Get rid of dependency on libcult

23 files changed, 365 insertions, 103 deletions

diff --git a/xsd-frontend/makefile b/xsd-frontend/makefile
index 010ec7d..68b427a 100644
--- a/xsd-frontend/makefile
+++ b/xsd-frontend/makefile
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ cxx_tun += transformations/anonymous.cxx       \
            transformations/schema-per-type.cxx \
            transformations/simplifier.cxx
 
-cxx_tun += parser.cxx schema-dom-parser.cxx
+cxx_tun += types.cxx parser.cxx schema-dom-parser.cxx
 
 
 cxx_obj := $(addprefix $(out_base)/,$(cxx_tun:.cxx=.o))
@@ -71,19 +71,14 @@ $(call import,\
   $(scf_root)/import/libcutl/stub.make,\
   l: cutl.l,cpp-options: cutl.l.cpp-options)
 
-$(call import,\
-  $(scf_root)/import/libcult/stub.make,\
-  l: cult.l,cpp-options: cult.l.cpp-options)
-
-# what to build
+# What to build.
 #
-$(xsd_frontend.l): $(cxx_obj) $(cult.l) $(cutl.l) $(xerces_c.l) $(fs.l)
+$(xsd_frontend.l): $(cxx_obj) $(cutl.l) $(xerces_c.l) $(fs.l)
 
 $(xsd_frontend.l.cpp-options): prefix := xsd-frontend/ $(out_root)/
 $(xsd_frontend.l.cpp-options): value := -I$(src_root) -I$(out_root)
 $(xsd_frontend.l.cpp-options):  \
   $(fs.l.cpp-options)           \
-  $(cult.l.cpp-options)         \
   $(cutl.l.cpp-options)
 
 #@@ This can be further optimized since only parser depends on xerces.
diff --git a/xsd-frontend/parser.cxx b/xsd-frontend/parser.cxx
index 782b01f..3a0b180 100644
--- a/xsd-frontend/parser.cxx
+++ b/xsd-frontend/parser.cxx
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
 
 #include <cutl/compiler/type-id.hxx>
 
-#include <xsd-frontend/types.hxx>
 #include <xsd-frontend/parser.hxx>
 #include <xsd-frontend/xml.hxx>
 #include <xsd-frontend/schema-dom-parser.hxx>
@@ -107,10 +106,10 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
     // Trim leading and trailing whitespaces.
     //
     template <typename C>
-    Cult::StringTemplate<C>
-    trim (Cult::StringTemplate<C> const& s)
+    StringTemplate<C>
+    trim (StringTemplate<C> const& s)
     {
-      typedef Cult::StringTemplate<C> String;
+      typedef StringTemplate<C> String;
 
       size_t size (s.size ());
 
@@ -1312,8 +1311,11 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
   // Parser::Impl
   //
 
-  class Parser::Impl: public NonCopyable
+  class Parser::Impl
   {
+    Impl (Impl const&);
+    Impl& operator= (Impl const&);
+
   public:
     ~Impl ();
 
@@ -1417,7 +1419,7 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
 
   private:
     bool
-    is_disabled (Char const* warning)
+    is_disabled (char const* warning)
     {
       return disabled_warnings_all_ ||
         (disabled_warnings_ &&
@@ -4750,8 +4752,10 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
   // that can later be used in diagnostics. Unfortunately, it doesn't
   // work. So we will have to keep our own track.
   //
-  struct Context: public NonCopyable
+  struct Context
   {
+    Context () {}
+
     // File map for diagnostic.
     //
     Path const&
@@ -4776,6 +4780,10 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
     }
 
   private:
+    Context (Context const&);
+    Context& operator= (Context const&);
+
+  private:
     typedef std::map<Path, Path, FilePathComparator> FileMap;
     FileMap file_map_;
   };
diff --git a/xsd-frontend/parser.hxx b/xsd-frontend/parser.hxx
index 2efb75f..cf8122f 100644
--- a/xsd-frontend/parser.hxx
+++ b/xsd-frontend/parser.hxx
@@ -9,14 +9,11 @@
 #include <set>
 #include <memory> // std::auto_ptr
 
