::
+superman_simpl ()
+    : superman_sskel (&base_impl_)
+{
+}
+
+bool superman_simpl::
+can_fly ()
+{
+  return superman_ ().can_fly ();
+}
+
+const superman& superman_simpl::
+superman_ ()
+{
+  return *static_cast<const superman*> (base_impl_.person_);
+}
+
+//
+//
+batman_simpl::
+batman_simpl ()
+    : batman_sskel (&base_impl_)
+{
+}
+
+unsigned int batman_simpl::
+wing_span ()
+{
+  return batman_ ().wing_span ();
+}
+
+const batman& batman_simpl::
+batman_ ()
+{
+  return static_cast<const batman&> (base_impl_.superman_ ());
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/supermen-simpl-tiein.hxx b/examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/supermen-simpl-tiein.hxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e67e7f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/supermen-simpl-tiein.hxx
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/supermen-simpl-tiein.hxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#ifndef SUPERMEN_SIMPL_HXX
+#define SUPERMEN_SIMPL_HXX
+
+#include "supermen.hxx"
+#include "supermen-sskel.hxx"
+
+struct person_simpl: person_sskel
+{
+  virtual void
+  pre (const person&);
+
+  virtual std::string
+  name ();
+
+  // Derived serializers need access to this variable.
+  //
+public:
+  const person* person_;
+};
+
+struct superman_simpl: superman_sskel
+{
+  superman_simpl ();
+
+  virtual bool
+  can_fly ();
+
+  const superman&
+  superman_ ();
+
+private:
+  person_simpl base_impl_;
+};
+
+struct batman_simpl: batman_sskel
+{
+  batman_simpl ();
+
+  virtual unsigned int
+  wing_span ();
+
+  const batman&
+  batman_ ();
+
+private:
+  superman_simpl base_impl_;
+};
+
+#endif // SUPERMEN_SIMPL_HXX
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/supermen.hxx b/examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/supermen.hxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7987a0d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/supermen.hxx
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/supermen.hxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#ifndef SUPERMEN_HXX
+#define SUPERMEN_HXX
+
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+// Custom type id. We could also use standard C++ typeid/type_info
+// if it is available.
+//
+enum type_id
+{
+  person_type,
+  superman_type,
+  batman_type
+};
+
+//
+//
+struct person
+{
+  virtual
+  ~person ()
+  {
+  }
+
+  person (const std::string& name)
+      : name_ (name)
+  {
+  }
+
+  const std::string&
+  name () const
+  {
+    return name_;
+  }
+
+  void
+  name (const std::string& n)
+  {
+    name_ = n;
+  }
+
+  virtual type_id
+  type () const
+  {
+    return person_type;
+  }
+
+private:
+  std::string name_;
+};
+
+//
+//
+struct superman: person
+{
+  superman (const std::string& name, bool can_fly)
+      : person (name), can_fly_ (can_fly)
+  {
+  }
+
+  bool
+  can_fly () const
+  {
+    return can_fly_;
+  }
+
+  void
+  can_fly (bool cf)
+  {
+    can_fly_ = cf;
+  }
+
+  virtual type_id
+  type () const
+  {
+    return superman_type;
+  }
+
+private:
+  bool can_fly_;
+};
+
+struct batman: superman
+{
+  batman (const std::string& name, unsigned int wing_span)
+      : superman (name, true), wing_span_ (wing_span)
+  {
+  }
+
+  unsigned int
+  wing_span () const
+  {
+    return wing_span_;
+  }
+
+  void
+  wing_span (unsigned int ws)
+  {
+    wing_span_ = ws;
+  }
+
+  virtual type_id
+  type () const
+  {
+    return batman_type;
+  }
+
+private:
+  unsigned int wing_span_;
+};
+
+// Poor man's polymorphic sequence which also assumes ownership of the
+// elements.