-#include <cult/types.hxx>
-
+#include <xsd-frontend/types.hxx>
 #include <xsd-frontend/semantic-graph/schema.hxx>
 
 namespace XSDFrontend
 {
-  using namespace Cult::Types;
-
   struct InvalidSchema {};
 
   class LocationTranslator
@@ -34,7 +31,7 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
   //
   typedef std::set<NarrowString> WarningSet;
 
-  class Parser: public NonCopyable
+  class Parser
   {
   public:
     ~Parser ();
@@ -49,6 +46,10 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
             LocationTranslator&,
             const WarningSet& disabled);
 
+  private:
+    Parser (Parser const&);
+    Parser& operator= (Parser const&);
+
   public:
     // Parse a schema file. Throws InvalidSchema in case of a failure.
     //
diff --git a/xsd-frontend/semantic-graph/annotation.hxx b/xsd-frontend/semantic-graph/annotation.hxx
index 3d6f098..6752a86 100644
--- a/xsd-frontend/semantic-graph/annotation.hxx
+++ b/xsd-frontend/semantic-graph/annotation.hxx
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
     class Annotation: public virtual Node
     {
     public:
-      WideString const&
+      String const&
       documentation () const
       {
         return documentation_;
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
       Annotation (Path const& file,
                   unsigned long line,
                   unsigned long column,
-                  WideString const& documentation)
+                  String const& documentation)
           : Node (file, line, column), documentation_ (documentation)
       {
       }
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
       add_edge_left (Annotates&) {}
 
     private:
-      WideString documentation_;
+      String documentation_;
     };
   }
 }
diff --git a/xsd-frontend/semantic-graph/any-attribute.cxx b/xsd-frontend/semantic-graph/any-attribute.cxx
index 8a8660c..a5dcd36 100644
--- a/xsd-frontend/semantic-graph/any-attribute.cxx
+++ b/xsd-frontend/semantic-graph/any-attribute.cxx
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
     AnyAttribute (Path const& file,
                   unsigned long line,
                   unsigned long column,
-                  WideString const& namespaces)
+                  String const& namespaces)
         : Node (file, line, column),
           prototype_ (0)
     {
@@ -26,9 +26,9 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
 
       for (size_t i (0), j (namespaces.find (L' '));;)
       {
-        if (j != WideString::npos)
+        if (j != String::npos)
         {
-          namespaces_.push_back (WideString (namespaces, i, j - i));
+          namespaces_.push_back (String (namespaces, i, j - i));
 
           i = j + 1;
           j = namespaces.find (L' ', i);
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
         {
           // Last element.
           //
-          namespaces_.push_back (WideString (namespaces, i));
+          namespaces_.push_back (String (namespaces, i));
           break;
         }
       }
diff --git a/xsd-frontend/semantic-graph/any-attribute.hxx b/xsd-frontend/semantic-graph/any-attribute.hxx
index 8827987..a5ce78a 100644
--- a/xsd-frontend/semantic-graph/any-attribute.hxx
+++ b/xsd-frontend/semantic-graph/any-attribute.hxx
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
   {
     class AnyAttribute: public virtual Nameable
     {
-      typedef std::vector<WideString> Namespaces;
+      typedef std::vector<String> Namespaces;
 
     public:
       typedef Namespaces::const_iterator NamespaceIterator;
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
       AnyAttribute (Path const& file,
                     unsigned long line,
                     unsigned long column,
-                    WideString const& namespaces);
+                    String const& namespaces);
 
       AnyAttribute (Path const& file,
                     unsigned long line,
diff --git a/xsd-frontend/semantic-graph/any.cxx b/xsd-frontend/semantic-graph/any.cxx
index 75eb5dd..8aff295 100644
--- a/xsd-frontend/semantic-graph/any.cxx
+++ b/xsd-frontend/semantic-graph/any.cxx
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
     Any (Path const& file,
          unsigned long line,
          unsigned long column,
-         WideString const& namespaces)
+         String const& namespaces)
         : Node (file, line, column),
           prototype_ (0)
     {
@@ -26,9 +26,9 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
 
       for (size_t i (0), j (namespaces.find (L' '));;)
       {
-        if (j != WideString::npos)
+        if (j != String::npos)
         {
-          namespaces_.push_back (WideString (namespaces, i, j - i));
+          namespaces_.push_back (String (namespaces, i, j - i));
 
           i = j + 1;
           j = namespaces.find (L' ', i);
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
         {
           // Last element.
           //
-          namespaces_.push_back (WideString (namespaces, i));
+          namespaces_.push_back (String (namespaces, i));
           break;
         }
       }
diff --git a/xsd-frontend/semantic-graph/any.hxx b/xsd-frontend/semantic-graph/any.hxx
index b0506d0..47513b9 100644
--- a/xsd-frontend/semantic-graph/any.hxx
+++ b/xsd-frontend/semantic-graph/any.hxx
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
     class Any: public virtual Nameable,
                public virtual Particle
     {
-      typedef std::vector<WideString> Namespaces;
+      typedef std::vector<String> Namespaces;
 
     public:
       typedef Namespaces::const_iterator NamespaceIterator;
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
       Any (Path const& file,
            unsigned long line,
            unsigned long column,
-           WideString const& namespaces);
+           String const& namespaces);
 
       Any (Path const& file,
            unsigned long line,
diff --git a/xsd-frontend/semantic-graph/elements.hxx b/xsd-frontend/semantic-graph/elements.hxx
index ad70221..1847572 100644
--- a/xsd-frontend/semantic-graph/elements.hxx
+++ b/xsd-frontend/semantic-graph/elements.hxx
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 #include <cutl/container/pointer-iterator.hxx>
 #include <cutl/compiler/context.hxx>
 
-#include <cult/types.hxx>
+#include <xsd-frontend/types.hxx>
 
 namespace XSDFrontend
 {
@@ -31,8 +31,6 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
 
     using container::pointer_iterator;
 
-    using namespace Cult::Types;
-
     //
     //
     typedef boost::filesystem::path Path;
@@ -181,7 +179,7 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
 
     //
     //
-    typedef WideString Name;
+    typedef String Name;
 
 
     //
@@ -648,7 +646,7 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
     class Restricts: public virtual Inherits
     {
     public:
-      typedef std::map<WideString, WideString> Facets;
+      typedef std::map<String, String> Facets;
       typedef Facets::iterator FacetIterator;
 
       bool
@@ -670,7 +668,7 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
       }
 
       FacetIterator
-      facet_find (WideString const& name)
+      facet_find (String const& name)
       {
         return facets_.find (name);
       }
@@ -782,7 +780,7 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
 
       struct NoValue {};
 
-      WideString
+      String
       value () const
       {
         if (value_type_ != ValueType::none)
@@ -794,14 +792,14 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
       //
       //
       void
-      default_ (WideString const& v)
+      default_ (String const& v)
       {
         value_ = v;
         value_type_ = ValueType::default_;
       }
 
       void
-      fixed (WideString const& v)
+      fixed (String const& v)
       {
         value_ = v;
         value_type_ = ValueType::fixed;
@@ -841,7 +839,7 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
         };
       };
 