+//
+struct supermen: std::vector<person*>
+{
+  ~supermen ()
+  {
+    for (iterator i = begin (); i != end (); ++i)
+      delete *i;
+  }
+};
+
+#endif // SUPERMEN_HXX
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/supermen.map b/examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/supermen.map
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..53b1097
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/supermen.map
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# file      : examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/supermen.map
+# author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+# copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+include "supermen.hxx";
+
+person   "const ::person&";
+superman "const ::person&";
+batman   "const ::person&";
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/supermen.xsd b/examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/supermen.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3d1d4a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/supermen.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/serializer/polyroot/schema.xsd
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="person">
+    <xsd:sequence>
+      <xsd:element name="name" type="xsd:string"/>
+    </xsd:sequence>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <!-- substitution group root -->
+  <xsd:element name="person" type="person"/>
+
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="superman">
+    <xsd:complexContent>
+      <xsd:extension base="person">
+        <xsd:attribute name="can-fly" type="xsd:boolean" use="required"/>
+      </xsd:extension>
+    </xsd:complexContent>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:element name="superman" type="superman" substitutionGroup="person"/>
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="batman">
+    <xsd:complexContent>
+      <xsd:extension base="superman">
+        <xsd:attribute name="wing-span" type="xsd:unsignedInt" use="required"/>
+      </xsd:extension>
+    </xsd:complexContent>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+    
+</xsd:schema>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/wildcard/README b/examples/cxx/serializer/wildcard/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..831a2d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/wildcard/README
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+This example shows how to serialize XML data matched by XML Schema
+wildcards (any and anyAttribute) using the Embedded C++/Serializer
+mapping.
+
+The example consists of the following files:
+
+email.xsd
+  XML Schema which describes a simple email format with the
+  extensible envelope type.
+
+email.hxx
+  C++ types that describe the email format defined in email.xsd.
+  These are hand-written.
+
+email.map
+  Type map. It maps XML Schema types defined in email.xsd to C++
+  types defined in email.hxx.
+
+email-sskel.hxx
+email-sskel.cxx
+  Serializer skeletons generated by XSD/e from email.xsd and
+  email.map.
+
+driver.cxx
+  Serializer implementations and a driver for the example. The
+  serializer implementations serialize the in-memory object model
+  defined in email.hxx to XML. The driver first constructs a sample
+  email object using the types from email.hxx. It then creates a
+  serializer instance using the serializer implementations mentioned
+  above and a couple of predefined serializers for the XML Schema
+  built-in types. Finally, it invokes this serializer instance to
+  serialize the sample email object to an XML document which is
+  printed to STDOUT.
+
+To run the example simply execute:
+
+$ ./driver
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/wildcard/driver.cxx b/examples/cxx/serializer/wildcard/driver.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7feb13a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/wildcard/driver.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,410 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/serializer/wildcard/driver.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include "email-sskel.hxx"
+
+#ifndef XSDE_REUSE_STYLE_TIEIN
+#  error this example requires the tiein serializer reuse support
+#endif
+
+using namespace std;
+
+namespace email
+{
+  struct binary_simpl: binary_sskel
+  {
+    // Indicate to base64_binary_simpl that we want it to release
+    // the buffer passed via pre().
+    //
+    binary_simpl ()
+        : binary_sskel (&base_impl_), base_impl_ (true)
+    {
+    }
+
+    virtual void
+    pre (const binary* bin)
+    {
+      using namespace xml_schema;
+
+      bin_ = bin;
+      buffer* buf = new buffer (bin->data (), bin->size ());
+      base_impl_.pre (buf);
+    }
+
+    virtual std::string
+    name ()
+    {
+      return bin_->name ();
+    }
+
+    virtual std::string
+    mime ()
+    {
+      return bin_->mime ();
+    }
+
+  private:
+    xml_schema::base64_binary_simpl base_impl_;
+    const binary* bin_;
+  };
+
+  struct envelope_simpl: envelope_sskel
+  {
+    envelope_simpl (xml_schema::string_simpl& text_s,
+                    binary_sskel& bin_s,
+                    xml_schema::unsigned_int_simpl& uint_s)
+        : text_s_ (text_s), bin_s_ (bin_s), uint_s_ (uint_s)
+    {
+    }
+
+    virtual void
+    pre (const envelope& env)
+    {
+      env_ = &env;
+      tid_set_ = false;
+      i_ = env_->begin_body ();
+    }
+
+    // Attributes.