-      WideString value_;
+      String value_;
       ValueType::Value value_type_;
     };
 
diff --git a/xsd-frontend/transformations/anonymous.cxx b/xsd-frontend/transformations/anonymous.cxx
index afaf66a..3fa4f00 100644
--- a/xsd-frontend/transformations/anonymous.cxx
+++ b/xsd-frontend/transformations/anonymous.cxx
@@ -17,10 +17,6 @@ using std::endl;
 
 namespace XSDFrontend
 {
-  using namespace Cult;
-
-  typedef WideString String;
-
   namespace
   {
     using Transformations::AnonymousNameTranslator;
diff --git a/xsd-frontend/transformations/anonymous.hxx b/xsd-frontend/transformations/anonymous.hxx
index 992b7ff..4f1dcdd 100644
--- a/xsd-frontend/transformations/anonymous.hxx
+++ b/xsd-frontend/transformations/anonymous.hxx
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 #ifndef XSD_FRONTEND_TRANSFORMATIONS_ANONYMOUS_HXX
 #define XSD_FRONTEND_TRANSFORMATIONS_ANONYMOUS_HXX
 
-#include <cult/types.hxx>
+#include <xsd-frontend/types.hxx>
 
 #include <xsd-frontend/semantic-graph/elements.hxx> // Path
 #include <xsd-frontend/semantic-graph/schema.hxx>
@@ -15,8 +15,6 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
 {
   namespace Transformations
   {
-    using namespace Cult::Types;
-
     class AnonymousNameTranslator
     {
     public:
@@ -26,11 +24,11 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
       // The file argument is empty for the currect translation
       // unit.
       //
-      virtual WideString
-      translate (WideString const& file,
-                 WideString const& ns,
-                 WideString const& name,
-                 WideString const& xpath) = 0;
+      virtual String
+      translate (String const& file,
+                 String const& ns,
+                 String const& name,
+                 String const& xpath) = 0;
     };
 
     // This transformation morphs anonymous types into named ones
diff --git a/xsd-frontend/transformations/enum-synthesis.cxx b/xsd-frontend/transformations/enum-synthesis.cxx
index c1ef5a7..169d27e 100644
--- a/xsd-frontend/transformations/enum-synthesis.cxx
+++ b/xsd-frontend/transformations/enum-synthesis.cxx
@@ -12,9 +12,6 @@
 
 namespace XSDFrontend
 {
-  using namespace Cult;
-  typedef WideString String;
-
   namespace
   {
     typedef std::set<String> Enumerators;
diff --git a/xsd-frontend/transformations/enum-synthesis.hxx b/xsd-frontend/transformations/enum-synthesis.hxx
index 97658a3..edbee07 100644
--- a/xsd-frontend/transformations/enum-synthesis.hxx
+++ b/xsd-frontend/transformations/enum-synthesis.hxx
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 #ifndef XSD_FRONTEND_TRANSFORMATIONS_ENUM_SYNTHESIS_HXX
 #define XSD_FRONTEND_TRANSFORMATIONS_ENUM_SYNTHESIS_HXX
 
-#include <cult/types.hxx>
+#include <xsd-frontend/types.hxx>
 
 #include <xsd-frontend/semantic-graph/elements.hxx> // Path
 #include <xsd-frontend/semantic-graph/schema.hxx>
@@ -15,8 +15,6 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
 {
   namespace Transformations
   {
-    using namespace Cult::Types;
-
     // This transformation replaces unions of one or more enumerations
     // with the same base with an equivalent synthesized enumeration.
     // This transformation assumes that there are no anonymous types.
diff --git a/xsd-frontend/transformations/restriction.cxx b/xsd-frontend/transformations/restriction.cxx
index dae1f03..0d63a9f 100644
--- a/xsd-frontend/transformations/restriction.cxx
+++ b/xsd-frontend/transformations/restriction.cxx
@@ -11,14 +11,10 @@
 