+    //
+    virtual bool
+    any_attribute_next ()
+    {
+      return !tid_set_;
+    }
+
+    virtual void
+    any_attribute (std::string& ns, std::string& name)
+    {
+      ns = "http://www.codesynthesis.com/email";
+      name = "thread-id";
+    }
+
+    virtual void
+    serialize_any_attribute ()
+    {
+      // This function is where we perform the actual wildcard
+      // serialization.
+      //
+      xml_schema::serializer_context& ctx = _context ();
+
+#if defined(XSDE_EXCEPTIONS) && !defined(XSDE_SERIALIZER_VALIDATION)
+
+      uint_s_.pre (env_->thread_id ());
+      uint_s_._pre_impl (ctx);
+      uint_s_._serialize_content ();
+      uint_s_._post_impl ();
+      uint_s_.post ();
+#else
+      // If we are not using exceptions or XML Schema validation
+      // is enabled then we need to check for the error condition
+      // and, if the (user) error was set in pre() or post(),
+      // also copy the error code to the context. The _error_type()
+      // function returns non-0 value if there an error pending.
+      // The _copy_error() functions copies the error state to
+      // the context.
+
+      uint_s_.pre (env_->thread_id ());
+
+#ifndef XSDE_EXCEPTIONS
+      if (uint_s_._error_type ())
+        uint_s_._copy_error (ctx);
+
+      if (ctx.error_type ())
+        return;
+#endif
+      uint_s_._pre_impl (ctx);
+
+      if (ctx.error_type ())
+        return;
+
+      uint_s_._serialize_content ();
+
+      if (ctx.error_type ())
+        return;
+
+      uint_s_._post_impl ();
+
+      if (ctx.error_type ())
+        return;
+
+      uint_s_.post ();
+
+#ifndef XSDE_EXCEPTIONS
+      if (uint_s_._error_type ())
+        uint_s_._copy_error (ctx);
+
+      if (_error_type ())
+        return;
+#endif
+#endif
+
+      tid_set_ = true;
+    }
+
+    // Elements.
+    //
+    virtual std::string
+    to ()
+    {
+      return env_->to ();
+    }
+
+    virtual std::string
+    from ()
+    {
+      return env_->from ();
+    }
+
+    virtual std::string
+    subject ()
+    {
+      return env_->subject ();
+    }
+
+    virtual bool
+    any_next ()
+    {
+      // See if there is a body that we know how to serialize.
+      //
+      for (; i_ != env_->end_body (); ++i_)
+      {
+        body_type t = (*i_)->type ();
+
+        if (t == email::text_body || t == email::binary_body)
+          break;
+      }
+
+      return i_ != env_->end_body ();
+    }
+
+    virtual void
+    any (std::string& ns, std::string& name)
+    {
+      ns = "http://www.codesynthesis.com/email";
+
+      switch ((*i_)->type ())
+      {
+      case email::text_body:
+        {
+          name = "text";
+          break;
+        }
+      case email::binary_body:
+        {
+          name = "binary";
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    virtual void
+    serialize_any ()
+    {
+      const body* b = *i_++;
+      xml_schema::serializer_context& ctx = _context ();
+
+      switch (b->type ())
+      {
+      case email::text_body:
+        {
+          // For more information on what's going here, see the
+          // serialize_any_attribute() function above.
+          //
+#if defined(XSDE_EXCEPTIONS) && !defined(XSDE_SERIALIZER_VALIDATION)
+
+          text_s_.pre (static_cast<const text*> (b)->content ());
+          text_s_._pre_impl (ctx);
+          text_s_._serialize_content ();
+          text_s_._post_impl ();
+          text_s_.post ();
+#else
+
+          text_s_.pre (static_cast<const text*> (b)->content ());
+
+#ifndef XSDE_EXCEPTIONS
+          if (text_s_._error_type ())
+            text_s_._copy_error (ctx);
+
+          if (ctx.error_type ())
+            return;
+#endif
+          text_s_._pre_impl (ctx);
+
+          if (ctx.error_type ())
+            return;
+
+          text_s_._serialize_content ();
+
+          if (ctx.error_type ())
+            return;
+
+          text_s_._post_impl ();
+
+          if (ctx.error_type ())
+            return;
+
+          text_s_.post ();
+
+#ifndef XSDE_EXCEPTIONS
+          if (text_s_._error_type ())
+            text_s_._copy_error (ctx);
+
+          if (ctx.error_type ())
+            return;
+#endif
+#endif
+          break;
+        }
+      case email::binary_body:
+        {
+          // For more information on what's going here, see the
+          // serialize_any_attribute() function above. Note also
+          // that in this case we also call _serialize_attributes
+          // since binary is a complex type.