 #include <xsd-frontend/transformations/restriction.hxx>
 
-using std::wcerr;
-using std::endl;
+using namespace std;
 
 namespace XSDFrontend
 {
-  using namespace Cult;
-
-  typedef WideString String;
   typedef Transformations::Restriction::Failed Failed;
   typedef std::vector<SemanticGraph::Complex*> BaseList;
 
diff --git a/xsd-frontend/transformations/restriction.hxx b/xsd-frontend/transformations/restriction.hxx
index 8cf4cd8..2adeb03 100644
--- a/xsd-frontend/transformations/restriction.hxx
+++ b/xsd-frontend/transformations/restriction.hxx
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 #ifndef XSD_FRONTEND_TRANSFORMATIONS_RESTRICTION_HXX
 #define XSD_FRONTEND_TRANSFORMATIONS_RESTRICTION_HXX
 
-#include <cult/types.hxx>
+#include <xsd-frontend/types.hxx>
 
 #include <xsd-frontend/semantic-graph/elements.hxx> // Path
 #include <xsd-frontend/semantic-graph/schema.hxx>
@@ -15,8 +15,6 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
 {
   namespace Transformations
   {
-    using namespace Cult::Types;
-
     // This transformation performs two major tasks. It transfers omitted
     // attribute declarations from the base to derived-by-restriction type
     // and establishes correspondence between particles and compositors by
diff --git a/xsd-frontend/transformations/schema-per-type.cxx b/xsd-frontend/transformations/schema-per-type.cxx
index 69b43ca..caae52d 100644
--- a/xsd-frontend/transformations/schema-per-type.cxx
+++ b/xsd-frontend/transformations/schema-per-type.cxx
@@ -22,15 +22,9 @@ using std::endl;
 
 namespace XSDFrontend
 {
-  using namespace Cult;
-
-  typedef WideString String;
   typedef Transformations::SchemaPerType::Failed Failed;
-
   typedef std::vector<SemanticGraph::Schema*> Schemas;
-  typedef
-  std::map<SemanticGraph::Type*, SemanticGraph::Schema*>
-  TypeSchemaMap;
+  typedef std::map<SemanticGraph::Type*, SemanticGraph::Schema*> TypeSchemaMap;
 
   // Compare file paths case-insensitively.
   //
@@ -143,7 +137,7 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
             //
             if (!tn)
             {
-              for (NarrowString::Iterator i (base.begin ()), e (base.end ());
+              for (NarrowString::iterator i (base.begin ()), e (base.end ());
                    i != e; ++i)
               {
                 if (*i == '/' || *i == '\\')
@@ -182,7 +176,7 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
               throw Failed ();
             }
           }
-          catch (String::NonRepresentable const&)
+          catch (NonRepresentable const&)
           {
             wcerr << "error: '" << wbase << "' cannot be represented as a "
                   << "narrow string" << endl;
@@ -251,7 +245,7 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
     {
       Type (SemanticGraph::Schema& schema,
             SemanticGraph::Schema& root,
-            Char const* by_value_key,
+            char const* by_value_key,
             TypeSchemaMap& tsm)
           : schema_ (schema),
             root_ (root),
@@ -333,7 +327,7 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
     private:
       SemanticGraph::Schema& schema_;
       SemanticGraph::Schema& root_;
-      Char const* by_value_key_;
+      char const* by_value_key_;
       TypeSchemaMap& tsm_;
       std::set<SemanticGraph::Type*> type_set_;
 
@@ -346,7 +340,7 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
     SchemaPerType::
     SchemaPerType (SchemaPerTypeTranslator& trans,
                    bool fat,
-                   Char const* key)
+                   char const* key)
         : fat_type_file_ (fat), by_value_key_ (key), trans_ (trans)
     {
     }
diff --git a/xsd-frontend/transformations/schema-per-type.hxx b/xsd-frontend/transformations/schema-per-type.hxx
index 6e034d6..9498d42 100644
--- a/xsd-frontend/transformations/schema-per-type.hxx
+++ b/xsd-frontend/transformations/schema-per-type.hxx
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 
 #include <vector>
 
-#include <cult/types.hxx>
+#include <xsd-frontend/types.hxx>
 
 #include <xsd-frontend/semantic-graph/elements.hxx> // Path
 #include <xsd-frontend/semantic-graph/schema.hxx>
@@ -17,8 +17,6 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
 {
   namespace Transformations
   {
-    using namespace Cult::Types;
-
     class SchemaPerTypeTranslator
     {
     public:
@@ -28,8 +26,8 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
       // The following two functions should return empty string if
       // there is no match.
       //
-      virtual WideString
-      translate_type (WideString const& ns, WideString const& name) = 0;
+      virtual String
+      translate_type (String const& ns, String const& name) = 0;
 
       virtual NarrowString
       translate_schema (NarrowString const& abs_path) = 0;
@@ -49,14 +47,14 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
       //
       SchemaPerType (SchemaPerTypeTranslator&,
                      bool fat_type_file,
-                     Char const* by_value_key = 0);
+                     char const* by_value_key = 0);
 
       std::vector<SemanticGraph::Schema*>
       transform (SemanticGraph::Schema&);
 
     private:
       bool fat_type_file_;
-      Char const* by_value_key_;
+      char const* by_value_key_;
       SchemaPerTypeTranslator& trans_;
     };
   }
diff --git a/xsd-frontend/transformations/simplifier.cxx b/xsd-frontend/transformations/simplifier.cxx
index ba6b04f..16f07a1 100644
--- a/xsd-frontend/transformations/simplifier.cxx
+++ b/xsd-frontend/transformations/simplifier.cxx
@@ -10,8 +10,6 @@
 
 namespace XSDFrontend
 {
-  using namespace Cult;
-
   namespace
   {
     struct Compositor: Traversal::All,
diff --git a/xsd-frontend/transformations/simplifier.hxx b/xsd-frontend/transformations/simplifier.hxx
index 44a3429..d516943 100644
--- a/xsd-frontend/transformations/simplifier.hxx
+++ b/xsd-frontend/transformations/simplifier.hxx
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 #ifndef XSD_FRONTEND_TRANSFORMATIONS_SIMPLIFIER_HXX
 #define XSD_FRONTEND_TRANSFORMATIONS_SIMPLIFIER_HXX
 
-#include <cult/types.hxx>
+#include <xsd-frontend/types.hxx>
 
 #include <xsd-frontend/semantic-graph/elements.hxx> // Path
 #include <xsd-frontend/semantic-graph/schema.hxx>
@@ -15,8 +15,6 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
 {
   namespace Transformations
   {
-    using namespace Cult::Types;
-
     // This transformation performs various schema simplifications
     // (e.g., removing empty compositors, etc). This transformation
     // assumes that there are no anonymous types.
diff --git a/xsd-frontend/traversal/elements.hxx b/xsd-frontend/traversal/elements.hxx
index bf4b0f1..9e2b106 100644
--- a/xsd-frontend/traversal/elements.hxx
+++ b/xsd-frontend/traversal/elements.hxx
@@ -6,10 +6,9 @@
 #ifndef XSD_FRONTEND_TRAVERSAL_ELEMENTS_HXX
 #define XSD_FRONTEND_TRAVERSAL_ELEMENTS_HXX
 
-#include <cult/types.hxx>
-
 #include <cutl/compiler/traversal.hxx>
 
+#include <xsd-frontend/types.hxx>
 #include <xsd-frontend/semantic-graph/elements.hxx>
 
 namespace XSDFrontend
@@ -17,7 +16,6 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
   namespace Traversal
   {
     using namespace cutl;
-    using namespace Cult::Types;
 