+          //
+
+#if defined(XSDE_EXCEPTIONS) && !defined(XSDE_SERIALIZER_VALIDATION)
+          bin_s_.pre (static_cast<const binary*> (b));
+          bin_s_._pre_impl (ctx);
+          bin_s_._serialize_attributes ();
+          bin_s_._serialize_content ();
+          bin_s_._post_impl ();
+          bin_s_.post ();
+#else
+          bin_s_.pre (static_cast<const binary*> (b));
+
+#ifndef XSDE_EXCEPTIONS
+          if (bin_s_._error_type ())
+            bin_s_._copy_error (ctx);
+
+          if (ctx.error_type ())
+            return;
+#endif
+          bin_s_._pre_impl (ctx);
+
+          if (ctx.error_type ())
+            return;
+
+          bin_s_._serialize_attributes ();
+
+          if (ctx.error_type ())
+            return;
+
+          bin_s_._serialize_content ();
+
+          if (ctx.error_type ())
+            return;
+
+          bin_s_._post_impl ();
+
+          if (ctx.error_type ())
+            return;
+
+          bin_s_.post ();
+
+#ifndef XSDE_EXCEPTIONS
+          if (bin_s_._error_type ())
+            bin_s_._copy_error (ctx);
+
+          if (ctx.error_type ())
+            return;
+#endif
+#endif
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    // If we need to be able to reset and reuse the serializer
+    // after an error then we also need to override _reset() and
+    // reset the serializers that are used to handle wildcards.
+    // Note that you always need to call _reset() from the base.
+    //
+    virtual void
+    _reset ()
+    {
+      envelope_sskel::_reset ();
+
+      text_s_._reset ();
+      bin_s_._reset ();
+      uint_s_._reset ();
+    }
+
+  private:
+    // Serializers used in wildcard content serialization.
+    //
+    xml_schema::string_simpl& text_s_;
+    binary_sskel& bin_s_;
+    xml_schema::unsigned_int_simpl& uint_s_;
+
+    const envelope* env_;
+    bool tid_set_;
+    envelope::body_iterator i_;
+  };
+}
+
+int
+main ()
+{
+  try
+  {
+    using namespace email;
+
+    // Create a sample email with a text body and two (fake) pictures.
+    //
+    envelope env ("Jane Doe <jane@doe.com>",
+                  "John Doe <john@doe.com>",
+                  "Surfing pictures",
+                  123); // thread id
+
+    env.add_body (new text ("Hi Jane,\n"
+                            "Here are cool pictures of me surfing.\n\n"
+                            "Cheers,\n"
+                            "John"));
+
+    env.add_body (new binary ("pic1.jpg", "image/jpeg", "abc123", 6));
+    env.add_body (new binary ("pic2.jpg", "image/jpeg", "123abc", 6));
+
+
+    // Construct the serializer.
+    //
+    xml_schema::string_simpl string_s;
+    xml_schema::unsigned_int_simpl uint_s;
+
+    binary_simpl binary_s;
+    envelope_simpl envelope_s (string_s, binary_s, uint_s);
+
+    binary_s.serializers (string_s, string_s);
+    envelope_s.serializers (string_s, string_s, string_s);
+
+    // Serialize the sample email to XML document.