     typedef compiler::dispatcher<SemanticGraph::Node> NodeDispatcher;
     typedef compiler::dispatcher<SemanticGraph::Edge> EdgeDispatcher;
diff --git a/xsd-frontend/types.cxx b/xsd-frontend/types.cxx
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..126a2e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/xsd-frontend/types.cxx
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+// file      : xsd-frontend/types.cxx
+// author    : Boris Kolpackov <boris@codesynthesis.com>
+// copyright : Copyright (c) 2005-2011 Code Synthesis Tools CC
+// license   : GNU GPL v2 + exceptions; see accompanying LICENSE file
+
+#include <cstdlib> // std::mbstowcs
+
+#include <xsd-frontend/types.hxx>
+
+namespace XSDFrontend
+{
+  // NonRepresentable
+  //
+  char const* NonRepresentable::
+  what () const throw ()
+  {
+    return "character is not representable in the narrower encoding";
+  }
+
+  // StringTemplate
+  //
+
+  // Specialization for char to wchar_t conversion.
+  //
+  template <>
+  void StringTemplate<wchar_t, char>::
+  from_narrow (char const* s)
+  {
+    size_type size (std::mbstowcs (0, s, 0) + 1);
+
+    // I dare to change the guts!
+    //
+    resize (size - 1);
+
+    wchar_t* p (const_cast<wchar_t*> (data ()));
+
+    std::mbstowcs (p, s, size);
+  }
+
+  // Specialization for wchar_t to char conversion.
+  //
+  template <>
+  StringTemplate<char> StringTemplate<wchar_t, char>::
+  to_narrow () const
+  {
+    size_type size (std::wcstombs (0, c_str (), 0));
+
+    if (size == size_type (-1))
+      throw NonRepresentable ();
+
+    // I dare to change the guts!
+    //
+    StringTemplate<char> r;
+    r.resize (size);
+
+    char* p (const_cast<char*> (r.data ()));
+
+    std::wcstombs (p, c_str (), size + 1);
+
+    return r;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/xsd-frontend/types.hxx b/xsd-frontend/types.hxx
index f3512e1..5e7793e 100644
--- a/xsd-frontend/types.hxx
+++ b/xsd-frontend/types.hxx
@@ -6,17 +6,246 @@
 #ifndef XSD_FRONTEND_TYPES_HXX
 #define XSD_FRONTEND_TYPES_HXX
 
+#include <string>
 #include <cstddef> // std::size_t
 
-#include <cult/types.hxx>
-
 namespace XSDFrontend
 {
   using std::size_t;
 