+    //
+    xml_schema::document_simpl doc_s (
+      envelope_s,
+      "http://www.codesynthesis.com/email",
+      "message");
+
+    doc_s.add_prefix ("eml", "http://www.codesynthesis.com/email");
+    doc_s.add_schema ("http://www.codesynthesis.com/email", "email.xsd");
+
+    envelope_s.pre (env);
+    doc_s.serialize (cout);
+    envelope_s.post ();
+  }
+  catch (const xml_schema::serializer_exception& e)
+  {
+    cerr << "error: " << e.text () << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+  catch (const std::ios_base::failure&)
+  {
+    cerr << "error: write failure" << endl;
+    return 1;
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/wildcard/email.hxx b/examples/cxx/serializer/wildcard/email.hxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6cf76da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/wildcard/email.hxx
@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+// file      : examples/cxx/serializer/wildcard/email.hxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+#ifndef EMAIL_HXX
+#define EMAIL_HXX
+
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include <cstddef> // std::size_t
+#include <cstring> // std::memcpy
+
+namespace email
+{
+  //
+  //
+  enum body_type
+  {
+    text_body,
+    binary_body
+  };
+
+  struct body
+  {
+    virtual body_type
+    type () const = 0;
+
+    virtual
+    ~body ()
+    {
+    }
+  };
+
+  //
+  //
+  struct text: body
+  {
+    text (const std::string& content)
+        : content_ (content)
+    {
+    }
+
+    virtual body_type
+    type () const
+    {
+      return text_body;
+    }
+
+    const std::string&
+    content () const
+    {
+      return content_;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    std::string content_;
+  };
+
+  //
+  //
+  struct binary: body
+  {
+    binary (const std::string& name,
+            const std::string& mime,
+            const char* data,
+            std::size_t size)
+        : name_ (name), mime_ (mime), data_ (0), size_ (size)
+    {
+      if (size_ != 0)
+      {
+        data_ = new char[size_];
+        std::memcpy (data_, data, size_);
+      }
+    }
+
+    virtual
+    ~binary ()
+    {
+      delete[] data_;
+    }
+
+    virtual body_type
+    type () const
+    {
+      return binary_body;
+    }
+
+    const std::string&
+    name () const
+    {
+      return name_;
+    }
+
+    const std::string&
+    mime () const
+    {
+      return mime_;
+    }
+
+    const char*
+    data () const
+    {
+      return data_;
+    }
+
+    std::size_t
+    size () const
+    {
+      return size_;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    std::string name_;
+    std::string mime_;
+    char* data_;
+    std::size_t size_;
+  };
+
+  //
+  //
+  struct envelope
+  {
+    envelope (const std::string& to,
+              const std::string& from,
+              const std::string& subject,
+              unsigned int thread_id)
+        : to_ (to), from_ (from), subject_ (subject), thread_id_ (thread_id)
+    {
+    }
+
+    const std::string&
+    to () const
+    {
+      return to_;
+    }
+
+    const std::string&
+    from () const
+    {
+      return from_;
+    }
+
+    const std::string&
+    subject () const
+    {
+      return subject_;
+    }
+
+    unsigned int
+    thread_id () const
+    {
+      return thread_id_;
+    }
+
+    // Assumes ownership of the passed object.
+    //
+    void
+    add_body (body* b)
+    {
+      bodies_.push_back (b);
+    }
+
+    typedef std::vector<body*> bodies;
+    typedef bodies::const_iterator body_iterator;
+
+    body_iterator
+    begin_body () const
+    {
+      return bodies_.begin ();
+    }
+
+    body_iterator
+    end_body () const
+    {
+      return bodies_.end ();
+    }
+
+    ~envelope ()
+    {
+      for (body_iterator i = begin_body (); i != end_body (); ++i)
+        delete *i;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    const std::string to_;
+    const std::string from_;
+    const std::string subject_;
+    unsigned int thread_id_;
+
+    bodies bodies_;
+  };
+}
+
+#endif // EMAIL_HXX
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/wildcard/email.map b/examples/cxx/serializer/wildcard/email.map
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fadafb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/wildcard/email.map
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# file      : examples/cxx/serializer/wildcard/email.map
+# author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+# copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+namespace http://www.codesynthesis.com/email
+{
+  include "email.hxx";
+
+  text "const text*";
+  binary "const binary*";
+  envelope "const envelope&";
+}
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/wildcard/email.xsd b/examples/cxx/serializer/wildcard/email.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bf61589
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/wildcard/email.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+
+<!--
+
+file      : examples/cxx/serializer/wildcard/email.xsd
+author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+copyright : not copyrighted - public domain
+
+-->
+
+<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
+            xmlns:eml="http://www.codesynthesis.com/email"
+            targetNamespace="http://www.codesynthesis.com/email">
+
+  <!-- Predefined envolop body types. -->
+
+  <xsd:element name="text" type="xsd:string"/>
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="binary">
+    <xsd:simpleContent>
+      <xsd:extension base="xsd:base64Binary">
+        <xsd:attribute name="name" type="xsd:string" use="required"/>
+        <xsd:attribute name="mime" type="xsd:string" use="required"/>
+      </xsd:extension>
+    </xsd:simpleContent>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:element name="binary" type="eml:binary"/>
+
+  <!-- Predefined envelop attributes. -->
+
+  <xsd:attribute name="thread-id" type="xsd:unsignedInt"/>
+
+
+  <xsd:complexType name="envelope">
+    <xsd:sequence>
+      <xsd:element name="to" type="xsd:string"/>
+      <xsd:element name="from" type="xsd:string"/>
+      <xsd:element name="subject" type="xsd:string"/>
+
+      <!-- Extensible envelope body. -->
+
+      <xsd:any namespace="##targetNamespace" processContents="strict"
+               maxOccurs="unbounded" />
+    </xsd:sequence>
+    <xsd:anyAttribute namespace="##targetNamespace" processContents="strict"/>
+  </xsd:complexType>
+
+  <xsd:element name="message" type="eml:envelope"/>
+
+</xsd:schema>
diff --git a/examples/cxx/serializer/wildcard/makefile b/examples/cxx/serializer/wildcard/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a6f881b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/cxx/serializer/wildcard/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+# file      : examples/cxx/serializer/wildcard/makefile
+# author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+# copyright : Copyright (c) 2005-2009 Code Synthesis Tools CC
+# license   : GNU GPL v2 + exceptions; see accompanying LICENSE file
+
+include $(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))../../../../build/bootstrap.make
+
+xsd := email.xsd
+cxx := driver.cxx
+
+obj := $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(cxx:.cxx=.o) $(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.o))
+dep := $(obj:.o=.o.d)
+
+xsde.l             := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l
+xsde.l.cpp-options := $(out_root)/libxsde/xsde/xsde.l.cpp-options
+
+driver := $(out_base)/driver
+clean  := $(out_base)/.clean
+
+
+# Build.
+#
+$(driver): $(obj) $(xsde.l)
+
+$(obj) $(dep): cpp_options := -I$(out_base) -I$(src_base)
+$(obj) $(dep): $(xsde.l.cpp-options)
+
+skel := $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.hxx) \
+        $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.ixx) \
+        $(out_base)/$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.cxx)
+
+$(skel): xsde := $(out_root)/xsde/xsde
+$(skel): xsde_options += --type-map $(src_base)/email.map
+
+$(skel): $(out_root)/xsde/xsde $(src_base)/email.map
+
+$(call include-dep,$(dep))
+
+# Convenience alias for default target.
+#
+.PHONY: $(out_base)/
+$(out_base)/: $(driver)
+
+
+# Clean.
+#
+.PHONY: $(clean)
+
+$(clean): $(driver).o.clean                                 \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(obj))                            \
+  $(addsuffix .cxx.clean,$(dep))                            \
+  $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(xsd:.xsd=-sskel.cxx.xsd.clean))
+
+
+# How to.
+#
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/o-e.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-o.make)
+$(call include,$(bld_root)/cxx/cxx-d.make)
+$(call include,$(scf_root)/xsde/serializer/xsd-cxx.make)
+
+
+# Dependencies.
+#
+$(call import,$(src_root)/xsde/makefile)
+$(call import,$(src_root)/libxsde/xsde/makefile)
diff --git a/examples/makefile b/examples/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..81cba78
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# file      : examples/makefile
+# author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+# copyright : Copyright (c) 2006-2009 Code Synthesis Tools CC
+# license   : GNU GPL v2 + exceptions; see accompanying LICENSE file
+
+include $(dir $(lastword $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))../build/bootstrap.make
+
+examples := cxx
+
+default   := $(out_base)/
+test      := $(out_base)/.test
+clean     := $(out_base)/.clean
+
+.PHONY: $(default) $(test) $(clean)
+
+$(default): $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(addsuffix /,$(examples)))
+$(test): $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(addsuffix /.test,$(examples)))
+$(clean): $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(addsuffix /.clean,$(examples)))
+
+$(foreach e,$(examples),$(call import,$(src_base)/$e/makefile))