-  using namespace Cult::Types;
+  namespace Bits
+  {
+    struct None {};
+
+    template <typename C>
+    struct NarrowerChar
+    {
+      typedef None Type;
+    };
+
+    template <>
+    struct NarrowerChar<wchar_t>
+    {
+      typedef char Type;
+    };
+  }
+
+  struct NonRepresentable: std::exception
+  {
+    virtual char const*
+    what () const throw ();
+  };
+
+  template <typename C, typename NC = typename Bits::NarrowerChar<C>::Type>
+  class StringTemplate;
+
+  template <>
+  class StringTemplate<Bits::None, Bits::None>
+  {
+  };
+
+  template <typename C, typename NC>
+  class StringTemplate : public std::basic_string<C>
+  {
+    typedef std::basic_string<C> Base;
+    typedef std::basic_string<NC> NarrowerBase;
+
+    Base&
+    base ()
+    {
+      return *this;
+    }
+
+    Base const&
+    base () const
+    {
+      return *this;
+    }
+
+  public:
+    typedef typename Base::size_type size_type;
+
+    using Base::npos;
+
+  public:
+    StringTemplate ()
+    {
+    }
+
+    StringTemplate (StringTemplate const& str,
+                    size_type pos,
+                    size_type n = npos)
+        : Base (str, pos, n)
+    {
+    }
+
+    StringTemplate (C const* s, size_type n)
+        : Base (s, n)
+    {
+    }
+
+    StringTemplate (C const* s)
+        : Base (s)
+    {
+    }
+
+    StringTemplate (size_type n, C c)
+        : Base (n, c)
+    {
+    }
+
+    template <typename I>
+    StringTemplate(I begin, I end)
+        : Base (begin, end)
+    {
+    }
+
+    StringTemplate (StringTemplate const& other)
+        : Base (other)
+    {
+    }
+
+    // Conversion from Base.
+    //
+    StringTemplate (Base const& str)
+        : Base (str)
+    {
+    }
+
+    // Conversion from the Narrower type. Experimental.
+    //
+    StringTemplate (NC const* s)
+    {
+      from_narrow (s);
+    }
+
+    StringTemplate (StringTemplate<NC> const& other)
+    {
+      from_narrow (other.c_str ());
+    }
+
+    StringTemplate (NarrowerBase const& other)
+    {
+      from_narrow (other.c_str ());
+    }
+
+    // Assignment.
+    //
+    StringTemplate&
+    operator= (StringTemplate const& str)
+    {
+      base () = str;
+      return *this;
+    }
+
+    StringTemplate&
+    operator= (C const* s)
+    {
+      base () = s;
+      return *this;
+    }
+
+    StringTemplate&
+    operator= (C c)
+    {
+      base () = c;
+      return *this;
+    }
+
+    // Assignment from Base.
+    //
+    StringTemplate&
+    operator= (Base const& str)
+    {
+      base () = str;
+      return *this;
+    }
+
+  public:
+    StringTemplate&
+    operator+= (StringTemplate const& str)
+    {
+      base () += str;
+      return *this;
+    }
+
+    StringTemplate&
+    operator+= (C const* s)
+    {
+      base () += s;
+      return *this;
+    }
+
+    StringTemplate&
+    operator+= (C c)
+    {
+      base () += c;
+      return *this;
+    }
+
+    // Conversion to the Narrower type.
+    //
+  public:
+    StringTemplate<NC>
+    to_narrow () const;
+
+    // Conversion to bool.
+    //
+  private:
+    typedef void (StringTemplate::*BooleanConvertible)();
+    void true_ () {}
+
+  public:
+    operator BooleanConvertible () const
+    {
+      return this->empty () ? 0 : &StringTemplate::true_;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    void
+    from_narrow (NC const* s);
+  };
+
+
+  template<typename C>
+  StringTemplate<C>
+  operator+ (StringTemplate<C> const& lhs, StringTemplate<C> const& rhs)
+  {
+    return StringTemplate<C> (lhs) += rhs;
+  }
+
+  template<typename C>
+  StringTemplate<C>
+  operator+ (C const* lhs, StringTemplate<C> const& rhs)
+  {
+    return StringTemplate<C> (lhs) += rhs;
+  }
+
+  template<typename C>
+  StringTemplate<C>
+  operator+ (StringTemplate<C> const& lhs, C const* rhs)
+  {
+    return StringTemplate<C> (lhs) += rhs;
+  }
+
+  template<typename C>
+  StringTemplate<C>
+  operator+ (C lhs, StringTemplate<C> const& rhs)
+  {
+    return StringTemplate<C> (1, lhs) += rhs;
+  }
+
+  template<typename C>
+  StringTemplate<C>
+  operator+ (StringTemplate<C> const& lhs, C rhs)
+  {
+    return StringTemplate<C> (lhs) += rhs;
+  }
+
+  typedef StringTemplate<char> NarrowString;
+  typedef StringTemplate<wchar_t> WideString;
 
-  typedef Cult::WideString String;
+  typedef WideString String;
 }
 
 #endif  // XSD_FRONTEND_TYPES_HXX
diff --git a/xsd-frontend/xml.hxx b/xsd-frontend/xml.hxx
index 4b8effa..a785eee 100644
--- a/xsd-frontend/xml.hxx
+++ b/xsd-frontend/xml.hxx
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ namespace XSDFrontend
     NarrowString
     transcode_to_narrow (XMLCh const* xs)
     {
-      Char* s (Xerces::XMLString::transcode (xs));
+      char* s (Xerces::XMLString::transcode (xs));
       NarrowString r (s);
       Xerces::XMLString::release (&s);
       return r;